gross motor: throws a ball, jumps

Fine motor: copies circle

Language: names 4 pictures 75% speech understood

Personal social: washes, dries hands

Gross motor: runs, climbs stairs

Fine motor: stacks 6 blocks

Language: 2 word sentences 50% of speech understood

Personal/social: uses spoon- fork emerging indepdence

Gross motor: hops

FIne motor: copies cross

Language: knows 4 actions 100% of speech understood

Personal/social: dresses, no help

gross motor: balances each foot 5 seconds

fine motor: copies square

language: counts 5 blocks

Personal/social: brushes teeth

gross motor: lifts headprone

fine motor: traks

language: responds to voice

personal/social: regards face

gross motor: sits without support

fine motor: reaches gets transfers

language: babbles

personal/social: feeds self with fingers

gross motor: cruises (crawls)

fine motor: pincer grasp

Language: dada, mama, nonspecific

personal/social: strange anxiety lasts until 3 years old

gross: walks

Fine: scribbles

Language: dada, mama, specific

personal social: drinks from cup

 birth weight double in...

triple in....

4-6 months

triple by 1 year

non blanching means blood in skin

- s. aureus

- s. pyogenes

-s. pneumoniae

- Hib

Generalized maculopapular rash usually viral

12 to 18 months

depressed = dehydration

bulging = increased ICP

s. pneumoniae

Heomphilus influezeae

Moraxella catarrhalis

erythema and bulging of middle ear (shows that under pressure)

use insuflator if tympanic membrane does NOT move that means there is pressure and a bacterial infection

redness of the membrane alone is not sufficient for the diagonsis of otitis media

pinna protrudes forward when looking from the front

tender to touch

Maxillary - ethmoid present at birth

Sphenoid 5 years old

Frontal not aerated until 9 - 10 year old

S. pyogenes

N. gonorrhea

EBV

adenovirus

all indistinguishable by physical exam

abrupt onset fever, toxicity

upper airway obstruction

HiB

Foreign body

Croup

Tracheal compression

- bronchiolitis (RSV)

- Asthma

- CHF

- chlamydia trachomatis

< 6 months, afebrile, staccato cough

Bordatella pertussis

< 6 months, paroxysmal cough, cyanosis

S. pneumoniae

focal, high fever, increased WBC with L shift

Mycoplasma pneumonia

>3 years, hackign cough, headache, sore throat malaise

Viral - all respiratory viruses

<2 years, +/- fever, bilateral, often hypoxemic

- Duodenal atresia - newborn (1st 24 hrs), xray double bubble sign

- Pyloric stenosis - early infancy (2-3 months), projectile vomitting after every feed, metabolic alkalosis, feel mass in epigastrium

Meconium peritonitis: newborn, perforation due to meconium ileus

Midgut volvulus: malrotation causes bilious vomit

Intussusception (2 years old)

Colicky pain

Currant jelly stool

Often idiopathic in toddler

reduce with barium enema or air contrast

wilm's tumor

neuroblastoma

non-Hodgkins lymphoma

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

21 hydroxylase deficiency

usually pathologic

adrenal or gonadal tumor

normal variation in early puberty

regresses sponteanously

threatment only if psych impact severe

genu varum vs genu valgus

normal? or not?

Genu varum (bow legs) normal for infants and toddlers

Genu verum (knock Knees) normal 3 to 6 to 7

usually correct spontaneously

1-4 joints invovled

most common cause septic

(s. aureus, or s. pyogenes, s. pneumonia, HiB

s. aureus

refusal to bear weight, decreased ROM

salmonella most common in sickle cell

abduction, adduction and cry

asymmetry can be an indication of cerebral palsy

head and shoulders up by...

Sit by...

Stand by..

head and shoulders up by... 3 months

sit by ... 6 months

stand by... 12 months

hands to midline by...

reach and grasp....

fine pincer grasp...

hands to midline by...3 months

reach and grasp by... 6 months

fine pincer grasp by...12 months

middle adolescence

15-17