Term
| what ligaments prevent hyper-flexion/extension |
|
Definition
| the ACL prevents hyperextension, the PCL prevents hyperflexion |
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Term
| which way does the fibular head move during pronation? |
|
Definition
anteriorally
ALSO includes , dorsiflexion, eversion and external rotation) of the foot ,
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|
|
Term
which way does the fibular head move during supination?
|
|
Definition
posteriorly
also includes plantarflexion, inversion and internal rotation of FOOT
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Term
| what results from a decreased Q angle? increased Q angle? |
|
Definition
decreased: genuvarum/bowleggedness
increased: genovalgum |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| injury to ACL, MCL and medial meniscus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
an overuse injury (tibial apophysitis)
overuse of quads pulls on tibial tuberosity |
|
|
Term
| developmental dysplasia of hip (DDH) or congenital hip dislocation (CHD) |
|
Definition
abnormal growth and formation of hip, the capital epiphysis is usually hypoplastic
dx'd at birth, breech positioning, ortlani manuever is a therapy |
|
|
Term
| legg-calve-perthes disease |
|
Definition
| form of vascular necrosis, blood supply to capital femoral epiphysis is interupted |
|
|
Term
| slipped capital femoris epiphysis |
|
Definition
fracture through the proximal epiphysis, inferior migration of the head
boys > girls
has to be pinned |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
iliopsoas bursitis/tendonitis
thomas test will detect |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| sensory nervous system tells the CNS that the muscle is overstretched and there is a positive feedback loop |
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Term
| which lateral ligament is usually the first to be injured? |
|
Definition
the Anterior TaloFibular
ATF, always torn first |
|
|
Term
| what is dorsiflexion of the foot accompanied by? |
|
Definition
abduction and pronation
lateral mallelous posterior
fibial head anteriorly
eversion |
|
|
Term
what is plantar flexion of the foot accompanied by?
|
|
Definition
adduction and supination
lateral mallelous anteriorly
fibial head posteriorly
inversion |
|
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Term
| components of the tarsal arch and what is the keystone for the tarsal arch? |
|
Definition
the navicular, cuboid, and all the cuniforms
the second cuniform |
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Term
what bones make up the medial arch of foot?
what is the keystone? |
|
Definition
1.Calcaneus, Talus, Navicular, All Cuneiforms, 1st 3 Metatarsal. the keystone is the navicular
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Term
| what bones make up the lateral arch of the foot? what is the keystone |
|
Definition
1.Calcaneus, Cuboid, 4th & 5th Metatarsal. the keystone is the cuboid |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| dropped longitudinal arch, flat footedness |
|
|
Term
| describe talipes equinovarus |
|
Definition
| clubfoot; foot is in plantar flexion and adducted and inverted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Z-foot, serpentine foot
foot makes a convexity with forefoot adducted, calcaneus valgus, and midfoot varus |
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Term
| mechanism of injury for a lisfranc's joint? |
|
Definition
this joint is the main axis for plantar flexion and dorsiflexion. if it is put into extreme plantar flex with a load can fracture it
its purpose it to promote energy dissipitation |
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Term
| what is the grading of ankle sprains? |
|
Definition
grade 1: stretching of ATF and CF
grade 2: tearing of ATF and stretch of CF
grade 3: rupture of ATF and CF and tear of PTF |
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Term
| one way to test for an ATF tear of ankle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
one way to test for an CF tear of ankle?
|
|
Definition
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Term
| what is the ottawa ankle and foot test? |
|
Definition
radiographic study is needed if:
pain in the malleolar zone
AND
bone tenderness at tip of lat. malleolus
or
bone tenderness at tip of med. malleolus
pain in mid-foot zone
AND
tenderness at base of 5th metatarsal
or
tenderness of navicular
following these rules would save billions on x-rays |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
flexion, femoral
extension, inf. gluteal
abduction, sup. gluteal
adduction, obturator |
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|
Term
| what makes up pes anserine? |
|
Definition
| sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus |
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