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Mrs.Rowland's World History Terms
n/a
42
History
9th Grade
10/06/2010

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Term
amnesty
Definition
giving freedom to a prisoner, typically for a political infraction
Term
allocation
Definition
the distribution of resources based on certain requirements, mainly need
Term
caste
Definition
the Hindu hierarchial social system that once established one's
Term
amendment
Definition
Any agreed upon change made to an official document.
Term
anarchy
Definition
Absence of any form of political authority. A state of lawlessness, confusion, and disorder (usually resulting from a failure of government.)
Term
apartheid
Definition
racial segregation; specifically : a former policy of segregation and political and economic discrimination against non-European groups in the Republic of South Africa
Term
appeasement
Definition
pacify, conciliate; especially: to buy off (an aggressor) by concessions usually at the sacrifice of principles
Term
arbitration
Definition
settlement of a dispute by the decision of a judge, umpire or committee.
Term
aristocracy
Definition
by the best individuals or by a small privileged class
Term
autocracy
Definition
government in which one person possesses unlimited power
Term
bias
Definition
an unfair act or policy resulting from prejudice.
Term
bigotry
Definition
intolerance and prejudice; obstinate and unreasoning attachment to one's own belief and opinions, with narrow-minded intolerance of beliefs opposed to them
Term
bipartisan
Definition
supported by members of two parties, especially two major political parties
Term
brinkmanship
Definition
the art or practice of pushing a dangerous situation or confrontation to the limit of safety especially to force a desired outcome
Term
bureaucracy
Definition
a : a body of nonelective government officials b : an administrative policy-making group
Term
capitalism
Definition
an economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods, by investments that are determined by private decision, and by prices, production, and the distribution of goods that are determined mainly by competition in a free market
Term
citizenship
Definition
1 : the status of being a citizen 2 a : membership in a community (as a college) b : the quality of an individual's response to membership in a community
Term
civil liberties
Definition
freedom from arbitrary governmental interference (as with the right of free speech) specifically by denial of governmental power and in the United States especially as guaranteed by the Bill of Rights.
Term
Class
Definition
a group sharing the same economic or social status b : social rank; especially : high social rank
Term
coalition
Definition
a temporary alliance of distinct parties, persons, or states for joint action, or a union of some kind.
Term
colonialism
Definition
the system in which a territory is controlled by people from another land.
Term
Communism
Definition
form of socialism advocated by Karl Marx; according to Marx, class struggle was inevitable and would lead to the creation of a classless society in which all wealth and property would be owned by the community as a whole.
Term
Consensus
Definition
a point reached in a negotiation where a general agreement of all or most of the people consulted is achieved
Term
Conservatism
Definition
the disposition to preserve or restore what is established and traditional and to limit change.
Term
constitution
Definition
document that limits a government’s power by law.
Term
corporation
Definition
an organization of people legally bound together by a charter to conduct some type of business.
Term
culture
Definition
the values, beliefs and perceptions of the world that are learned and are shared by members of a community or society, and which they use to interpret experience and to generate behavior, and that are reflected in their own behavior.
Term
demagogue
Definition
A leader who obtains power by means of impassioned appeals to the emotions and prejudices of the populace. 2. A leader of the common people in ancient times.
Term
democracy
Definition
by the people, exercised either directly or through elected representatives. 2. A political or social unit that has such a government
Term
despot
Definition
autocrat who leads his/her country exclusively; dictator, tyrant
Term
Developing nation
Definition
Term
Detente
Definition
the relaxing of tensions between countries through negotiations and agreements.
Term
Deterrent
Definition
something that serves to restrain another from doing something.
Term
Dictator
Definition
ruler who has complete control over a government; in ancient Rome, a leader appointed to rule for six months in times of emergency.
Term
Discrimination
Definition
unequal treatment or barriers
Term
Disfranchisement
Definition
to deprive (a person) of a right of citizenship, as of the right to vote
Term
economic systems
Definition
the management of the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, or the material welfare of humankind.
Term
elitism
Definition
the feeling of superiority of the upper class or favored group.
Term
era
Definition
a period of time in history.
Term
ethics
Definition
standards of right and wrong; morals.
Term
ethnic cleansing
Definition
the killing or forcible removal of people of different ethnicities from an area by aggressors so that only the ethnic group of the aggressors remains.
Term
ethnocentrism
Definition
1. Sociology. the belief in the inherent superiority of one's own ethnic group or culture. 2. a tendency to view alien groups or cultures from the perspective of one's own.
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