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Modern Biology Chapter 13
Definitions
23
Biology
Not Applicable
12/04/2005

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Term
cloning vector
Definition
a carrier used to clone a gene and transfer it from one organism
Term
DNA fingerprint
Definition
a pattern of bands made up of specific fragments from an
Term
DNA technology
Definition
technology involved in genetic engineering (239)
Term
donor gene
Definition
a specific gene that is isolated from another organism and spliced
Term
gel electrophoresis
Definition
technique used to separate nucleic acids or proteins by size
Term
gene clone
Definition
an exact copy of a gene (240)
Term
gene therapy
Definition
treatment of a genetic disorder by introducing a healthy gene into
Term
genetic engineering
Definition
a form of applied genetics in which scientists directly
Term
genomic library
Definition
a set of thousands of DNA pieces cut by a specific restriction
Term
herbicide
Definition
weed-controlling chemicals (251)
Term
Human Genome Project
Definition
worldwide scientific collaboration to determine the
Term
insulin
Definition
a hormone that lowers the blood glucose level (241)
Term
nitrogen fixation
Definition
the process by which gaseous nitrogen in the air is
Term
pathogen
Definition
an organism that causes disease (250)
Term
plasmid
Definition
a single ring of extrachromosomal DNA in bacteria (240)
Term
polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Definition
technique used to quickly make many
Term
probe
Definition
a radioactive segment of DNA used in DNA fingerprinting (244)
Term
recombinant
Definition
DNA a DNA segment from at least two different
Term
restriction enzyme
Definition
a protein that recognizes specific sequences in a DNA
Term
RFLP analysis
Definition
restriction fragment length polymorphism; the method for
Term
sticky end
Definition
the single-stranded end of a double-stranded DNA fragment that
Term
transgenic organism
Definition
a host organism that has received recombinant
Term
Vaccine
Definition
a solution containing a harmless version of a virus, bacterium, or toxin
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