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MTCE 5
MTCE 5
50
Biochemistry
Graduate
06/15/2011

Additional Biochemistry Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Blastoconidia
Definition
yeast buds, asexual
Term
Toxoplasma gondii
Definition
parasite which causes illness, preventable by cooking meat, and washing hands after handling cat excrement
Term
necator americanus
Definition
parasite known as "hookworm," preventable by sanitarily disposing of human waste
Term
enterobius vermicularis
Definition
pinworm, preventable through good hygenic practices
Term
trichinella spiralis
Definition
causes illness, preventable by cooking pork and game meats thouroughly
Term
chagas' disease
Definition
caused by trypanosoma cruzi, transmitted through vectors of the reduviid bug family
Term
plasmoidum vivax
Definition
parasite responsible for malaria
Term
loa loa
Definition
parasitic worm transmitted through the horsefly, and the mango and deer flies
Term
babesia sp.
Definition
parasite which causes fever, anemia, or sudden cardiac death, transmitted by the deer tick
Term
elephantiasis
Definition
EA: roundworm (W.bancrofti, B. malayi)
Term
katayama fever [schistosomiasis]
Definition
EA: blood fluke, members of the schistosoma family
Term
sarcoptes scabiei
Definition
EA of an itchy skin condition with an apt name
Term
isospora belli
Definition
EA of an intestinal infectious disease
Term
entero-test
Definition
after stool sample examination, a string is attached to a gelatin capsule which is then swallowed. It is retrieved four hours later, after which the mucus on the string is analyzed microscopically
Term
enterobiasis tape test
Definition
while the patient sleeps, the apt tool is used to retrieve a sample from around the anus, it is then touched to a slide, and analyzed for the eggs or bodies of the related organism. Often it must be done three times in a row.
Term
Mebendazole
Definition
treatment for roundworms, hookworms, pinworms, and whipworms
Term
helminth
Definition
a species of parasitic worms that live in human intestines, and can be picked up from any surface, or food particle through the mouth, nose or anus.
Term
prevention, detection, and treatment of helminth infection
Definition
detected through fecal examination, keep kitchen clean, thoroughly cook meats, treated with vermifuges, wash hands frequently
Term
phosphoresecence
Definition
substance absorbs radiation, stores it, and slowly releases it as light due to the electron returning to its base energy state
Term
fluorescence
Definition
substance absorbs energy, and immediately releases it as light due to the dropping of the electron to its base energy state (longer wavelength)
Term
bioluminescence
Definition
oxygen reacts with luciferin via luciferase to cause a chemical reaction that raises an electron to an excited state, then light is released as it falls back
Term
geometric mean
Definition
add all the logarithms together, divide by the quantity of numbers, then take the antilog
Term
accuracy
Definition
the ability of a test to obtain a true value
Term
random error
Definition
any departure from a true value, often unavoidable
Term
precision
Definition
the ability of a test to be reproduced
Term
standard deviation
Definition
value that estimates random errors, quantifies the digression of the results from the mean value
Term
variance
Definition
the square of the amount which the values digress from the mean: typically shows distribution of the values around the mean
Term
standard
Definition
a material high in purity, and with well known composition, and chemical and physical properties, used to compare to retrieved samples
Term
ketone bodies
Definition
particles containing the general composition R-C(=O)-R.
Term
ketogenesis
Definition
the production of the related group in response to sparce digestible carbohydrates in one's system
Term
globulins
Definition
a class of protein found in the blood stream that are insoluble in water and half-saturated ammonium solution
Term
globulin classes
Definition
alpha 1, alpha 2, beta, and gamma determined based on their motility in a pH 8.6 electrophoresis medium
Term
plasma phosphates
Definition
inorganic molecules that have an inverse relationship with plasma calcium
Term
calcitonin
Definition
reacts to elevated levels of the related ion in serum: if too high, it will keep bones from reabsorbing it, and keep it from being released into the blood stream
Term
standard bicarbonate
Definition
concentration of related molecule in blood. Taken at CO2 pp = 40 torr, and fully oxygenated at 37 C
Term
total CO2
Definition
the sum of the bicarbonate and dissolved related molecule in plasma. A measure of the concentration of all compounds containing these two molecules
Term
duffy blood group system
Definition
a group of RBC antigens that are characterised by their reaction to anti-Fya serum
Term
duffy phenotypes
Definition
a (+,+,-) b (+,-,+); whites are commonly positive, blacks are commonly negative, which helps them protect against malaria
Term
Kell blood group system
Definition
RBC antigens composed of K, k, Kp(a,b)
Term
chronic granulomatous disease
Definition
someone with a knull phenotype (having none of the Kell blood group antigens), incapable of fighting bacterial and viral infections
Term
basophil
Definition
type of granulocyte which is stained black by the related pH, and play a role in allergic reactions, including inflammation
Term
Neutrophil
Definition
granulocyte which stains a pale lilac when treated with the related pH, and protects against microorganism infection
Term
eosinophil
Definition
stains red when treated with the related pH and protects against parasitic infection
Term
erythropoietin
Definition
hormone responsible for red blood cell production
Term
Howell-Jolly bodies
Definition
DNA remnants found in the red blood cells of patients with a damaged or missing spleen
Term
heinz bodies
Definition
aggregates of denatured hemoglobin found as spots in RBCs
Term
schistocytes
Definition
rbc fragments with abnormal shapes: indicitive of hemolysis or damage to small blood vessels
Term
bart's hemoglobin
Definition
four gamma chains, rather than two alpha and two beta
Term
methemoglobin
Definition
the related iron is oxidized from ferrous to ferric
Term
carboxyhemoglobin
Definition
has the related group added to the iron
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