Term
What was the Council of Basel-Ferrara-Florence?
What 4 points did the parties disagree
How were these resolved?
Were the Council's goals ultimately achieved? |
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Definition
-initially meant to deal with problems of heresy on central Europe and was refocused to uniting the western and eastern churches
- Filioque, Greeks used leavened bread Latinos used unleavened bread for the Eucharist, Purgatory, Primacy of the Roman See over the whole Church of Christ
-Pope formed commissions
-ultimately yes they were but only on paper |
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Term
When and why did Constantinople fall?
Why was this significant? |
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Definition
-May 29, 1453 Constantinople fell to the Turkish troops
-Solidified the split between the Western and Eastern churches |
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Term
Why were the Italian city-states so significant?
What facilitated their growth? |
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Definition
-When Constantinople fell trade shifted from them to the Italian city-states
-Italian ports became even greater centers of ideas from areas outside of Christendom |
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Term
What were the basic tenets of humanism?
What did humanists "revive"?
To what outlook did this lead? |
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Definition
-demotes a certain general mood and intelletual climate which focuses on the richness of the human spirit over the almost exclusive theological focus of the Medieval era
-Revived the study of the many texts of the great authors of Rome
-A worldly outlook devoid of a true Catholic sentiment |
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Term
Who was Dante?
What did he write?
Who was Machiavelli?
What did he write?
Why was his work so significant? |
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Definition
-An author
-Divine Comedy
-One of the founders of modern political thought
-The Prince
-It was a treatise presenting a radical development of the classical political ideas of justice, clemency, and magnanimity |
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Term
What was the focus in Renaissance art?
Name some of the most well-known Renaissance artists. |
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Definition
-Observation of the medieval and the study of the natural world
-Michelangelo and Raphael Sanzro |
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Term
| How did humanism in the North differ from that found in Southern Europe? |
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Definition
| Northern Europe didn't see a significant change of economy, social life, or education and it remarkably remained the same |
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Term
What were the stereotypical characteristics of Renaissance Popes?
Did all Popes fit that mold?
Describe and explain the significance of Nicholas V, Alexander VI, and Julius II. |
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Definition
-Lived more like worldly princes than men called to reflect the holiness of Christ's vicar
-Not all of them
-Nicholas – founded the vatican library
-Alexander - tried to unify Italy
-Julius - established the first Bishoprics in the New World |
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