Term
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Definition
-Molecules are in constant random motion with no attractions
-Molecules have elastic collisions
-Avg kinetic energy is directly proportional to the absolute temperature
-Molecules have an insignificant volume |
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Term
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Definition
1. Volume-in Liters
2. Pressure-in atm,kPa,mmHg,torr,PSI
3. Temperature-in Kelvin
4. Amount-moles(possibly mass or density) |
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Term
| Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP) |
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Definition
-Pressure-1atm=101.325kPa=760mmHg=760torr
-Temperature-0C=273K |
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Term
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Definition
| Inversely proportional. P1V1=P2V2 |
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Term
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Definition
| Direct relationship. V1T2=V2T1 |
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Term
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Definition
| Directly Proportional. P1T2=P2T1 |
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Term
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Definition
| Combines all previous gas laws. P1V1T2=P2V2T1 |
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Term
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Definition
| The volume of a gas(V) is directly proportional to the amount of a gas(n) at a constant temperature and pressure. V1/n1=V2/n2 |
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Term
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Definition
| Combination of all gas laws. PV=nRT |
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Term
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Definition
| Pressure exerted by a vapor, or gas, in equilibrium with its solid or liquid phase. Increases with temperature. |
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Term
| Dalton's Law of Partial Pressure |
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Definition
| When two or more gases are present, the total pressure is the sum of the partial pressures of the gases. Pt=P1+P2+P3... |
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Term
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Definition
| Substance to be dissolved |
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Term
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Definition
| Substance doing the dissolving |
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Term
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Definition
| Liquid will dissolve in another liquid |
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Term
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Definition
| Liquid will not dissolve in another liquid |
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Term
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Definition
| Relatively large amount of solute in a given amount of solvent. |
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Term
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Definition
| Small amount of solute in a given amount of solvent. |
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Term
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Definition
| Doesn't dissolve in solvent |
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Term
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Definition
| Able to dissolve in solvent |
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Term
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Definition
| Process by which the solvent surrounds the solute particles. |
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Term
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Definition
| No more solute can be added. Has reached equilibrium. |
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Term
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Definition
| More solute can be added. |
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Term
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Definition
| Amount of solute exceeds the limit. |
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Term
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Definition
| Dissolution and crystallization occur at the same rate. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ionic solutes dissolved in polar solvents. Able to conduct electricity. |
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Term
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Definition
| Molecular solutes dissolved in solvents. Unable to conduct electricity. |
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Term
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Definition
| Maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in 100g of a solvent at a given temperature. |
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Term
| Factors Affecting Solubility |
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Definition
-Nature of the solute
-Nature of the solvent
-Temperature |
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Term
| Factors Affecting Rate of Dissolution |
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Definition
-Agitation
-Increase in temperature
-Increase in surface area |
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Term
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Definition
| Amount of solute in a solvent |
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Term
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Definition
| Unit of concentration that compares moles of solute against liters of solution. M1V1=M2V2 |
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Term
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Definition
| Don't depend on identity, but on number of particles |
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Term
| Boiling Point Elevation (BPE) |
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Definition
| Addition of solute raises boiling point |
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Term
| Freezing Point Depression (FPD) |
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Definition
| Addition of solute lowers freezing point |
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Term
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Definition
| moles of solute/kg of solvent |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-Hydrogen or Hydronium
-Sour
-Sting
-Weak to strong electrolytes
-React with metals to form H2
-Litmus-red
-Phenolphthalein-clear
-pH less than 7 |
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Term
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Definition
-Hydroxide ion
-Bitter
-Slippery,slimy
-Weak to strong electrolytes
-No reaction with metals
-Litmus-blue
-Phenolphthalein-pink
-pH greater than 7 |
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Term
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Definition
-Produce H+ in solution
-Generally at front of formula |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-Acid-H+ donor
-Base-H+ acceptor
-Conjugate base pairs |
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Term
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Definition
-More general than other theories
-Acid-electron pair acceptor
-Base-electron pair donor |
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Term
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Definition
-Parts hydronium
-pH=-log[H3O] |
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Term
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Definition
-Parts hydroxide
-pOH=-log[OH-] |
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