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Module #7 Vocab
Apologia Biology
23
Biology
9th Grade
04/23/2012

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Term
Genetics
Definition
The science that studies how characteristics get passed from parent to offspring
Term
Genetic Factors
Definition
The general guidline of traits determined by a person's DNA
Term
Environmental Factors
Definition
Those "nonbiological" factors that are involved in a person's surroundings such as the nature of the person's parents, the person's friends, and the person's behavioral choices
Term
Spiritual Factors
Definition
The factors in a person's life determined by the quality of his or her relationship with God
Term
Gene
Definition
A section of DNA that codes for the production of a protein or a portion of protein, thereby causing a trait
Term
Messenger RNA
Definition
The RNA that proforms transcription
Term
Anticodon
Definition
A three-nucleotide base sequence on tRNA
Term
Codon
Definition
A sequence of three nucleotide bases on mRNA that refers to a specific amino acid
Term
Chromosome
Definition
DNA coiled around and supported by proteins, found in the nucleus of a cell
Term
Mitosis
Definition
The process of asexual reproduction
Term
Interphase
Definition
The time interval between cellular reproduction
Term
Centromere
Definition
The region that joins two sister chromatids
Term
Mother Cell
Definition
A cell ready to begin reproduction, containing duplicated DNA and centrioles
Term
Karyotype
Definition
The figure produced when the chromosomes of a species during metaphase are arranged according to their homologous pairs
Term
Diploid Cell
Definition
A cell with chromosomes that come in homologous pairs
Term
Haploid Cell
Definition
A cell that has only one representative of each chromosome pair
Term
Diploid Number
Definition
The total number of chromosomes in a diploid cell
Term
Haploid Number
Definition
The number of homologous pairs in a diploid cell
Term
Meiosis
Definition
The process by which a Diploid (2n) cell forms gametes (n)
Term
Gametes
Definition
Haploid cells (n) produced by diploid cells (2n) for the purpose of sexual reproduction
Term
Virus
Definition
A non-cellular infectious agent that has two characteristics:
(1) It has genetic material (RNA and DNA) inside a protective protein coat
(2) It cannot reproduce on its own
Term
Antibodies
Definition
Specialized proteins that aid in destroying infectious agents
Term
Vaccine
Definition
A weakened or inactive version of a pathogen that stimulates the body's production of antibodies which can aid in destroying the pathogen
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