Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Morality - Mid Term
1st & 2nd Quarter
204
Other
Not Applicable
01/13/2006

Additional Other Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
We presume that Christians around us believe in the same value system that we do
Definition
[True]
Term
Faithful Christians always agree on how they should act.
Definition
[False]
Term
Some Catholic place their moral emphasis on Papal authority
Definition
[True]
Term
The “objectivist” concludes that the wide diversity of moral codes as well as the rapid changes in our own cultural mores tells us that there are no definitively correct moral codes.
Definition
[False]
Term
Ethical judgments are always judgments from a certain perspective, with no perspective necessarily better than another.
Definition
[False]
Term
Christians have never advanced the “Natural Law” arguments in their moral discussion.
Definition
[False]
Term
In regards to homosexuality, a natural law ethicist might argue that natural sexual inclination should be directed toward members of the opposite sex.
Definition
[True]
Term
People who emphasize a “virtue” approach to morality wish to remove the voice of Christianity in our society.
Definition
[False]
Term
People who lack sufficient use of reason may unknowingly perform immoral actions
Definition
[False]
Term
This theory is based on an emotional reaction to a possible decision
Definition
Feeling Theory
Term
Something tells me this is right or wrong
Definition
Hunch Theory –OR-- Little Voice Theory
Term
These people are born with instincts that tell them right from wrong
Definition
What comes naturally Theory
Term
People are not free to make moral choices—what they do cannot be helped
Definition
No Conscience Theory
Term
These people use what society feels is right or wrong to decide
Definition
Follow the Crowd Theory
Term
These people use internal feelings, before the decision is made
Definition
Hunch Theory
Term
Conscience is something that Religion has developed in order to keep people in line
Definition
No Conscience Theory
Term
The majority can’t be wrong!
Definition
Follow the Crowd Theory
Term
People respect justice, honesty and sincerity
Definition
What comes naturally theory
Term
They believe they come to know the will of God through a kind of inspiration
Definition
Little Voice Theory
Term
Morality comes from the Latin word “Mores”, meaning:
Definition
A manner of behavior
Term
The word “conscience” comes from the Latin word “con-scire” meaning:
Definition
To know with
Term
One of the unique aspects of human existence is that we are:
Definition
Self-Conscious
Term
The essential elements for human or moral action is found in the element of:
Definition
Knowledge & Freedom
Term
Which of the following does the church not consider an important way of exercising our conscience:
Definition
Follow your instincts
Term
Discuss in detail the dangers in both “objectivists” and “relativists” approaches to morality:
Definition
The objectivists follow the church very strictly and don’t consider anything else/any other circumstance. They can become very intolerant. The relativists can’t make a definite decision, they are undecided. Reduces moral decisions à use preferences – do what they want instead of what is right.
Term
Discuss in detail the “utilitarian” approach to morality:
Definition
Utilitarian – they say “what can I do to do the most good for the most people.” The majority is what matters to them not individuals
Term
Discuss the difference between “cafeteria catholics” and “robotic catholics”
Definition
Cafeteria Catholic – they only follow the rules they want to follow. They pick-n-choose the rules they follow and instead of being a firm believer. [Relativists]

Robotic Catholic – Follow the church very strictly and without the question. [objectivist]
Term
Name & define the cardinal virtues:
Definition
1- Prudence à look before you leap
2- Temperance à control you appetite [not only food but for everything in life]
3- Fortitude à being strong in tough situations
4- Justice à fairness *catholics believe in justice as compassion
Term
The Catholic Church believes that the Word of God has become Flesh in human history.
Definition
[False]
Term
Catholics recognize that when you join a Church you do so of your own free choice.
Definition
[True]
Term
Catholics believe God made humans without an inner dignity which as to be earned.
Definition
[False]
Term
Catholics believe that human being shave a unique dignity because human nature has been united with the Divine in Jesus Christ.
Definition
[True]
Term
Catholic morality involves looking upon life as a religious experience and acting accordingly.
Definition
[True]
Term
Catholic morality has a tendency to make us less human and less free.
Definition
[False]
Term
Catholic morality is Divine morality lowered to a human dimension.
Definition
[False]
Term
The Teachings of the Catholic Church are the basis for Catholic morality but the church would not expect it to be the basis for all human morality.
Definition
[False]
Term
If a person leaves the Catholic church they can also leave the Church’s moral teachings.
Definition
[False]
Term
The Catholic Church teaches that Church teachers were given their authority to call people to moral living by Jesus himself.
Definition
[True]
Term
The Catholic church believes that priests teach infallibly during their sermons.
Definition
[False]
Term
The Church can speak infallibly about anything it feels is necessary and it is not limited.
Definition
[False]
Term
All papal church council statements are made infallibly.
Definition
[False]
Term
The Church’s magisterium may exercise infallible authority in defending, explaining, or preserving beliefs or practices necessary for salvation.
Definition
[True]
Term
The laws and teachings of the catholic church are designed to enable its people to be good Christians.
Definition
[True]
Term
An “It’s the Law” moralist feels that there is no fundamental code of ethics.
Definition
[False]
Term
An “Any thing goes” moral philosophy is simply that everyone should do what they think is right.
Definition
[True]
Term
Anyone who belongs to an organized religion makes decisions automatically on the basis of law alone, with all decisions determined by the church.
Definition
[False]
Term
The hallmark of a law moralist is the need to be accepted, to “fit in”, to conform at all costs.
Definition
[True]
Term
“Anything Goes” moralists say that morality is just a bunch of rules & regulations that some people make up to keep other people in line.
Definition
[True]
Term
Explain how the Catholic Church views DIVINE REVELATION.
Definition
Divine Revelation is how we find God.We find Divine Revelation in two ways:
1) Scripture [find God in the Bible]
2) Tradition [passed down from the apostles]
Term
List the four points by which the Church believes that it can speak infallibly.
Definition
The Church believes it can speak infallibly on moral & faith issues only. It feels it can do this because:
1) Jesus has the authority of God
2) Jesus gave this authority to the apostles who passed it to us.
3) Jesus promised to send for the Holy Spirit as a guide for us
4) God wouldn’t allow the church to be wrong in her essential beliefs
Term
Name two infallible statements made by the Pope.
Definition
Two infallible statements made by the Pope are:
1) The Immaculate conception à Mary is born without original sin [Dec 8th]
2) The Assumption à Mary can’t die because she doesn’t have original sin, must be assumed into heaven [August 15th]
Term
Theory that the sanctioning of an act which in itself may not be morally repugnant or illegal on a small scale, but could lead to other similar and wider actions which are illegal or immoral –
Definition
Slippery Slope
Term
Medical procedure which are pointless because the patient is certain to die shortly –
Definition
Heroic Measures
Term
The study of moral problems which face modern medicine –
Definition
Bioethics
Term
The legally accurate name for a “Living will” –
Definition
Advanced Directive
Term
Slang for the administering of heavy doses of opiate drugs to completely sedate a person who is dying painfully –
Definition
Snow
Term
A formal program of palliative care for a person in the last 6 months of life, providing pain management, symptom control, and family support –
Definition
Hospice
Term
Giving large amounts of opiate drugs to a patient to relieve pain while at the same time recognizing that these drugs will hasten death –
Definition
Double Effect
Term
Providing the means [drugs or other agents] by which a person can take his or her own life –
Definition
Assisted Suicide
Term
Starving oneself to death. Usually carried out in extreme old age –
Definition
Silent Suicide
Term
Complete cessation of cognitive function. Life support systems could keep the body alive but it would be pointless –
Definition
Brain dead
Term
Christians believe that all life is a gift from God.
Definition
[True]
Term
Christians faith views death as the ultimate evil.
Definition
[False]
Term
According to Catholic teachings, death should be prevented at all costs.
Definition
[False]
Term
DiVittorio states that a sick person who is not dying may starve himself because he is tired of living.
Definition
[False]
Term
DiVittorio states that depression may be seen as a “grave burden.”
Definition
[True]
Term
DiVittorio maintained that you must do whatever you can to eat the most healthful foods and live in the most healthful places.
Definition
[False]
Term
To be effective, a medical technique must prolong life for at least three years.
Definition
[False]
Term
A judge must sign a “living will” before it can be declared legal & binding.
Definition
[False]
Term
Pope John Paul II, in 2004, said that it is morally appropriate to remove nutrition and hydration from a person in a cone.
Definition
[True]
Term
The legalization of physician assisted suicide will pose the greatest risks to those who are poor, elderly, isolated, members of minority groups, or those who lack access to good medical care.
Definition
[True]
Term
The concept of “Brain Death” has arisen as states have attempted to determine the point at which a person is legally dead.
Definition
[True]
Term
The Catholic Church teaches that the direct termination of life is always a positive good.
Definition
[False]
Term
Medical treatments are morally obligatory when they are “ordinary” – that is, if they provide reasonable hope of benefit and do not involve excessive depression.
Definition
[True]
Term
If the Cerebrum is damaged then the heart and lungs cease to function.
Definition
[False]
Term
Many individuals who contemplate suicide – including those who are terminally ill – suffer from treatable mental disorders, most commonly depression.
Definition
[True]
Term
The direct killing of an unconscious patient is as morally reprehensible as the direct killing of anyone else
Definition
[True]
Term
The legalization of assisted suicide could send a message that suicide is a socially acceptable response to terminal or incurable disease.
Definition
[True]
Term
If the real purpose of removing nutrition and hydration is to relieve the patient of a particular procedure that was of limited usefulness or burdensome and the patient is dying, then this action is moral.
Definition
[True]
Term
In the decision making process, if the patient’s wishes are known and these directives are followed and death results, this is an act of:
Definition
Voluntary Euthanasia
Term
In the decision making process, if someone other than the patient must make the decision and death results, this is an act of:
Definition
Compulsory Euthanasia
Term
If life sustaining treatment is withheld and death results, we describe this as an act of:
Definition
Indirect Euthanasia
Term
If a physician gives a patient a lethal injection and death is intended, we describe this as an act of:
Definition
Direct Euthanasia
Term
Francisco DiVittorio wrote a reflection on the prolonging of life called:
Definition
Reflectionae Theologicae
Term
List the guideline for determining whether a medical technique is Ordinary or Extraordinary.
Definition
1) Type of procedure
2) Degree of complexity
3) Possibility of Benefit
4) Cost
Term
The Uniform determination of death act states that death is determined by two criteria. What are they?
Definition
1) irreversible cessation of heart & respiratory
2) irreversible cessation of all brain functions including brain stem
Term
Explain how capitation can increase the possibility of Physician Assisted Suicide.
Definition
If Doctors will receive more money by giving the patient less care, which makes them do less work, many doctors will take this option. With more doctors working to get money rather than save people more people will act in assisted suicide. Patients also tend to follow exactly what their doctor says and if a doctor knows he/she will get more money with assisted suicide they will suggest it to the patient & the patient will listen to them & follow through with the suggestion, causing an increase in Physician Assisted Suicide.
Term
What is the difference a coma and a persistent vegetative state.
Definition
Coma:
 look like sleeping
 can:
o wake up
o die
o go into PVS
 long unconscious that can eventually wake up from
PVS [persistent vegetative state]
 sometime sleeping cycles
 may look awake
 serible death
 always on life support, rarely lives/comes out of PVS
 when PVS not sure if movements are voluntary or involuntary
*Sometimes hard to tell difference between PVS & Coma*
Term
American industry has a habit of brining out new technology with too much governmental or professional regulations to protect the interest of all involved.
Definition
[False]
Term
The Church teaches that all means of trying to get pregnant by using technology is not licit.
Definition
[False]
Term
The document, “The Gift of Life,” judges the use of technology to overcome fertility as wrong in itself.
Definition
[False]
Term
This document also questions the motives of these persons using the technology.
Definition
[False]
Term
If the technological intervention replaces the marriage act in order to create life, it is not moral.
Definition
[True]
Term
If a couple is unaware that the procedure is immoral, they are still subjectively guilty of sin.
Definition
[False]
Term
Marriage gives the couple the right to have a child.
Definition
[False]
Term
The child has the right to be respected as a person from the moment of its conception.
Definition
[True]
Term
In Vitro Fertilization is the most widely used reproduction-aiding technique today.
Definition
[False]
Term
According to the document, “The Gift of Life,” the only ethically appropriate context for procreation is marriage.
Definition
[True]
Term
This document insists that the sexual union of husband and wife must be joined to the openness of bringing new life into the world.
Definition
[True]
Term
Artificial Insemination and In Vitro Fertilization are unitive but they are not procreative.
Definition
[False]
Term
Artificial birth control renders [makes] the sexual union procreative but not unitive.
Definition
[False]
Term
The church has not made an official statement on cloning.
Definition
[False]
Term
Any technique that involves only the husband and the wife is always considered licit.
Definition
[False]
Term
Parents may consider a child and object of ownership.
Definition
[False]
Term
The church’s teachings on the morality of modern fertility procedures in expressed in:
Definition
Donum Vitae
Term
The Teaching was published in:
Definition
1987
Term
The first IN VITRO child was named:
Definition
Louise Brown
Term
The first IN VITRO conception took place in:
Definition
England
Term
Two types of Artificial insemination are:
Definition
1) AID [Donor Sperm]
2) AIH [Husbands Sperm]
Term
In IVF, the woman must undergo ---1--- treatments first for the purpose of producing multiple eggs and then for increasing the chances of implication. Some critics believe that this treatment may increase the chances of ---2--- cancer.
Definition
1-hormone
2-ovarian
Term
If a doctor is able to harvest six eggs, ---1---are usually fertilized. The doctor will then return ---2---fertilized eggs to the woman.
Definition
1-five
2-three
Term
Discuss the moral questions involving AI:
Definition
I. Collection of Sperm à needs to be both unitive and procreative
 Masturbation à not natural act [mortal sin]
 Condom à church is against artificial contraception [if was perforated then maybe okay.]
II. Adultery
 If the woman uses a donor sperm bringing a 3rd party into marriage à violation of marriage contract
III. Genetic Information
 These AID children are deprived of vital medical info they will need later in life.
 Is it moral to bring a child into the world that doesn’t know this information
*up to 5 people can be involved with the making of the child*
IV. Unknown Children
 Having unknown children leads to unknown siblings that could possibly get married & have sex à their children will have birth defects
V. Exploitation of women
 Poor women are being paid to have babies that are eventually sold
 Sergeant mothers
Term
The Vatican document, “the gift of life,” bases its conclusion on three principles. Discuss these three principles:
Definition
I. Inseparability principle
 when a couple has sex they are having it with the intentions of being both procreative & unitive
o without both = selfish act
o technology is not both procreative & unitive
II. Dignity of the Child
 When we use these technologies to make child we are making them an object of scientific technology
o Which removes the dignity of the child
III. Language of the body
 When we use these technologies we are ignoring the bodies function in conceiving a child
 We are not respecting the function of the body
*making humans with out humans being there
Term
What is meant by the “unitive” and “procreative” meaning of the conjugal act?
Definition
Unitive – brings the couple closer together. Makes the husband and wife closer and as one.
*Reproductive Technology – not unitive because married couple not in act of having sex to have a baby
Procreative – must be open to the idea to having a child.
 Condoms aren’t pro-creative because trying to prevent the conceiving of a child.
Conjugal love à the love between a husband and wife

*only married couple has the right to have sex à not right to have a child! *
Term
Christians recognize Jesus of Nazareth as the full revelation of God in the world.
Definition
[True]
Term
Jesus sums up his principle when he says, “love God with your whole heart.”
Definition
[False]
Term
There is only one word in the English language, love, that describes the emotion we feel when we are romantic, helpful, friendly, etc.
Definition
[True]
Term
In a Philial kind of love, one would lay down ones life for a friend.
Definition
[False]
Term
The kind of love Jesus talks about is an ideal for only the perfect to attain.
Definition
[False]
Term
From his own experience, Jesus knew that they only way to live human life fully & to confront selfishness and sin is through power.
Definition
[False]
Term
Many other people said and did extra ordinary things, but in Jesus they experienced true live & true humanity.
Definition
[True]
Term
For the Apostles, the essence of being a Christian was to perform miracles as Jesus did.
Definition
[False]
Term
According to the “Jesus Principle” it is enough to just want to do good without having to actually do good.
Definition
[False]
Term
Christians believe that there are other partial paths to life, but only Jesus Christ and his way of loving is the fully true one.
Definition
[True]
Term
Dorothy Day, Thea Bowman & Oscar Romero are canonized saints of the Roman church.
Definition
[False]
Term
Dorothy Day spent 45 years living in voluntary poverty.
Definition
[True]
Term
Dorothy Day’s newspaper was concerned with teaching people about the Sacraments and the rituals of the church.
Definition
[False]
Term
Dorothy Day was an ardent supporter of the Vietnam War because her grandson was fighting in it.
Definition
[False]
Term
Oscar Romero became a strong supporter of the poor after he was arrested for helping kidnapped terrorists .
Definition
[False]
Term
Oscar Romero was killed by the military as he was driving with some people from his village.
Definition
[False]
Term
Thea Bowman’s father was a physician who, because of his color, was not allowed into the operating room of the area’s hospital.
Definition
[True]
Term
When she was thirteen, Thea became a Catholic, and at fifteen she joined the La Crosse Franciscans.
Definition
[True]
Term
Thea became a physician and spent her life trying to cure the ills of the poor.
Definition
[False]
Term
Thea called the state of Health Care in the south a sin.
Definition
[False]
Term
The Jesus Principle is morality is:
Definition
Make your decisions to act based on genuine love of people.
Term
The Greek word for physical attraction is:
Definition
Eros
Term
The Greek word for a relationship of mutual friends is:
Definition
Philia
Term
The Greek word for “unconditional love” is:
Definition
Agape
Term
The Principle model of a person who demonstrated the love the Jesus preached was:
Definition
Mary
Term
Dorothy Day’s newspaper that is still being published today is called:
Definition
“The Catholic Worker”
Term
Dorothy Day’s homeless shelters were called:
Definition
House of Hospitality
Term
Oscar Romero was archbishop of:
Definition
San Salvador
Term
Thea Bowman grew up in:
Definition
Canton, Mississippi
Term
Thea Bowman died on March 30, 1990 of:
Definition
Bone Cancer
Term
List the five important parts of Jesus’ “acting through love” that are reflected in Jesus’ own actions.
Definition
1) Accept everyone as sons & daughters of God [unconditionally]
2) Do not condemn others à no matter what we think of their actions
3) Forgive those who have done wrong
4) Do what is right à no matter what we believe
5) The focus of our attitude & intentions à the welfare of others
Term
An action is NOT wrong, this person thinks, if I am not caught.
Definition
[Law & Order]
Term
I live from self-chosen principles.
Definition
[Post-Law]
Term
Rules are important.
Definition
[Law & Order]
Term
One obeys only if they are rewarded.
Definition
[Pre-Law]
Term
The authority to make order and determine right and wrong is perceived as residing in others.
Definition
[Law & Order]
Term
The moral person is one who acts and looks like a good person.
Definition
[Pre-Law]
Term
This person has integrated the value of law and now their choices focus on the good of persons and society.
Definition
[Post-Law]
Term
Something is wrong if you are punished for it.
Definition
[Pre-Law]
Term
Having good character makes a person good.
Definition
[Law & Order]
Term
Moral judgments are made from a selfish criteria.
Definition
[Pre-Law]
Term
All laws promote the good of society.
Definition
[False]
Term
Since laws are made by human beings, they are subject to moral weakness of differing viewpoints.
Definition
[True]
Term
Because there is a separation of church and state, the government cannot legislate morality.
Definition
[False]
Term
Some people may never fit into any of these three stages of moral development.
Definition
[False]
Term
Some people may skip a stage all together and move from Stage 1 to Stage 3.
Definition
[False]
Term
Some people may get stuck in a particular stage and never move from it.
Definition
[True]
Term
A person can be rendered incapable in varying degrees of making their own moral decisions.
Definition
[True]
Term
Moralists refer to the “Age of Reason” as being somewhere around 12 to 14 years of age.
Definition
[False]
Term
The advancement of years is an automatic guarantee of moral growth or advancement in stages of moral development.
Definition
[False]
Term
Law is basic necessity for people to live together in harmony.
Definition
[True]
Term
It is possible to place the good of society so much above individual liberty that they deny basic rights to others.
Definition
[False]
Term
If one has no say in making a law, then one need not obey that law.
Definition
[False]
Term
Rebellion is a necessary part of our growing from the dependence of childhood to the independence of adulthood.
Definition
[True]
Term
One must never disobey or ignore a law even if it is wrong in itself or obviously immoral.
Definition
[False]
Term
One’s attitude toward law can never be culturally conditioned.
Definition
[False]
Term
A positive law states what cannot be done if the purpose of the law is to be fulfilled.
Definition
[False]
Term
For a law to be effective, it must have the power to punish or offer some form of consequence.
Definition
[True]
Term
A negative law states how the purpose of an organization to be those laws that govern our relationship with God and our relationship with people.
Definition
[False]
Term
Natural laws are usually understood to be those laws that govern our relationship with God and our relationship with people.
Definition
[False]
Term
Natural laws are usually understood to be those laws that govern our relationship with God and our relationship with people.
Definition
[False]
Term
The Ten Commandments and the Gold Rule are brief summaries of Church laws.
Definition
[False]
Term
In the Israelite stories what mattered to them was the accuracy of the stories being passed down to each generation.
Definition
[False]
Term
To put into words the moral obligation they experienced, the Jews in faith incorporated the best laws of their neighbors into their “God Law” and made them their own.
Definition
[True]
Term
If properly understood, the Ten Commandments should be observed by only Christians & Jews.
Definition
[False]
Term
To observe the Ten Commandments as they are written makes a person a good Christian, or a good human being.
Definition
[False]
Term
The full test of what kind of human being you are becoming is the developed practice of virtues, not simply the avoidance of basic, spelled out evil.
Definition
[True]
Term
Respecting another’s right to life is the beginning point for human relationships.
Definition
[True]
Term
Human laws never presume that there are people who will take advantage of those who are unable to protect themselves.
Definition
[True]
Term
Church laws are those found in the teachings and life of Jesus.
Definition
[False]
Term
The bishops authority to govern the Church comes from their ordination as successors of the Apostles of Jesus.
Definition
[True]
Term
Christian Laws is summarized in Jesus’ “command” that his followers love one another as he loved them.
Definition
[True]
Term
Jesus left his followers a detailed blueprint which gave them all the specific rules and regulations for fulfilling his basic law of love.
Definition
[False]
Term
Because the Catholic Church has a hierarchy, the lay members of the Catholic community have no right to give voce to their concern.
Definition
[False]
Term
Because it has an organizational dimension, the Church has no need for law and order.
Definition
[False]
Term
In matters of faith & morals, the pope and other bishops speak their personal point of view.
Definition
[False]
Term
The precepts of the church spell out the bare minimum of what a Catholic is supposed to do.
Definition
[True]
Term
In general, Church organizational law applies to all people even those who are not members of the Catholic Church.
Definition
[False]
Term
Under no circumstances can church law ever be disobeyed.
Definition
[False]
Term
A law that interferes with a person’s right to life or personal liberty is not legally binding but it is morally binding.
Definition
[False]
Term
Some laws do not have to be observed simply because the circumstance which made them necessary no longer exist.
Definition
[True]
Term
Laws will always make people moral.
Definition
[False]
Term
Human laws are Restrictive to:
Definition
Insured the fundamental rights of every person are guaranteed.
Term
Human laws are Directive to:
Definition
Assist people to live in such a way that society can fulfill its purpose
Term
Human laws Progressive to:
Definition
Help society build a better community
Term
To Roman Catholic Church is governed by a set of rules and regulations called:
Definition
Canon Law
Term
The Principle binding force of law is:
Definition
Personal Integrity
Term
English law developed from the:
Definition
Magna Carta
Term
American & Canadian law is based on:
Definition
Anglo-Saxon Law
Term
Explain the right way to Rebel:
Definition
1) Recognize the need to be independent
2) Recognize the need for rules
3) Respect the rights & duties of others
4) Find a new and creative way to rebel
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