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Definition
| The number of children that a woman is biologically capable of bearing in her lifetime in a particular society. |
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Definition
| A geometric rate of progression that has the potential of producing a very fast rise (or an "explosion") in the numbers of a population experiencing such growth. |
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| The number of people who live in a given area. This is usually measured by the number of people per square mile (in the US) or kilometre (in Canada). |
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Definition
| The time it takes for a particular level of population to double in size. A fairly accurate doubling time estimate can be computed by taking the annual growth rate and dividing it by seventy. |
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Definition
| The number of infants who die during the first year of life per thousand live births. |
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| The stabilization of population level in an industrial society once a certain level of economic prosperity has been reached. |
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Definition
| Thomas Robert Malthus's theory of population dynamics, according to which population increase inevitably comes up against the “natural limits” of food supply because population grows geometrically (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, . . .) while food supply grows arithmetically (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, . . .). |
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Definition
| A statistical measure representing the number of births per year for every thousand people in a given population. |
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Definition
| The scientific study of human population, including size, growth, movement, density, and composition. |
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Definition
| Population stability achieved when each woman has no more than two children. |
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Definition
| Malthus’s term for measures and activities by which the life span of an existing human being is shortened in some way. |
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Definition
| Malthus’s term for measures and activities in which people attempt to prevent births in some manner. |
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Definition
| A statistical measure representing the number of deaths per year for every thousand people in a given population. |
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Definition
| The movement of people out of their native land to other countries. |
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Definition
| The average number of live-born children produced by women of childbearing age in a particular society. |
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Definition
| An early and now largely discredited view of social evolution emphasizing the importance of "survival of the fittest" or the struggle between individuals, groups, or societies as the motor of development. |
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Definition
| Government aid (in the form of services and money) to the poor. |
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Term
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Definition
| A positive feedback cycle between two variables A and B, so that an increase in A causes an increase in B, which then causes a further increase in A. An example of such a relationship is that between the mode of production and reproduction. |
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Term
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Definition
| The change of biological organisms by means of adaptation to the demands of the physical environment. |
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