Term
| name some of the components of the inflammatory soup |
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Definition
H+ = extracellular protein
BK= Bradykining
NGF= Nerve Growth Factor
ROS = Reactive oxygen
species |
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Term
| how to induce nociceptor pain? non-nociceptor pain? |
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Definition
nociceptor: tissue injury or visceral injury (pain response dependent on RECEPTORS)
non: actual injury to nerve; sympathetic injury |
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Term
| chief differences w/n noci pain |
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Definition
| if its somatic, its localized, pretty good response to opiods; visceral not localized, dull crampy pain, very good response to opiods |
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Term
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Definition
a region of the brain which can be can control the output of processed signals. it can interpret the perception of pain and if it is overwhelmed, it can shut down outbound pain signaling to quiet response (kind of like shock)
this can only last for so long bc when rebounding occurs, the threshold for pain is lower and this is how people who have been injured can experience chronic pain |
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Term
| elements of sympathetic pain |
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Definition
Constant burning
Allodynic pain/Allodynia (e.g. pain with simple touch)
Sudomotor/vasomotor changes
Edema
Coldness of the affected area
rare in pts with cancer |
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Term
| adverse effects of opiods |
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Definition
Respiratory depression
Nausea
Urinary retention
Pruritis
Constipation
Addiction |
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Term
| indications for surgical intervention for pain symptoms |
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Definition
Motor deficits
Bowel bladder symptoms
Progressive sensory deficit
Failed injection treatments |
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Term
| which tracts of the spinal cord transit pain? |
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Definition
the spinothalmic tract (sensory tracts)
Lesion will lead to pain and temperature sensation contralaterally below the level of the lesion
runs adjacent with corticospinal tract |
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Term
| key muscle groups of the upper limb and the spinal nerve level |
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Definition
C5- Elbow Flexion
C6- Wrist Extension
C7- Elbow Extension
C8- Finger Flexion
T1- Small Finger Abduction |
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Term
| key muscle groups of the lower limb and the spinal nerve level |
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Definition
L2- Hip Flexion
L3- Knee Extension
L4- Ankle Dorsiflexion
L5- Great Toe Extension
S1- Ankle Plantar Flexion |
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Term
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Definition
0= No Movement
1= Trace movement
2= Movement with gravity eliminated
3= Antigravity
4= Movement against some resistance
5= Movement against full resistance |
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Term
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Definition
A- Complete- no motor or sensory function in segments S4-5
B- Sensory Incomplete
C- Motor Incomplete- majority of key muscles with strength of <3/5 below level of injury
D- Motor Incomplete- majority of key muscles with strength of >3/5 below level of injury
E- Normal motor and sensory function |
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Term
| which level of a complete SCI do you lose all functions of extremities |
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Definition
| injuries in C1-C4, there may be some head and shoulder movement, likely ventilator dependent (C4 might be able to be weaned off eventually) |
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Term
| functions gained with a C5 SCI? |
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Definition
| elbow flexion, Shoulder flexion/extension, Scapular abduction/ adduction |
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Term
| functions gained with a C6 SCI? |
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Definition
wrist extensors (extensor carpi radialis longus)
Other muscle groups:
Supinator
Pronator teres
Latissimus dorsi |
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Term
| functions gained with a C7 SCI? |
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Definition
Triceps/ Elbow Extension
Other muscle groups involved- finger extension |
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Term
| how can an L2 paraplegic ambulate? |
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Definition
they have fxn of hip flexors and SOME knee extensors
can ambulate with a KAFO |
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Term
| how can an L3 paraplegic ambulate? |
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Definition
they have fxn of hip flexors and knee extensors
can ambulate with a AFO |
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Term
| how is hypothermia postulated to benefit patient's with SCI? |
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Definition
| by lowering a patient's core temperature to 33-34 degrees, one minimizes the metabolic demand needed to perform the inflammatory cascade; minimize edema |
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