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Myers Psychology (6th ed.) Ch. 11
vocabulary-based flashcards--intelligence
22
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
07/22/2010

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Term
Intelligence Test
Definition
A method for assessing an individual's mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores.
Term
Mental Age
Definition
A measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance. Thus, a child who does as well as the average 8-year-old is said to have a mental age of 8.
Term
Stanford-Binet
Definition
The widely used American revision (by Terman at Stanford University) of Binet's original intelligence test.
Term
Intelligence Quotient
Definition
Defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100. On contemporary intelligence tests, the average performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100.
Term
Intelligence
Definition
Mental qualities consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations.
Term
Factor Analysis
Definition
A statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie one's total score.
Term
General Intelligence
Definition
A general intelligence factor (g) that according to Spearman and others underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test.
Term
Savant Syndrome
Definition
A condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing.
Term
Emotional Intelligence
Definition
The ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions.
Term
Creativity
Definition
The ability to produce novel and valuable ideas.
Term
Aptitude Test
Definition
A test designed to predict a person's future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn.
Term
Achievement Test
Definition
A test designed to assess what a person has learned.
Term
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
Definition
Is the most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests.
Term
Standardization
Definition
Defining meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested standardization group.
Term
Normal Curve
Definition
The symmetrical bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes. Most scores fall near the average, and fewer and fewer scores lie near the extremes.
Term
Reliability
Definition
The extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternate forms of the test, or on retesting.
Term
Validity
Definition
The extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to.
Term
Content Validity
Definition
The extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest (such as a driving test that samples driving tasks).
Term
Criterion
Definition
The behavior (such as future college grades) that a test (such as SAT) is designed to predict; thus, the measure used in defining whether the test has predictive validity.
Term
Predictive Validity
Definition
The success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior. (Also called criterion-related validity.)
Term
Mental Retardation
Definition
A condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life; varies from mild to profound.
Term
Down Syndrome
Definition
A condition of retardation and associated physical disorders caused by an extra chromosome in one's genetic makeup.
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