Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Most Commons and Things I don't know
Clinical Medicine Module 5
86
Medical
Graduate
07/27/2009

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
How far must intra-articular fx be displaced to be a candidate for sx?
Definition
2 mm. 1mm for distal radial fx
Term
What is the most common method of injury causing a distal phalanx fx?
Definition
crush injury
Term
What is the most common hand fx?
Definition
boxer's fx
Term
What is a bennett's fx?
Definition
*intra-articular* fx/dislocation of base of 1st metacarpal. sm fragment of 1st metacarpal cont to articulate w/trapezium. tx: sx.
Term
2 punching fx's
Definition
boxer's and bennett's
Term
Most commonly injured carpal bone; common in what population?
Definition
scaphoid: young males
Term
PE: snuffbox tenderness
Definition
scaphoid fx
Term
Most common elbow fx in children btwn age 2-12?
Definition
supracondylar
Term
What type of elbow fx commonly involves nn damage? which n is most common?
Definition
extension. radial.
Term
x-ray views for elbow
Definition
lateral oblique ap. fat pad sign
Term
When should a shoulder series x-ray include axillary view?
Definition
proximal humerus fx
Term
How are most humerus fx tx?
Definition
immobilization
Term
4 types of proximal humerus fxs
Definition
1: head. 2: greater tubercle. 3. lesser tubercle. 4. shaft
Term
Most common bony injury
Definition
Term
What is the most common bony injury?
Definition
middle third clavicle
Term
What is one of the hardest bones to break?
Definition
shaft of femur
Term
What is the usual cause of patella fx?
Definition
indirect force
Term
What is the most common tibial fx?
Definition
tibial shaft fx
Term
With what type of force are tibial injuries usually associated?
Definition
direct
Term
3 tibia fx and how you tx
Definition
intraarticular: plateau or plafond: sx. long leg cast for shaft
Term
What is a jones fx?
Definition
at the base of the 5th metatarsal. if not immobilized correctly, non-union is high.
Term
How many cervical vertebrae, nn?
Definition
8 nn, 7 vertebrae
Term
Most cervical disc syndromes occur where?
Definition
c5 and c6
Term
What is the end result of cervical disc space narrowing?
Definition
cervical spondylosis
Term
Spurling’s test
Definition
is the reproduction of the patient's nerve symptoms by movements of the neck. It is performed by extending the neck, rotating the head, and then applying downward pressure on the head. The test is considered positive if pain radiates into the limb ipsilateral to the side that the head is rotated to.
Term
hangman's fx
Definition
ant subluxation of c2 on c3
Term
Drugs that cause torticollis
Definition
phenothiazine: chlorpromazine, prochlorperazine
Term
nexus criteria for cervical spine radiography
Definition
no post midline c-spine tenderness. no evidence of intoxication or drugs. nml level of consciousness. no focal neuro deficits. no painful distracting injuries.
Term
canadian c-spine rule
Definition
any high risk factors that mandate radiography? an low-risk factors that allow safe assessment of rom? pt actively rotate neck 45 deg to l and r?
Term
most common cause of structural scoliosis
Definition
idiopathic
Term
scoliosis tx
Definition
cobb angle <20deg: observation. cobb angle 20-40 deg: tlso "milwaukee" brace, exercise (not corrective; prevents progression. cobb angle >45deg: sx
Term
where does lumbar disc disease commonly occur
Definition
l4/5
Term
osteophyte formation predominantly at the ant/lat aspect of sup and inf margins of vertebral bodies
Definition
spondylosis
Term
spondylosisthesis: definition and most common location?
Definition
vertebral slipping most common at l5-s1
Term
What is the most common incomplete spinal cord injury?
Definition
central cord syndrome
Term
What pathology involves upper>lower extremity weakness w/varying degrees of sensory loss?
Definition
central cord syndrome
Term
Where does osteophyte formation predominantly occur w/spondylosis?
Definition
ant/lat aspects of sup and inf margins of vertebral bodies
Term
Ant cord syndrome typically observed w/ what cause?
Definition
ant spinal a infarction
Term
How is cauda equina syndrome tx? what imaging modality is used?
Definition
true neuro emergency. use mri
Term
Classic lesion for ankylosing spondylitis
Definition
sacroilitis
Term
reactive arthritis triad/tetrad
Definition
non-gonococcal urethritis. conjunctivits. arthritis. 4: mucocutaneous lesions.
Term
Main sign of multiple myeloma. Most common location. x-ray
Definition
back pain, bone pain. spine most common. punched-out lesions
Term
xs synthesis and secretion of free monoclonal light chains
Definition
bence jones proteinuria: multiple myeloma
Term
female athletic triad
Definition
disordered eating, menstural dysfunction, osteoporosis
Term
codfish vertebra
Definition
osteoporosis- biconcave shape
Term
bouchard's, heberdeen's nodes
Definition
dip: heberdeen's. pip: bouchard's. bo: degenerative arthritis
Term
mainstay of arthritis and gout tx
Definition
antiinflammatories: indomethacin
Term
most common effected jts: psoriatic arthritis
Definition
dip
Term
#1 way psoriatic arthritis is dx
Definition
jt pattern
Term
Most common agent in infectious non-gonococcal arthritis
Definition
s. aureus (mrsa)
Term
reiter's syndrome now known as
Definition
reactive seronegative spondyloarthropathy arthritis
Term
How do you tx infectious non-gonococcal arthritis (septic jt)?
Definition
inpt: abx*, drainage, involve ortho EARLY
Term
*migratory* polyarthralgias
Definition
gonococcal arthritis
Term
limping child, esp hip w/persistent bacteremia. what do you suspect? how do you dx? danger? pathogen w/sickle cell?
Definition
infectious non-gonococcal arthritis- pet scan/bone scan. will destruct jt w/in 2 weeks of untx septic jt. sickle cell most common-salmonella
Term
main viral arthritis
Definition
parovirus
Term
pott's disease
Definition
tb of cervical spine
Term
#1 cause of erythema nodosum
Definition
birth control
Term
most common place for sarcoidosis jt dz
Definition
knees/ankles
Term
gradual onset w/pain worse at night. what dz do you suspect? what do xrays show?
Definition
tb bone/jt: potts. lipping.
Term
what do you do w/bone tumors and tumor-like lesions?
Definition
referral
Term
most common location for tumor arising in osteoblastic tissue: osteoid osteoma
Definition
proximal femur
Term
most common primary bone malignancy
Definition
osteosarcoma
Term
most common primary tumor of hand
Definition
endochondroma: benign
Term
onion peel bone x-ray
Definition
ewing's sarcoma
Term
charcot's jt
Definition
neurogenic arthropathy: xray enlarged, boggy, painless jt w/erosion, loose bodies
Term
tx ganglion cyst
Definition
#1: this is sterile; don't infect w/needle. tx inflammation.
Term
most common metabolic bone dz
Definition
osteoporosis
Term
tx osteoporosis 4 main drugs
Definition
biphosphonates- inhibit osteoclast, estrogen- reduce osteoclast activity, calcitonin-regulate bone remodeling, pth- stimulate osteoblast (also vitd/ca2+, raloxifene)
Term
still's dz
Definition
juvenile chronic arthritis
Term
atrophy and gangrene
Definition
rheumatoid arthritis
Term
best sle test
Definition
ana
Term
palindromic rheumatism
Definition
short duration flare up of arthritis- 20% develop ra
Term
mainstay of rheumatology medications
Definition
anti-inflammatory medications. prednisone.
Term
how do you tx fibromyalgia
Definition
ssri
Term
sjogren
Definition
sicca: dry eyes, mouth. ra. parotid gland enlargement.
Term
mortus view
Definition
extra ankle view
Term
Most common ankle injury d/t structural anatomy
Definition
inversion injury: atfl>cfl>ptfl
Term
how serious is a high ankle sprain
Definition
VERY serious
Term
maisonneuve
Definition
unstable fx of prox fibula, disruption of deltoid lig, and syndesmosis
Term
most common fx ue
Definition
colles fx: 74% all forearm fx
Term
most common soft tissue tumor of hand
Definition
ganglion
Term
where in the hand is osteoarthritis most common
Definition
f-10x more in non-dominant hand, base of thumb
Term
Kanavel’s signs
Definition
septic tensynovitis: (fussiform swelling, semi-flexed
position, pain with passive stretch,
pain along flexor tendon sheath)
Term
forearm fx: adults vs. children
Definition
adults usually unstable, children can usually be reduced
Term
no of views for a scaphoid fx
Definition
4
Term
Most common carpal
instability pattern
Definition
(loss of
linkage scaphoid-lunate)- Scapholunate Ligament Tear
Supporting users have an ad free experience!