Extends and rotates thigh laterally 

Inferior Gluteal Nerve (L5-S2)

Ilium, sacrum, coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament 

Gluteal tuberosity; iliotibial tract 

Abducts and rotates thigh medially; stabilizes pelvis

Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4-S1)

Ilium b/w iliac crest, and ant. and post. gluteal lines

Greater trochanter 

Abducts and rotates thigh medially

Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4-S1)

Ilium b/w ant and inf. gluteal lines 

Greater trochanter (femur)

Flexes, abducts, and rotates thigh medially 

Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4-S1)

Iliac crest; anterior-superior iliac spine 

Iliotibial tract

Rotates thigh laterally 

Sacral Nerve (S1-S2)

Pelvic surface of sacrum; sacrotuberous ligament 

Upper end of greater trochanter 

Abducts and rotates thigh laterally 

Nerve to obturator internus 

Ischiopubic rami; obturator membrane 

Greater trochanter 

Rotates thigh laterally 

Nerve to obturator internus 

Ischial spine 

obturator internus tendon 

Rotates thigh laterally 

Nerve to quadratus femoris 

Ischial tuberosity 

Obturator internus tendon 

Rotates thigh laterally 

Nerve to quadratus femoris 

Ischial tuberosity 

Intertrochanteric crest 

Extends thigh; flexes and rotates leg medially (part of hamstrings)

Tibial portion of sciatic nerve 

Ischial tuberosity 

Medial surface of upper part of tibia 

Extends thigh; flexes and rotates leg medially (hamstring)

Tibial portion of sciatic nerve (L4-S3)

Ischial tuberosity 

Medial condyle of tibia  

Extends thigh; flexes and rotates leg laterally 

Tibial (long head) and Peroneal (short head) divisions of sciatic nerve (L4-S3)

Long head: ischial tuberosity 

Short head: linea aspera and upper supracondylar line 

Head of fibula

Anterior Thigh 

Flexes thigh (w/ psoas major)

Femoral Nerve (L2-L4)

Iliac fossa; ala of sacrum

Lesser trochanter 

Anterior thigh 

Flexes and rotates thigh laterally; flexes and rotates leg medially 

Femoral Nerve (L2-4)

Anterior-superior iliac spine 

Upper medial side of tibia 

Anterior Thigh 

Flexes thigh; extends leg (part of quad)

Femoral Nerve 

Ant-inf iliac spine; post-sup rim of acetabulum 

Base of patella; tibial tuberosity 

Anterior Thigh

Extends Leg (part of quad) 

Femoral Nerve (L2-4)

Intertrochanteric line; linea aspera; medial intermuscular septum

Medial side of patella; tibial tuberosity 

Anterior Thigh 

Extends leg (part of quad)

Femoral Nerve 

Intertrochanteric line; greater trochanter; linea aspera; gluteal tuberosity; lateral intermuscular septum 

Lateral side of patella; tibial tuberosity 

Anterior Thigh

Extends Leg (part of quadriceps)

Femoral Nerve (L2-4) 

Upper shaft of femur; lower lateral intermuscular septum

Upper border of patella; tibial tuberosity 

Anterior Thigh 

Adducts and flexes thigh 

Obturator Nerve (L2-4)

Body of pubis below crest 

Middle third of linea aspira (femur)

Anterior Thigh 

Adducts and flexes thigh

Obturator Nerve (L2-4)

Body and inferior pubic ramus 

Pectineal line; upper part of linea aspira (proximal, medial femur)

Anterior Thigh 

Adducts, flexes (oblique), and extends thigh (vertical)

Obturator and Sciatic (tibial)

Ischiopubic ramus; ischial tuberosity (vertical)

Linea aspera, medial supraconylar line; adductor tubercle (vertical) 

Anterior Thigh

Adducts and flexes thigh @ hip

Obturator and femoral

Pectineal line on superior pubic ramus 

Pectineal line on proximal femur 

Anterior Thigh 

Adducts and flexes thigh @ hip; flexes knee and medially rotates hip when knee is flexed 

Obturator Nerve (L3-4)

Body and inferior pubic ramus 

Medial surface of upper quarter of tibia 

Anterior thigh

Rotates thigh laterally 

Obturator Nerve 

Margin of obturator foramen and obturator membrane 

Intertrochanteric fossa of femur 

Pectoral Region/Axilla

Flexes, adducts, and medially rotates arm 

Lateral (C5-7) and medial (C8-T1) pectoral nerves 

Medial half of clavical; manubrium and body of sternum; upper 6 costal cartilages 

Lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus 

Pectoral/Axilla

Depresses scapula; elevates ribs 

Medial (and lateral) pectoral nerves (C8-T1; C5-7)

3rd, 4th, 5th ribs 

Coracoid process of scapula 

Pectoral/Axilla 

Depresses lateral part of clavicle 

Nerve to subclavius (C5)

Jxn of 1st rib and costal cartilage 

Inferior surface of clavicle 

Pectoral/Axilla

Rotates scapula upward; abducts scapula w/ arm and elevates it above the horizontal 

Long thoracic nerve (C5-7)

Upper 8 ribs 

Medial border of scapula 

Shoulder 

Abducts, adducts, flexes, extends, and rotates arm medially and laterally

Axillary Nerve (C5-6)

Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromonium, and spine of scapula 

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus 

Shoulder 

Abducts arm (part of rotator cuff - stability)

Suprascapular Nerve (C5-6)

Supraspinous fossa of scapula 

Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus 

Shoulder 

Rotates arm laterally; part of rotator cuff (stability)

Suprascapular Nerve 

Infraspinous fossa 

Middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus 

Shoulder 

Adducts and rotates arm medially; part of rotator cuff (stability) 

Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5-6)

Subscapular fossa 

Lesser tubercle of humerus 

Shoulder 

Adducts and rotates arm medially 

Lower subscapular nerve (C5-6)

Dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula 

Medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus 

Shoulder 

Rotates arm laterally; part of rotator cuff (stability)

Axillary Nerve (C5-6)

Upper portion of lateral border of scapula 

Lower facet of greater tubercle of humerus 

Shoulder 

Adducts, extends, and medially rotates arm 

Thoracodorsal Nerve (C7-8)

Spines of T7-T12 thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, ribs 9-12

Floor of bicipital groove of humerus

Upper Arm

Flexes and adducts arm

Musculocutaneous Nerve (C5-7)

Coracoid process

Middle 1/3 of medial surface of humerus 

Upper Arm

Flexes arm and forearm; supinates forearm 

Musculocutaneous Nerve (C5-7) 

Long head: supraglenoid tubercle

Short head: coracoid process 

Radial tuberosity of radius 

Upper Arm

Flexes forearm 

Musculocutaneous Nerve (C5-7)

Lower anterior surface of humerus 

Coronoid process of ulna and ulnar tuberosity 

Upper Arm

Extends forearm

Radial Nerve (C5-T1)

Long head: infraglenoid tubercle;

Lateral head: superior to radial groove of humerus 

Medial head: inferior to radial groove 

Posterior surface of olecranon process of ulna 

Upper Arm 

Extends forearm 

Radial Nerve (C5-T1)

Lateral epicondyle of humerus 

Olecranon and upper posterior surface of ulna 

Superficial Back 

Adducts, rotates, elevates and depresses scapula 

Spinal accessory nerve (C3-4)

External occipital protuberance, sup. nuchal line, ligamentum nuchae, spines of C7-T12

Spine of scapula, acromion, lateral 1/3 of clavicle 

Superficial Back 

Elevates scapula; rotates glenoid cavity 

Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C4-5)

Transverse processes of C1-C4

Medial border of scapula 

Superficial Back

Adducts Scapula 

Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5)

Spines of C7-T1

Root of spine of scapula 

Superficial back 

Adducts scapula 

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5) 

Spines of T2-T5

Medial border of scapula 

Superficial Back 

Elevates Ribs 

Intercostal Nerve (T1-T4)

Ligamentum nuchae, supraspinal ligament, spines of C7-T3

Upper border of ribs 2-5

Superficial Back 

Depresses ribs 

Intercostal Nerve (T9-T12) 

Supraspinous ligament and spines of T11-L3

Lower border of ribs 9-12 

Forearm - superficial

Protonates and flexes forearm (at elbow)

Median Nerve (C6, C7)

Ulnar Head: Coronoid Process

Femoral Head: Medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor origin)

Middle of convexity of lateral surface of radius 

Forearm - superficial

Flexes and abducts hand (@ wrist)

Median Nerve (C6, C7)

Medial Epicondyle of humerus (common flexor origin)

Base of 2nd metacarpal 

Forearm - superficial

Flexes hand (@ wrist) and tenses palmar aponeurosis 

Median nerve (C7, C8)

Medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor origin)

Distal half of flexor retinaculum and apex of palmar aponeurosis

Forearm - superficial 

Flexes and adducts hand (@ wrist) 

Ulnar Nerve (C7, C8)

Humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor origin) 

Ulnar head: Olecranon and posterior border (via aponeurosis)

Pisiform - hook of hamate,5th metacarpal

Forearm - intermediate layer 

Flexes middle phalanges @ PIPs of medial 4 digits, flexes proximal phalanges @ MCPs

Median Nerve (C7, C8, T1)

Humeroulnar head: medial epicondyle (common floxor origin and coronoid process) 

Radial head: superior half of anterior border 

Shafts of middle phalanges of medial 4 digits 

Forearm - deep layer 

Flexes distal phalanges 4 and 5 @ DIPs

Medial Part: ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

Lateral Part: anterior interosseous nerve (from median) (C8, T1) 

Proximal 3/4 of medial and anterior surfaces of ulna and interosseous membrane 

Medial: bases of distal phalanges of 4,5th digits 

Lateral: bases of distal phalanges of 2nd and 3rd digits 

Forearm - deep layer 

Flexes phalanges of 1st digit (thumb)

Anterior Interosseous Nerve - from Median (C8, T1)

Anterior surface of radius and adjacent interosseous membrane 

Base of distal phalanx of thumb 

Forearm - deep layer 

Pronates forearm; deep fibers bind radius and ulna together 

Anterior Interosseous Nerve - Median (C8, T1) 

Distal quarter of anterior surface of ulna 

Distal quarter of anterior surface of radius 

Forearm - posterior superficial 

Relatively weak flexion of forearm; maximal when forearm is in mid-pronated position 

Radial Nerve (C5, C6, C7) 

Proximal 2/3 of supraepicondylar ridge of humerus 

Lateral surface of distal end of radius proximal to styloid process 

Extensor carpi radialis longus 

Forearm - posterior superficial 

Extend, abduct hand @ wrist joint; active during fist clenching 

Radial Nerve (C6,C7)

Lateral supraepicondylar ridge of humerus 

Dorsal aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal 

Forearm - posterior superficial 

Extend and abduct hand @ wrist 

Deep Branch of radial nerve (C7, C8)

Lateral epicondyle of humerus (common flexor origin) 

Dorsal aspect of base of 3rd metacarpal  

Forearm - superficial, posterior 

Extends medial 4 digits pirmarily @ MCPs; secondarily @ IPs

Deep Branch of Radial Nerve (C7, C8)

Lateral epicondyle of humerus (common flexor origin)

Extensor expansions of medial 4 digits 

Forearm - posterior superficial

Extends 5th digit primarily @ MCP, secondarily @ IP joint 

Deep branch of radial nerve (C7, C8)

Lateral epicondyle of humerus (common flexor origin) 

Extensor expansion of 5th digit 

Forearm - posterior superficial

Extends and adducts hand @ wrist joint (also active during fist clenching) 

Deep branch of radial nerve (C7, C8) 

Lateral epicondyle of humerus, posterior border of ulna via shared aponeurosis 

Dorsal aspect of base of 5th metacarpal 

Forearm - posterior, deep layer 

Supinates forearm; rotates radius to turn palm anteriorly or superiorly (if elbow is flexed) 

Deep branch of radial nerve (C7, C8) 

Lateral epicondyle of humerus; radial collateral and anular ligaments; supinator fossa; crest of ulna

Lateral, posterior, and anterior surfaces of proximal 1/3 of radius 

Forearm - posterior, deep layer 

Extends 2nd digit (enabling its independent extension); helps extend hand @ wrist 

Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8), continuation of deep branch of radial nerve 

Posterior surface of distal 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane 

Extensor expansion of 2nd digit 

Forearm - posterior; outcropping muscles of deep layer 

Abducts thumb and extends it @ CMC joint 

Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8) - continuation of deep radial nerve 

Posterior surface of proximal halves of ulna, radius, and interosseous membrane 

Base of 1st metacarpal 

Forearm - posterior, outcropping of deep layer 

Extends distal phalanx of thumb @ IP joint; extends MCP and CMC joints 

Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8) - continuation of deep branch of radial nerve 

Posterior surface of middle 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane 

Dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of thumb

Forearm - posterior, outcropping of deep layer

Extends proximal phalanx of thumb @ MCP; extends CMC

Posterior interosseous Nerve (C7, C8) - continuation of deep branch of radial nerve 

Posterior surface of distal 1/3 of radius and interosseous membrane 

Dorsal aspect of base of proximal phalanx of thumb 

Hand - thenar muscles (OAF)

Opposes thumb - draws 1st metacarpal medially to center of palm and rotates it medially 

Recurrent branch of median nerve (C8, T1) 

Flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium

Lateral side of 1st metacarpal 

Hand - thenar muscles (part of OAF)

Abducts thumb; helps oppose it 

Recurrent branch of median nerve (C8, T1) 

Flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium)

Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Hand - thenar muscles (OAF)

Superficial head: flexes thumb

Deep head: adducts thumb towards lateral border of palm

Superficial head:Recurrent branch of median nerve (C8, T1) 

Deep head: deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1) 

Flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium)

Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Hand - thenar muscles 

Adducts thumb towards lateral border of palm 

Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1) 

Oblique head: bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals, capitate, and adjacent carpals

Transverse head: anterior surface of shaft of 3rd metacarpal 

Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb 

Hand - hypothenar muscles 

Abducts 5th digit; assists in flexion of its proximal phalanx

Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1) 

Pisiform

Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit 

Hand - hypothenar muscles 

Flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit 

Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

Hook of hamate  and flexor retinaculum 

Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit 

Hand - hypothenar muscles 

Draws 5th metacarpal anterior and rotates it, bringing 5th digit into opposition w/ thumb

Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1) 

Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum 

Medial border of 5th metacarpal 

1st and 2nd lumbricals 

Hand - short muscles 

Flex MCPs; extend interphalangeal joints of 2nd, 3rd digits

Median nerve (C8, T1)

Lateral 2 tendons of FDP (as unipennate muscles) 

Lateral sides of extensor expansions of 2nd, 3rd digits 

Hand - short muscles 

Abduct 2nd-4th digits from axial line; act w/ lumbricals in flexing MCPs and extendings IPs 

Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1) 

Adjacent sides of 2 metacarpals (as bipennate muscles)

Bases of proximal phalanges; extensor expansions of 2nd-4th digits 

Hand - short muscles 

Adducts 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits towards axial line; assist lumbricals in flexing MCPs and extending IPs; extensor expansions of 2nd-4th digits 

Palmar surfaces of 2nd, 4th and 5th metacarpals (as unipennate muscles) 

Bases of proximal phalanges; extensor expansions of 2nd, 4th, 5th digits 

Anterior thigh - hip flexors 

Act conjointly in flexing thigh @ hip joint and in stabilizing joint 

Anterior rami of lumbar nerves (L1, L2, L3)

Sides of T12-L5 vertebrae and discs b/w them; transverse processes of all lumbar vertebrae 

Lesser trochanter of femur 

Anterior thigh - hip flexor 

Act w/ psoas major (iliopsoas) in flexing thigh @ hip and in stabilizing joint 

Anterior rami of lumbar nerves (L1, L2)

Sides of T12-L1 vertebrae and intervertebral discs 

Pectineal line, iliopectineal eminence via iliopectineal arch 

Lower leg - anterior compartment 

Dorsiflexes ankle and inverts foot 

Deep fibular nerve (L4, L5) 

Lateral condyle and superior half of lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane

Medial and inferior surfaces of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal 

Lower leg - anterior compartment 

Extends lateral 4 digits and dorsiflexes ankle 

Deep fibular nerve (L4, L5) 

Lateral condyle of tibia and superior 3/4 of medial surface of fibula and interosseous membrane 

Middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits 

Lower leg - anterior compartment 

Extends great toe and dorsiflexes ankle 

Deep fibular nerve (L4, L5) 

Middle part of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane 

Dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of great toe (hallux) 

Lower leg - anterior compartment 

Dorsiflexes ankle and aids in eversion of foot 

Deep fibular nerve (L4, L5) 

Inferior 1/3 of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane 

Dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal 

Lower leg - lateral compartment 

Everts foot and weakly plantarflexes ankle 

Superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1, S2) 

Head and superior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula

Base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform 

Lower leg - lateral compartment 

Everts foot and weakly plantarflexes ankle 

Superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1, S2) 

Inferior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula 

Dorsal surface of tuberosity on lateral side of base of 5th metatarsal 

Lower leg - posterior, superficial

Plantarflexes ankle when knee is extended; raises heel during walking; flexes leg @ knee joint 

Tibial Nerve (S1, S2) 

Lateral head: lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur 

Medial head: popliteal surface of femur; superior to medial condyle 

Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Lower leg - posterior compartment; superficial

Plantarflexes ankle independent of position of knee; steadies leg on foot 

Tibial nerve (S1, S2) 

Posterior aspect of head and superior 1/4 of posterior surface of fibula; soleal line and middle 1/3 of medial border of tibia; tendonous arch extending b/w the bony attachments 

Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Lower leg - posterior compartment; superficial 

Weakly assists gastrocnemius in plantarflexing ankle 

Tibial Nerve (S1,S2) 

Inferior end of lateral supracondylar line of femur; oblique popliteal ligament 

Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon 

Lower leg - posterior compartment; deep muscles 

Weakly flexes knee and unlocks it by rotating femur 5 degrees on fixed tibia; medially rotates tibia of unplanted limb 

Tibial Nerve (L4, L5, S1) 

Lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus 

Posterior surface of tibia, superior to soleal line 

Lower leg - posterior compartment; deep muscles 

Flexes great toe @ all joints; weakly plantarflexes ankle; supports medial longitudinal arch of foot 

Tibial nerve (S2, S3) 

Inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula; inferior part of interosseous membrane 

Base of distal phalanx of great toe (hallux) 

Lower leg - posterior compartment; deep muscles 

Flexes lateral 4 digit ; plantarflexes ankle; supports medial longitudinal arch of foot 

Tibial nerve (S2, S3) 

Medial part of posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line; by a broad tendon to fibula 

Bases of distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits 

Posterior compartment of lower leg - deep muscles 

Plantarflexes ankle; inverts foot 

Tibial nerve (L4, L5) 

Interosseous membrane; posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line; posterior surface of fibula

Tuberosity of navicular, cuneiform, cuboid, and sustentaculum tali of caneus; bases of 2nd, 3rd, and 4th metatarsals 

Foot - 1st layer of sole 

Abducts and flexes 1st digit (hallux) 

Medial plantar nerve (S2,S3)

Medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneous; flexor retinaculum; plantar aponeurosis 

Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit 

Foot - superficial (1st) layer of sole 

Flexes lateral 4 digits 

Medial plantar nerve (S2,S3) 

Medial tubercle of tuberosity or calcaneus; plantar aponeurosis; intermuscular septa 

Both sides of medial phalanges of lateral 4 digits 

Foot - 1st superficial layer of sole 

Abducts and flexes little toe (5th digit)

Lateral Plantar Nerve (S2,S3) 

Medial and lateral tubercles of tuberosity of calcaneus; plantar aponeurosis; intermuscular septa 

Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit 

Foot - 2nd layer of sole 

Assists flexor digitorum longus in flexing lateral 4 digits 

Lateral Plantar Nerve (S2,S3) 

Medial surface and lateral margin of plantar surface of calcaneus 

Posterolateral margin of tendon of flexor digitorum longus 

Foot - 2nd layer of sole 

Flex proximal phalanges; extend middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits 

Medial 1: medial plantar nerve (S2, S3) 

Lateral 3: Lateral plantar nerve (S2,S3)

Tendons of flexor digitorum longus 

Medial aspect of expansion over lateral four digits 

Foot - 3rd layer of sole 

Flexes proximal phalanx of 1st digit 

Medial plantar nerve (S2,S3)

Plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiforms 

Both sides of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit 

Foot - 3rd layer of sole 

Adducts 1st digit; assists in transverse arch of foot by metatarals medially 

Deep branch of lateral plantar nerve (S2,S3) 

Oblique head: bases of 2-4 metatarsals 

Transverse head: plantar ligaments of MTP joints 

Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit 

Foot - 3rd layer of sole 

Flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit, assisting w/ flexion

Superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve (S2,S3)

Base of 5th metatarsal 

Base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit 

Foot - 4th layer (deep) of sole 

Adducts digits 2-4 and flex MTP joints 

Lateral plantar nerve (S2,S3) 

Bases and medial sides of metatarsals 3-5

Medial sides of bases of phalanges 3-5

Foot - 4th (deep) layer of sole 

Abducts digits 2-4 and flexes MTP jionts 

Lateral plantar nerve (S2,S3)

Adjacent sides of metatarsals 1-5

1st: medial side of proximal phalanx of 2nd digit 

2nd-4th: lateral sides of 2nd-4th digits 

Dorsum of foot 

Aids the extensor digitorum longus in extending the 4 medial toes @ MTP and IP joints 

Deep fibular nerve (L5 or S1, or both )

Calcaneus (floor of tarsal sinus): interosseous talocalcaneal ligament; stem of inferior extensor retinaculum 

Long extensor tendons of 4 medial digits (toes 2-4)

Dorsum of foot 

Aids the extensor hallucis longus in extending the great toe @ MTP joint 

Deep fibular nerve (L5 or S1, or both) 

Calcaneus (floor of tarsal sinus): interosseous talocalcaneal ligament; stem of inferior extensor retinaculum