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| (1870-1924)Russian Revolutionary and founder of Bolshevism; he rose to power in Russian after the Russian Revolution in 1917. Based Ideas off of Karl Marx |
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| (1872-1916) Self proclaimed holy man, prominent, at the core of Czar Nicholas II, viewed as corrupt, less support for Czarist Russian because of him |
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| (1879-1940) Russian Communist Revolutionary, negotiated peace between Russian and Central Powers to end Russia involvement in WWI |
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| a Marxist group that wanted to change Russia through a revolution, overthrow the czar so the prolariats could gain control and make a socialist country, they won on Nov. 1917 |
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| councils of workers and soldiers |
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| (1953-1979) Totalitarian dictator of Soviet Union, led Soviet Union through WWII |
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| government officials make all basic economic decisions |
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| large farms owned and operated by peasants as a group |
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| Chinese nationalist leader that was against Mao; supported by the US; loss to Mao, so he and his followers fled to Taiwan |
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| This man became the leader of the Chinese Communist Party and remained its leader until his death. He declared the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949 and supported the Chinese peasantry throughout his life. |
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| The 6,000-mile (9,600-kilometer) flight of Chinese Communists from southeastern to northwestern China. The Communists, led by Mao Zedong, were pursued by the Chinese army under orders from Chiang Kai-shek. (789) |
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| To protest the Rowlatt Act, Indians gathered in Amritsar, where British troops fired on the crowd killing several hundred. This sparked further protests |
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| A philosopher from India, this man was a spiritual and moral leader favoring India's independence from Great Britain. He practiced passive resistance, civil disobedience and boycotts to generate social and political change. |
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| Turkish statesman who abolished the caliphate and founded Turkey as a modern secular state (1881-1938) |
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| An arrangement to receive cash, goods, or services now and pay for them in the future. |
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| October 29, 1929; the day the stock market crashed. Lead to the Panic of 1929 |
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| the economic crisis beginning with the stock market crash in 1929 and continuing through the 1930s |
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| Franklin Delano Roosevelt |
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| the 32nd president of the United States. He was president from 1933 until his death in 1945 during both the Great Depression and World War II. He is the only president to have been elected 4 times, a feat no longer permissible due to the 22nd Amendment to the Constitution. |
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| the historic period (1933-1940) in the U.S. during which President Franklin Roosevelt's economic policies were implemented |
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| English economist who advocated the use of government monetary and fiscal policy to maintain full employment without inflation (1883-1946) |
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| legislation passed in 1930 that established very high tariffs. Its objective was to reduce imports and stimulate the domestic economy, but it resulted only in retaliatory tariffs by other nations |
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| Situation in 1931 when Japanese troops, claiming that Chinese soldiers had tried to blow up a railway line, took matters into their own hands by capturing several southern Manchurian cities, and by continuing to take over the country even after Chinese troops had withdrawn. |
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| Military takeover of Manchuria by the Japanese. Was not supported by the civilian government, which fell apart in response. Condemned by the newly formed League of Nations, |
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| Between Hitler and Japan; offered security against Russia. |
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| (1937) the murder of as many as 300,000 Chinese men, women, and children by Japanese troops |
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| Fascist dictator of Italy (1922-1943). He led Italy to conquer Ethiopia (1935), joined Germany in the Axis pact (1936), and allied Italy with Germany in World War II. He was overthrown in 1943 when the Allies invaded Italy. (p. 786) |
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| political system based on a strong centralized government headed by a dictator |
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| a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.) |
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| Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition (1879-1953) |
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| a Russian prison camp for political prisoners |
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| This dictator was the leader of the Nazi Party. He believed that strong leadership was required to save Germanic society, which was at risk due to Jewish, socialist, democratic, and liberal forces. |
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| established legal basis in Nazi Germany for discrimination against Jews. |
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| the political party founded in Germany in 1919 and brought to power by Hitler in 1933 |
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| Night of Broken Glass, Nov 9 1938 night when the Nazis killed or injured many jews & destroyed many jewish propertys |
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| the act of appeasing (as by acceding to the demonds of) |
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| British statesman and leader during World War II |
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| in World War II, the nations of Germany, Italy, and Japan, which had formed an alliance in 1936. |
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| 1939-Secret agreement between German leader Hitler and Soviet Leader Stalin not to attack one another and to divide Poland |
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| "Lighting Wars" type of fast-moving warfare used by German forces against Poland in 1939 |
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| U.S, Britain, and Soviet union. An alliance of nations joining together to fight a common enemy |
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| the prolonged bombardment of British cities by the German Luftwaffe during World War II and the aerial combat that accompanied it |
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| This general was premier of Japan during World War II while this man was dictator of the country. He gave his approval for the attack on Pearl Harbor and played a major role in Japan's military decisions until he resigned in 1944 |
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| a policy of nonparticipation in international economic and political relations |
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| German field marshal noted for brilliant generalship in North Africa during World War II (1891-1944) |
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| 1942-British victory in WWII that stopped the Axis forces from advancing into Northern Africa |
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| leader of the Allied forces in Europe during WW2--leader of troops in Africa and commander in D-Day invasion-elected president-president during integration of Little Rock Central High School |
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| (1941–1942) Nazi army’s unsuccessful attempt to capture the city of Leningrad in the Soviet Union during World War II; as many as 1 million civilians perished during the siege |
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| (1942) World War II battle between invading German forces and Soviet defenders for control of Stalingrad, a city on the Volga River; each side sustained hundreds of thousands of casualties; Germany’s defeat marked turning point in the war |
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| legislation passed in 1930 that established very high tariffs. Its objective was to reduce imports and stimulate the domestic economy, but it resulted only in retaliatory tariffs by other nations |
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Term
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Definition
| Situation in 1931 when Japanese troops, claiming that Chinese soldiers had tried to blow up a railway line, took matters into their own hands by capturing several southern Manchurian cities, and by continuing to take over the country even after Chinese troops had withdrawn. |
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Term
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Definition
| Military takeover of Manchuria by the Japanese. Was not supported by the civilian government, which fell apart in response. Condemned by the newly formed League of Nations, |
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Definition
| Between Hitler and Japan; offered security against Russia. |
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Definition
| (1937) the murder of as many as 300,000 Chinese men, women, and children by Japanese troops |
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Definition
| Fascist dictator of Italy (1922-1943). He led Italy to conquer Ethiopia (1935), joined Germany in the Axis pact (1936), and allied Italy with Germany in World War II. He was overthrown in 1943 when the Allies invaded Italy. (p. 786) |
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Term
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Definition
| political system based on a strong centralized government headed by a dictator |
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Term
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Definition
| a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.) |
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Definition
| Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition (1879-1953) |
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Definition
| a Russian prison camp for political prisoners |
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Definition
| This dictator was the leader of the Nazi Party. He believed that strong leadership was required to save Germanic society, which was at risk due to Jewish, socialist, democratic, and liberal forces. |
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Definition
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| established legal basis in Nazi Germany for discrimination against Jews. |
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Definition
| the political party founded in Germany in 1919 and brought to power by Hitler in 1933 |
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Term
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Definition
| Night of Broken Glass, Nov 9 1938 night when the Nazis killed or injured many jews & destroyed many jewish propertys |
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Term
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Definition
| the act of appeasing (as by acceding to the demonds of) |
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Definition
| British statesman and leader during World War II |
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Term
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Definition
| in World War II, the nations of Germany, Italy, and Japan, which had formed an alliance in 1936. |
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Definition
| 1939-Secret agreement between German leader Hitler and Soviet Leader Stalin not to attack one another and to divide Poland |
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Term
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Definition
| "Lighting Wars" type of fast-moving warfare used by German forces against Poland in 1939 |
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Term
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Definition
| U.S, Britain, and Soviet union. An alliance of nations joining together to fight a common enemy |
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Term
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Definition
| the prolonged bombardment of British cities by the German Luftwaffe during World War II and the aerial combat that accompanied it |
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Term
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Definition
| This general was premier of Japan during World War II while this man was dictator of the country. He gave his approval for the attack on Pearl Harbor and played a major role in Japan's military decisions until he resigned in 1944 |
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Definition
| a policy of nonparticipation in international economic and political relations |
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Definition
| German field marshal noted for brilliant generalship in North Africa during World War II (1891-1944) |
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Definition
| 1942-British victory in WWII that stopped the Axis forces from advancing into Northern Africa |
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Definition
| leader of the Allied forces in Europe during WW2--leader of troops in Africa and commander in D-Day invasion-elected president-president during integration of Little Rock Central High School |
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| (1941–1942) Nazi army’s unsuccessful attempt to capture the city of Leningrad in the Soviet Union during World War II; as many as 1 million civilians perished during the siege |
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Definition
| (1942) World War II battle between invading German forces and Soviet defenders for control of Stalingrad, a city on the Volga River; each side sustained hundreds of thousands of casualties; Germany’s defeat marked turning point in the war |
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| United States general who served as chief of staff and commanded Allied forces in the South Pacific during World War II |
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| Japanese forced about 60,000 of americans and philippines to march 100 miles with little food and water, most died or were killed on the way |
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| U.S. naval victory over the Japanese fleet in June 1942, in which the Japanese lost four of their best aircraft carriers. It marked a turning point in World War II. |
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| (1942-1943) World War II battle in the Pacific; it represented the first Allied counter-attack against Japanese forces; Allied victory forced Japanese forces to abandon the island |
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| forced to leave a country |
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| the Nazi program of exterminating Jews under Hitler |
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| a poor densely populated city district occupied by a minority ethnic group linked together by economic hardship and social restrictions |
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| Mobile units of the Security Police and SS Security Service that followed the German armies to Poland in 1939 and to the Soviet Union in June, 1941. their charge was to kill all Jews as well as communists |
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| prison camps established by Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party for Jews and other political prisoners during the war. |
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| an act of great destruction and loss of life |
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| June 6, 1944 - Led by Eisenhower, over a million troops (the largest invasion force in history) stormed the beaches at Normandy and began the process of re-taking France. The turning point of World War II. |
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| Victory in Europe Day, May 8, 1945 |
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| (1945) World War II battle between Japanese forces and invading U.S. troops |
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| (1945) World War II victory for the Allied troops that resulted in the deaths of almost all of the 100,000 Japanese defenders; the battle claimed 12,000 American lives |
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| Became president when FDR died; gave the order to drop the atomic bomb |
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| emperor of Japan during WWII |
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| August 15, 1945 - the Victory in Japan Day when the Japanese surrendered |
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| 1945 Meeting with US president FDR, British Prime Minister(PM) Winston Churchill, and and Soviet Leader Stalin during WWII to plan for post-war |
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| an organization of independent states formed in 1945 to promote international peace and security |
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| July 26, 1945 - Allied leaders Truman, Stalin and Churchill met in Germany to set up zones of control and to inform the Japanese that if they refused to surrender at once, they would face total destruction. |
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| Series of trials in 1945 conducted by an International Military Tribunal in which former Nazi leaders were charged with crimes against peace, crimes against humanity, and war crimes |
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| A conflict that was between the US and the Soviet Union. The nations never directly confronted each other on the battlefield but deadly threats went on for years. |
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| an impenetrable barrier to communication or information especially as imposed by rigid censorship and secrecy |
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| President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology |
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| a United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (1948-1952) |
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| (military) the act of containing something or someone |
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| airlift in 1948 that supplied food and fuel to citizens of west Berlin when the Russians closed off land access to Berlin |
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| an international organization created in 1949 by the North Atlantic Treaty for purposes of collective security |
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| treaty signed in 1945 that formed an alliance of the Eastern European countries behind the Iron Curtain; USSR, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Romania |
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| a nuclear weapon that releases atomic energy by union of light (hydrogen) nuclei at high temperatures to form helium |
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| the act or process of discouraging actions or preventing occurrences by instilling fear or doubt or anxiety |
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| a competition between nations to have the most powerful armaments |
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| a Russian artificial satellite |
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| failed invasion of Cuba in 1961 when a force of 1,200 Cuban exiles, backed by the United States, landed at the Bay of Pigs. |
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| the 1962 confrontation bewteen US and the Soviet Union over Soviet missiles in Cuba |
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| Developing countries that announced their neutrality in the Cold War. |
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| the easing of tensions or strained relations (especially between nations) |
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| U.S. Baptist minister and civil rights leader. A noted orator, he opposed discrimination against blacks by organizing nonviolent resistance and peaceful mass demonstrations. He was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee. Nobel Peace Prize (1964) |
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| a culture with lifestyles and values opposed to those of the established culture |
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| a union of interests or purposes or sympathies among members of a group |
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| Soviet statesman whose foreign policy brought an end to the Cold War and whose domestic policy introduced major reforms (born in 1931) |
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| a policy of the Soviet government allowing freer discussion of social problems |
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| a policy initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev that involved restructuring of the social and economic status quo in communist Russia towards a market based economy and society |
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| (1989) a quick, peaceful revolution that swept the Communists from power in Czechoslovakia |
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| President of the Russian Republic in 1991. Helped end the USSR and force Gorbachev to resign. |
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| the mass expulsion and killing of one ethic or religious group in an area by another ethnic or religious group in that area |
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| an organization created in 1993 with the aim of achieving closer economic and political union between member states of the European Community. |
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| an organization of Vietnamese Communists and other nationalist groups that between 1946 and 1954 fought for Vietnamese independence from the French |
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| Vietnamese communist statesman who fought the Japanese in World War II and the French until 1954 and South Vietnam until 1975 (1890-1969) |
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| the political theory that if one nation comes under Communist control then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control |
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| the guerrilla soldiers of the Communist faction in Vietnam, also know as the National Liberation Front |
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