Term
| How did the water frame revolutionize the production of cloth? |
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Definition
| It could spin dozens of cotton threads at once. |
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Term
During the War of 1812, which American patriot said
" To be independant for the comforts of life we must fabricate [make] them ourselves "? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was Eli Whitney's influence on American manufacturing? |
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Definition
| He invented interchangeable parts. |
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Term
| Why were changes to manufacturing needed in the mid-1700s? |
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Definition
| Great Britian changed, leading to a greater demand in manufactured goods. |
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Term
| What was one argument given by Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin about why there were so few factories in the United States? |
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Definition
| Superior attractions of agricultural pursuits ( farming ). |
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Term
| Who was the man responsible for bringing new textile machines to the United States? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why were more American textile mills built in the North than in the South? |
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Definition
| Southern investors were more focused on farming. |
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Term
| In the mid-1800s, most of America's industry was located in the |
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Definition
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Term
| The Tools to produce items or to do work are known as |
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Definition
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Term
| How did the War of 1812 help American manufacturing? |
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Definition
| Use of guns with interchangable parts |
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Term
| The Industrial Revolution is best defined as |
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Definition
| A period of rapid growth in manufacuring and production that began in the 1700s. |
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Term
" I am persuaded that machinery moved by water [ and ] adapted to this bussiness would greatly reduce the labor and facilitate [ speed ] the manufacture of this article."
- Eli Whitney, quoted in Technology in America,
edited by Caroll W. Pursell
What was Eli Whitney's purpose for making this statement? |
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Definition
| Supporting the idea of using boats to transport goods. |
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Term
| The " Rhode Island System " was Samuel Slater's strategy of |
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Definition
| dividing work into simple tasks |
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Term
| Why were most early strikes by union members unsuccesfull? |
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Definition
| Courts and Police supported companies, not unions. |
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Term
| What did textile manufacturers do to keep the costs of running a mill low? |
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Definition
| They hired entire families |
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Term
| For how long would a typical " Lowell girl " stay at the mills? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A group that tried to improve pay and working conditions |
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Term
| What happened to workers in the textile industry as a result of Francis Cabot Lowell's introduction of a new system? |
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Definition
| Their arms and hands became scratched and swollen. |
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Term
| Workers suffered from health problems, such as chronic cough, due to unsafe conditions. Specifically, what were these coditions? |
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Definition
| Hot, stuffy rooms; dirty air |
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Term
| The Transportation Revolution can be best described as |
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Definition
| A period of rapid growth in the speed and convenience of travel because of new methods in transportation. |
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Term
| What main benefit did the Transportation Revolution bring to trade? |
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Definition
| Reducing shipping time and costs |
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Term
| What two new forms of transportation were invented during the Transportation Revolution? |
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Definition
| Steamboat and Steam powered trains |
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Term
| What was Robert Fulton's first full-sized commercial steamboat called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the supreme court case Gibbons v. Odgen about? |
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Definition
| The federal government's authority to regulate trade between the states by ending monopolistic control over waterways in several states. |
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Term
| Steel is made through a process called Smelting, which means |
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Definition
| heating iron ore to very high temperatures. |
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Term
| What challenges did engineers and mechanics face while building railroads? |
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Definition
| Steep mountains, tight curves, and swift rivers. |
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Term
| Why did locomotives make a powerful impression on passengers? |
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Definition
| Trains were the fastest form of transportation they had ever seen. |
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Term
| What was the Tom Thumb and why was it significant? |
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Definition
| A locomotive that proved that even a small steam engine is very powerfull. |
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Term
| What did the Supreme Court decide in the case of Gibbons V. Odgen? |
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Definition
| They decided that the federal government has the authority to regulate trade between the states by ending monopolistic control over waterways in several states. |
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Term
| Why was coal a more appealling fuel source than wood? |
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Definition
| A half ton of coal produces as much energy as 2 tons of wood. |
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Term
| Why was the steamboat well suited to river travel? |
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Definition
| It could move upstream and didn't need wind. |
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Term
| How did the Transportation Revolution affect America's farming idustry? |
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Definition
| It spread farming to the midwest. |
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Term
| How, according to french writer Alexis de Tocqueville, did the contributions made by the Industrial Revolution improve American lafe? |
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Definition
| They made it more comfortable and convenient. |
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Term
| The Telegraph was invented several years before it went into operation. What was the reason for the delay? |
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Definition
| People doubted that it worked. |
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Term
| Why did companies build their factories closer to cities and transportation centers in the mid-1800s? |
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Definition
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Term
| In the mid-1800s, companies began to mass-produce earlier inventions. How did this effect families? |
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Definition
| It made things more affordable. |
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Term
| What communication system, featuring different combinations of dots and dashes to reoresent letters, was develloped by Alfred Lewis Vail? |
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Definition
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Term
| How did the inventions of the plow and the reaper help the farming industry? |
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Definition
| Harvesting grain, ploughing thick soil, and cutting sod became easier. |
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Term
| By 1860, Isaac Singer's company was the world's largest maker of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why was the telegraph significant? |
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Definition
| It allowed you to quickly send messages over long distances. |
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Term
| What did John Deere come up with the idea of? |
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Definition
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Term
| How did techological developments during the Industrial Revolution enable people to build factories almost anywhere? |
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Definition
| With steam power, you didn't need a river to build your factory on. |
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Term
| Who invented the Mechanical Reaper? |
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Definition
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