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Muscle test review
Vocab and muscles
55
Physiology
10th Grade
11/11/2012

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Term
Tendon
Definition
attaches a bone to a muscle
Term
Fasicle
Definition
a small bundle or cluster, especially of nerve, tendon, or muscle fibers.
Term
Epimysium
Definition
The 1st layer of the muscle
Term
perimysium
Definition
2nd layer of the muscles covering the muscle fasicles
Term
Myofibril
Definition
smaller than the muscle fiber
Term
Thick Filament
Definition
Myosin
Term
Thin Filament
Definition
Actin
Term
NMJ
Definition
Neuromuscular Junction
Term
Sarcomere
Definition
Actin and myosin are organized into repeating units known as NMJ
Term
Cross-bridges
Definition
Myosin heads when they link thin and thick filaments together during a contraction
Term
Sliding Filament theory
Definition
Action potential is sent to stimulate muscle contractions
Term
Acetylecholine
Definition
Neurotransmitter that stimulates skeletal muscles
Term
Rigor Mortis
Definition
The muscle stiffens after death because it runs out of ATP or Calcium
Term
All-or-none principle
Definition
The muscle is either contracting or is relaxed
Term
Myogram
Definition
Tension development in various muscles during a twitch contraction
Term
Muscle Tone
Definition
Muscles are always contracted
Term
Isotonic
Definition
The muscle moves
Term
Isometric
Definition
There is no movement in the muscle
Term
ATP
Definition
1st source of energy
Term
Creatine Phosphate
Definition
Energy reserve stored in muscles
Term
Anerobic
Definition
Energy without O2
Term
Aerobic
Definition
Energy with sugar and O2
Term
Lactic acid
Definition
Muscle Fatigue
Term
Fatigue
Definition
weariness from bodily or mental exertion
Term
Hypertrophy
Definition
Enlargement of the muscles
Term
Atrophy
Definition
The Muscle reduces in size
Term
Convergent muscle
Definition
Muscle Fibers come together to a common point
Term
Parallel Muscle
Definition
The muscle fibers are parallel to the long-bone
Term
Orgin
Definition
Doesn't move
Term
insertion
Definition
Moves
Term
Synergist
Definition
Helps prime movers by producing some movement or by reducing undesirable movements
Term
Antagonist
Definition
Oppose and reverses
Term
Pectoral Girdile
Definition
A bony or cartilaginous structure in vertebrates, attached to and supporting the forelimbs
Term
Trapezius
Definition
Orgin: Occipital and Vertebre
Insertion: Clavicle and Scapula
Action: Elevates, retracts, depress, or rotates scapula
Term
Glueteus Maximus
Definition
Orgin: Illium, sacrum, coccyx
Insertion: Femur
Action: Extends thigh
Term
gastrochnemius
Definition
Orgin: Femur and Condyles
Insertion: Calcaneous
Action: Plantar Flexes, and Flexes Knee
Term
Soleus
Definition
Orgin: Fibula to Tibia
Insertion: Calcaneous
Action: Plantar flexes
Term
Hamstring group:
biceps femoris, semitendinosus and semimembranosus
Definition
Orgin: Hip
Insertion: Tibia
Action: Flexes Knee
Term
Deltoid
Definition
Orgin: Clavicle and Scapula
Insertion: Humerus
Action: Abducts Humerus
Term
Teres Major
Definition
Orgin Scapula
Insertion: Humerus
Action: Adducts the Humerus, posterior abducts humerus
Term
Tricep Brachii
Definition
Orgin: Scapula
Insertion: Radius
Action: Flexes and supinates forearm
Term
Latissimus Dorsi
Definition
Orgin: Spine and ribs
Insertion: Humerus
Action: (Pull from above), abducts, and rotates humerus
Term
Vastus Lateralis
Definition
Orgin: Femur
Insertion: Tibia
Action: Extends Knee
Term
Sartorius
Definition
Orgin: Front and above iliac spine
Insertion: Surface of Tibia
Action: Flexes Knee and extends it
Term
Abductor group
Brevis, Longus, and Magnus
Definition
Orgin: Pubis
Insertion: Femur
Action: Adducts thigh
Term
Rectus Abdominis
Definition
Orgin: Pubis
Insertion: Ribs and Xiaphoid Process
Term
Brachialis
Definition
Orgin: Humerus
Insertion: Ulna
Action: Flexes Elbow
Term
Sternocleidomastoid
Definition
Orgin: Clavicle and Sternum
Insertion: Skull
Action: Flexes neck
Term
Pectoralis Major
Definition
Orgin: Ribs, Sternum, and Clavicle
Insertion: humerus
Action: Flexes, adducts, and rotates humerus
Term
Biceps Brachii
Definition
Orgin: Scapula
Insertion: Tuberosity of Radius
Action: Flexes and Supinates elbow
Term
External Oblique
Definition
Orgin: Lower Ribs
Insertion: Illium
Action: Flexion
Term
Gracilis
Definition
Orgin: Pubis
Insertion: Tibia
Action:Flexes Knee, Adducts thigh
Term
Rectus Femoralis
Definition
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Term
Vastus Medialis
Definition
Orgin: Femur
Insertion: Tibia
Action: Extends Knee
Term
Tibialis Anterior
Definition
Orgin: Tibia and FIbula
Insertion: Tarsals and Metatarsals
Action: Dorsiflexion
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