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Music
musical terms and time period questions
103
Music
Undergraduate 1
12/13/2009
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Term
strophic form
 Definition
song form based on repetition (AAA)
Term
theme and variations
 Definition
instrumental form based on rep. (A A' A")
Term
through-composed
 Definition
constand flow of music (a b c d)
Term
binary form
 Definition
form stressing contrast (A B)
Term
ternary form
 Definition
balance of rep. and contrast
Term
frequency
 Definition
rate of sound wave vibration
Term
tone
 Definition
pitch wit a specific frequency
Term
interval
 Definition
distance between two pitches
Term
staff
 Definition
5lines/ 4 spaces for notating music
Term
flat
 Definition
lowers a tone one half step
Term
sharp
 Definition
raises a tone one half step
Term
forte
 Definition
loud
Term
mezzopiano
 Definition
moderately soft
Term
crescendo
 Definition
becoming louder
Term
diminuendo
 Definition
becoming softer
Term
rhythm
 Definition
arrangement of time in music
Term
duple meter
 Definition
two beats per measure
Term
measure
 Definition
rhythmic unit with x number of beats
Term
tempo
 Definition
rate of speed
Term
downbeat
 Definition
first beat of a measure
Term
upbeat
 Definition
last beat of a measure
Term
syncopation
 Definition
accents which occur unepectedly
Term
disjunct
 Definition
disconnected melodic shape
Term
conjunct
 Definition
smooth connected melodic shape
Term
theme
 Definition
recurring melody easy to identify
Term
motive
 Definition
short melodic phrase or fragment
Term
diatonic scale
 Definition
major or minor
Term
chromatic scale
 Definition
twelve successive half steps in an octive
Term
whole-tone scale
 Definition
six successive whole steps in an octave
Term
harmony
 Definition
two or more tones simultaneously
Term
chord
 Definition
three or more tones simultaneously
Term
triad
 Definition
chord built on interval a third apart
Term
monophonic texture
 Definition
one melody only
Term
homophonic texture
 Definition
one melody with accompaniment
Term
polyphonic texture
 Definition
two or more melodies simultaneouslyf
Term
timbre
 Definition
quality of sound
Term
soprano
 Definition
highest female voice
Term
alto
 Definition
lowest female voice
Term
tenor
 Definition
highest male voice
Term
bass
 Definition
lowest male voice
Term
string instrument
 Definition
cello
Term
woodwind instrument
 Definition
saxaphone
Term
brass instrument
 Definition
french horn
Term
percussion instrument
 Definition
timpani
Term
keyboard instrument
 Definition
clavichord
Term
ethos
 Definition
effect of music on man's character
Term
improvisation
 Definition
spontaneous composition of music
Term
monophonic
 Definition
texture of Greek music
Term
acoustics
 Definition
science of sound
Term
lyre
 Definition
instrument used by Cult of Apollo
Term
aulos
 Definition
instrument used by cult of dionysus
Term
Gregorian chant
 Definition
monophonic texture used in middle ages
Term
organum
 Definition
polyphonic texture used in middle ages
Term
gothic
 Definition
artistic style beginning in the 12th century
Term
Guillaume de Machaut
 Definition
wrote Missa Notre Dame
Term
shawm
 Definition
woodwind instrument used in middle ages
Term
vielle
 Definition
string instrument used in middle ages
Term
a cappela
 Definition
unaccompanied choral music
Term
Josquin des Prez
 Definition
great composer from the Netherlands
Term
Palestrina
 Definition
great composer from Italy
Term
Martin Luther
 Definition
Protestant Reformer
Term
lute
 Definition
most popular string instrument of 16th century
Term
liturgy
 Definition
words of the Mass
Term
motet
 Definition
sacred song
Term
John Calvin
 Definition
psalter and psalm tune
Term
madrigal
 Definition
popular song
Term
consort
 Definition
grouping instruments into families
Term
Petrucci
 Definition
developed music printing
Term
Gesualdo
 Definition
chromatic madrigals
Term
polychoral music
 Definition
St. Mark's Cathedral
Term
sonata
 Definition
instrumental composition
Term
Florentine Camerata
 Definition
monody
Term
Scarlatti
 Definition
Italian composer in Rococo period
Term
Bach
 Definition
German composer in Rococo period
Term
Couperin
 Definition
French composer in Rococo period
Term
homophonic
 Definition
texture of Rococo music
Term
Handel
 Definition
wrote the Messiah
Term
J.S. Bach
 Definition
composer, performer, organ expert
Term
concerto grosso
 Definition
orchestra and solo ensemble
Term
continuo
 Definition
plays the thoroughbass part
Term
fugue
 Definition
polyphonic texture in Baroque period
Term
recitative
 Definition
homophonic texture in Baroque period
Term
libretto
 Definition
text of an opera
Term
figured bass
 Definition
musical shorthand
Term
prelude
 Definition
introductory piece
Term
de capo aria
 Definition
ternary form in Baroque period
Term
Ben Franklin
 Definition
invented the glass harmonica
Term
Gluck
 Definition
began the reform of opera
Term
Mozart
 Definition
child prodigy, died at age 36
Term
opera buffa
 Definition
Italian comic opera
Term
opera comique
 Definition
French comic opera
Term
Singspiel
 Definition
German comic opera
Term
coda
 Definition
tail
Term
sonata-allegro
 Definition
A B A
Term
rondo
 Definition
German comic opera
Term
string quartet
 Definition
doesn't use the double bass
Term
cadenza
 Definition
improvised by instrumental soloist
Term
Requiem
 Definition
Mass for the dead
Term
Rousseau
 Definition
Father of Romanticism
Term
Beethoven
 Definition
great German composer who became deaf
Term
Schubert
 Definition
Viennese pianist and song writer
Term
Lied
 Definition
German art song
Term
scherzo
 Definition
replaced the minuet
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