Term
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Definition
- Name (generic): digoxin
- Name (trade): Digitek, Digox, Lanoxin, Cardoxin,
- Indications: used to treat heart failure and atrial fibrillation. helps make the heart beat stronger and regulate rhythm.
- Dose Range and Routes: Oral tablets (initial 500to 750 mcg, additional doses of 125 to 375 mcg may be given@ 6-8 hour intervals until clinical evidence of adequate effect is noted), Capsules (initial of 400 to 600 mcg additional doses of 100 to 300 mcg may be given cautiously at 6-8 hour intervals.
- Side Effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, feeling weak, anxiety, depression
- Special Considerations: Should not use if you have ventricular fibrillation
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Term
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Definition
- Name (generic): Clonidine
- Name (trade): Catapres, Kapvay
- Indications: used to treat hypertension. Lowers blood pressure by decreasing the levels of certain chemicals in the body, allowing blood vessels to relax and heart beat to more slowly. Kapvay is used to treat ADHD
- Dose Range and Routes: Oral tablet (0.1mg, 0,2mg, 0.3mg), extended release (0.1 mg/12hr), Whole, Transdermal patch
- Side Effects: drowsiness, dizziness, feeling tired or irritble, dry mouth, constipation, loss pf appetite, sleeping problem such as insomnia or nightmares
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Term
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Definition
- Name (generic): amlodipine
- Name (trade): Norvasc
- Indications: used to treat certain types of angina and other conditions caused by coronary artery disease, lowers bloods pressure by relaxing the blood vessels so the heart does not have to pump so hard.
- Dose Range and Routes: Oral tablet (2.5 mg, 5mg, 10mg)
- Side Effects: swelling of the legs/ankles, irregular heart beat, "fluttering" in chest, muscle stiffness, flushing
- Special Considerations: avoid alcohol.
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Term
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Definition
- Name (generic): furosemide
- Name (trade): Lasix
- Indications: loop diuretic that prevents the body from absorbing too much salt, allowing the salt to pass through urine, and used to treat fluid retention in people with CHF, liver disease, or a kidney disorder such as nephrotic syndrome. Also used to treat high blood pressure
- Dose Range and Routes: orally, dose could be 20-80mg
- Side Effects: diarrhea, constipation, loss of appetite, numbness or tingling, headache, dizziness or blurred vision
- Special Considerations: if also taking sucralfate, lasix should be taken 2 hours before or after. Avoid dehydration, Could cause sunburns easier
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Term
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Definition
- Name (generic): Nitrostat
- Name (trade): Nitroglycerin
- Indications: used to treat or prevent chest pain or pressure
- Dose Range and Routes: sublingual tablet (0.3, 0.4, 0.6 mg), PO 2.5-9 mg two to four times daily for prophylaxis.
- Side Effects: dizziness, headache, mouth tingling, burning, fast, slow, or abnormal heart beat, dry mouth
- Special Considerations: let the tablet dissolve fully, don't swallow immediately.
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Term
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Definition
- Name (generic): warfarin
- Name (trade): coumadin, Jantoven
- Indications: very strong anticoagulant. used to prevent venous thrombosis, embolism associated with atrial fibrillation or heart valve replacement, pulmonary embolism, MI
- Dose Range and Routes: oral (1,2,2.5,3,4,5,6,7.5, 10 mg tablets. Usual dose is 2 to 5 mg daily.
- Side Effects: bleeding, low blood pressure, rapid pulse, cold, clammy, skin, faintness, changes in alertness.
- Special Considerations:Avoid too many foods high in vitamin K
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Term
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Definition
- Name (generic): carvedilol
- Name (trade): Coreg, Coreg CR
- Indications: used for hypertension, heart failure, myocardial infarction
- Dose Range and Routes: oral tablets (3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25 mg). Normal adult dose - initially 6.25 mg twice daily, up to 50mg daily for maintenance
- Side Effects: Dizziness, slow heartbeats, diarrhea, weight gain, dry eyes
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Term
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Definition
- Name (generic): valsartan
- Name (trade): diovan
- Indications: used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure. Also used to help heart function after a heart attack.
- Dose Range and Routes: Capsules (40, 80, 160, 320 mg) adult dose: initial dose of 80 mg once daily, adjust over 4-6 weeks with total daily dose from 80-320 mg)
- Side Effects: headache, dizzy, tired, stomach pain, flu like symptoms
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Term
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Definition
- Name (generic): enoxaparin
- Name (trade): Lovenox
- Indications: anticoagulant that helps prevent the formation of blood clots, deep vein thrombosis (DVT) which can lead to blood clots in the lungs. Also used to prevent blood vessel complications in people with certain types of angina or heart attack.
- Dose Range and Routes: Injection or IV
- Side Effects: nausea, diarrhea, anemia, confusion, bruising, redness at injection sight.
- Special Considerations: Avoid activity that increases risk of bleeding.
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Term
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Definition
- Name (generic): metroprolol
- Name (trade): Lopressor, Toprol XL
- Indications: used to treat hypertension, myocardial infarction, angina, heart failure.
- Dose Range and Routes: Oral tablet (25, 37.5, 50, 75, 100 mg), Oral tablet extended release (25, 50, 100, 200 mg). Adult dose- initial 25-50mg two times daily, maintenance 100-400 mg/day
- Side Effects: can produce severe bronchoconstriction and may increase wheezing, especially during pollen season.
- Special Considerations: use extreme caution with people with respiratory disorders
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Term
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Definition
- Name (generic): hydrochlorothiazide
- Name (trade): HydroDIURL, Microzide
- Indications: used to treat edema
- Dose Range and Routes: Oral tablet (12.5, 25, 50 mg), Oral capsules(12.5 mg), Adult dose usually 12.5-200 mg daily, before mid afternoon
- Side Effects: Confusion, weakness, tremors, muscle cramps, nausea, dry mouth, changes in alertness, hyperglycemia
- Special Considerations: avoid over heating and dehydration during exercise.
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Term
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Definition
- Name (generic): fluticasone inhalation
- Name (trade): Flovent Diskus, Flovent HFA
- Indications: corticosteroid that prevents the release of substances in the body that cause inflammation, prevents asthma attacks.
- Dose Range and Routes: Inhalation 50, 100 or 250 mcg
- Side Effects: cold symptoms, low fever, hoarseness, white patches or sores in mouth or on lips.
- Special Considerations: Not a rescue medication
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Term
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Definition
- Name (generic): ipratropium
- Name (trade): Atrovent HFA
- Indications: bronchodilator that relaxes muscle in the airways and increases air flow to the lungs. used to prevent bronchospams in people with COPD, including chronic bronchitis, and emphysema
- Dose Range and Routes: Aerosol (17mcg/spray) Inhalation solution. twp inhalations, four times daily, max 12 inhalations per 24 hr. Nebulizer (one unit dose vial q6-8h
- Side Effects: dry mouth, bitter taste cold symptoms, chest tightening, back pain, body aches
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Term
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Definition
- Name (generic): Albuterol
- Name (trade): Proventil, Ventolin
- Indications: Asthma, emphysema
- Dose Range and Routes: Aerosol (90 mcg per puff, two inhalations q4-6h), Tablets (2, 4 mg, three to four times daily
- Side Effects: chest pain, fast or pounding heart beats, painful urination, dizziness, feeling shaky
- Special Considerations: diuretics can effect
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Term
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Definition
- Name (generic): budesonide and formoterol
- Name (trade): Symbicort
- Indications: combination of budesonide and formoterol. brudesonide is a corticosteroid. reduces inflammation. formoterol is a long-acting bronchodilator that relaxes muscles in our airways
- Dose Range and Routes: 2 inhalations of 80/4.5 or 160/4.5 twice daily, approximately 12 hours apart. should rinse mouth without swallowing.
- Side Effects: throat pain, white patches in mouth or throat, stomach discomfort, flu symptoms
- Special Considerations: Avoid being near people who are sick or have infections
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Term
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Definition
- Name (generic): proventil, albuterol, ventolin
- Name (trade): Pro-Air
- Indications: Asthma, emphysema. used to treat bronchospams
- Dose Range and Routes: Inhalation (2 q4-6h)
- Side Effects: painful urination. chest pain, feeling shaky, fast or pounding heart beats.
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Term
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Definition
- Name (generic): montelukast
- Name (trade): Singulair
- Indications: competes for the receptor sites that trigger symptoms of asthma, anti-inflammatory
- Dose Range and Routes: 4-20 mg orally once a day
- Side Effects: rash, flu symptoms, headache, diarrhea
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Term
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Definition
- Name (generic): fluticasone and salmeterol
- Name (trade): Advair
- Indications: steroid and bronchodilator combination medicine used to prevent asthma attacks, prevent flare-ups or worsening of COPD for long term treatment
- Dose Range and Routes: shake for 5 seconds, two puffs 12 hours apart. twice per day strength of 45mcg/21mcg, 115mcg/21mcg or 230mcg/21mcg
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