Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Modern Art Midterm Jenneke
Artists and movements
48
Art History
Undergraduate 2
02/22/2011

Additional Art History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Manet

Impressionism

 

not just a subject, everyday scene

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Monet

Impressionism

 

1872 “Impression Sunrise”

-short brushstrokes, emphasis on construction of piece built up

-impressions of moments of day, subjects change as the light does during the day, especially outside

-no sharp lines or colors creating a strict contour

“Rouen Cathedrals”

-Monet makes impressionism most clear with his series

-cathedrals so not change color realistically, yet in different moments of the day they seem to take on the color of the surrounding light during a specific time of day

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Degas

Impressionism

 

 “Glass of Absinthe”

-strange compositions, lower half and left tables and background cut off, leading the line of view to people, very lifelike

-more focused on what kind of people they are/ how they feel

-cut-off compositions typical of Degas, also in Japanese woodcuts

-imitation of haphazard snapshots seem even more lifelike, photographic view

-Ballet dancer paintings capture the moment

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Renoir

Impressionism

 

1876 “Ball at Moulande Gallet”

-emphasis on brushstrokes, light effecting everyday scene

-impression of party, no specific person, more about idea of fun

1880s “Rocks at LeStac”

-outdoors, bright sunlight, shading, blur, small strokes blending different colors

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Cezanne

Post-Impressionism

 

1839-1906

-more steadiness, real qualities of a subject (not just atmospheric moments)

-brushstrokes broad, short, sturdy; like color patches

-more constructed

-not hazy or atmospheric; things farther away he paints just as clearly as things in the foreground, manipulating things in nature (but not to point out a symbol or express feeling)

-”finding shapes in nature” (volume exagerrated, more solid structure)

-tilts stretches perspective to make new, more interesting composition

-‘father of cubism’

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Seurat

Post-Impressionism, Pointillism

 

1859-1891

-small brushstrokes in different colors close together to brighten different colors (blends in the eye of the viewer) (same theory used in Pointillism/Neo-Impressionism/ Divisionism)

-frozen, staged, background scenery, all in profile (less spontaneous than impressionistic piece)

-no outlines yet shapes much clearer, defined and steady

-inspired by Egyptian works, all in profile

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Toulouse-Lautrec

Post-Impressionism

 

1864-1901

-discussed as both Impressionist and Post-Impressionist

-composition cut off (as Degas)

-painted typically outcasts, felt connected (illness made his legs deformed)

-actresses, dancers

-posters for venues (ex. Moulin Rouge)

-big shapes, strong outlines for ads, flat areas of color

-liveliness still present

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Van Gogh

Post-Impressionism

 

1853-1890

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Gauguin

Post-Impressionism

 

1848-1903

-connected in some ways to symbolism

-was a stockbroker, led to him hating material wealth

-settled in western France, harmony with nature, humble life

-paints shepherdesses, etc.

-outstanding solid white/dark areas, so post-impressionist

-unrealistic, color distorts the scene, it is not clear where they are

-clear outlines (Cloissonism, enamel technique engraving with a small wire, fill in area between wire outline with color)

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Redon

Symbolism

 

-creepy creatures

-undefined atmosphere, like symbolism

-gloomy haze sends symbolic message

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Munch

Symbolism

 

-away from reality to make the inner experience more clear (unlike impressionist everyday scenes)

-inner vision, idea or feeling to communicate by exaggerating or overemphasizing things

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Klimt

Symbolism

 

-anxious extravagance, expressing evil and beauty at the same time

-mosaic style

-rich, ornate colors

-compact visualization emphasizes symbol/feeling

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Rousseau

Symbolism

 

-more peaceful but still mystery

-very distinct encyclopedic plants, wallpaper flowers, no formal training

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Picasso

Symbolism

 

-blue and pink periods (color and sadness, depicting outcasts)

-much more distorted, mood more important

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Horta

Art Nouveu

 

-‘father of art nouveau architecture’

-‘Belgian line’ = curved spiraling lines

-Hotel Tassel in Brussels 

-exterior modest, interior intricate

-raw materials, lines swirl and match movement with nature

-wide spaces, light passing through

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Guimard

Art Nouveu

nature imagery more eclectic

sometimes referred to as 'Style Metro'

reflects Art Deco as well

Definition
[image]
Term

Rennie Mackintosh

Art Nouveau

linear style of grids, elongated vertical lines and curves

Definition
[image]
Term

Mucha

Art Nouveau

 

-mainly posters featuring woman with floral backgrounds

-Sarah Bernhardt launched his career by insisting he should be the only one to design posters and costumes (contracting him)

-‘Gismonda’

-life-size

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Gaudi

Art Nouveau/Modernisme

 

-Barcelona’s leading architect in modernism

-shell and bone motifs

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Matisse

Fauvism

 

-‘king of Fauves’

-color and distortion for expression

-joy of life/color, arabesque (curving) lines

-expressing harmony and beauty

-simplification, the art of omission

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Derain

Fauvism

 

-think dotted brushstrokes, people painted as bright blobs of paint

-patchwork and blob people, confused perspective

-simply fun of using colors, no deeper meaning

 

Definition
[image]
Term

De Vlaminck

Fauvism

fauvist expressive blocks of color in landscapes

Definition
[image]
Term

Modersohn-Becker

Expressionism

art as a vehicle for subjective vision

portraits, self-portraits, mother and child scenes using color and pattern symbollically

Definition
[image]
Term

Nolde

Expressionism

pioneered portraits with mysticism

interested in primitive art

combine simple, dynamic rythms and dramatic colors to strartling effect

graphic art exploits black and white (very original)

Definition
[image]
Term

Kokoschka

Expressionism

'psychological portraits'

"there is an outpouring of feeling into the image which becomes, as it were, the soul's plastic embodiment"

Definition
[image]
Term

Schiele

Expressionism

aggressive, nervous lines

imprisoned for 24 days for exhibiting "pornographic" drawings

series of self-portraits capturing narcissism and angst

Definition
[image]
Term

Kirchner

Expressionism

masklike faces

color and line used symbolically and emotively

Definition
[image]
Term

Kandinsky

Der Blaue Rieter

 

music major theme in his artworks

-started lyrical abstraction (non-representational art)

-bold black shadows

-Christian images, Jerusalem etc. (folkloric)

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Marc

Der Blaue Reiter

(German expressionism)

soft colors, abstract view of nature 

spititual

Definition
[image]
Term

Macke

Der Blaue Reiter

urban, joyful city scenes in harmonies of expressive color

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Klee

Der Blaue Reiter

'Art does not reproduce the visible, rather, it makes visable'

experiments with color, semi-abstract lyrical

patchwork both delicate and expressive

Definition
[image]
Term

Braque

Cubism

 

-shapes more defined 

-bigger use of certain colors, longer, smoother brushstrokes

-shape over color (analytical cubism)

-multiple viewpoints combined within one picture

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Juan Gris (1887-1927)

Cubism

 

-less colorful, quieter depictions, symmetrical

-starts with abstraction to create shape

-synthetic: pushes objects together as if in collage

-a lot flatter space

-still playing with depth, perspective, abstraction to create ambiguous space

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Boccioni

Futurism

 

- wrote futurist manifestos with others

-temporal space shows dynamic speed and noise of modern age

-rapid movement in cyclical sense

-vibrant colors indicate celebration of technology

-quick efficient movement

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Delaunay

Orphism

Robert and Sonia

 

-fragmentation of cubism 

-more colorful and abstract, also freer

-all about vibration of color and shape

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Rodin

Sculpture

(1840-1917)

-in the hair you see the process of Rodin’s ‘unfinished’ look, also in the water he makes that translation

-not idealizing as the neo-classicists do; Rodin emphasizes real life, defects and wrinkles that give sculpture character, really showing how life is and how people are

-viewpoints from every angle equally important

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Claudel

 

(Rodin’s assistant and lost lover)

-movement, passion, bodies come out of a sort of torrent rather than solid rock

-the whole sculpture is out of equilibrium (The Waltz)

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Brancusi

 

(1876-1957)

-begins to reduce, leave features out of faces

-eggshape to represent promise egg can hold, ‘promise of life’

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Malevich

Suprematism

 

-black square is feeling, white background is endless void

-different angles, movement=cubism (knife-sharpener)

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Tatlin

Suprematism

 

(1914-15)

-abstract constructions (constructivism)

-metal, wood, steel, wire, iron, zinc, aluminum

-art should have a social purpose/function

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Gabo

Suprematism

 

(1916-17)

-pure abstract derived from possibilities of working with different materials

 

Definition
[image]
Term

El Lissitsky

Suprematism

 

-The Constructor

-Ambassador of Communist Russia, through his work he was an international figure and traveler

-also translated his paintings to interiors (nonfunctional)

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Mondriaan

De Stijl

 

-ideas not restricted to the canvas

-harmonious designs of color planes

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Van Doesburg

De Stijl

 

(1920)

-dynamic overlapping feeling provoking movement

-cut-off, tilted composition

-also wanted to effect real life, produced interiors

 

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Rietveld

De Stijl

 

(1918)

-constructionist chair

-also houses with colored rectangular blocks and moveable rooms

 

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Gropius

Bauhaus

(1925)

-funds Dessau

-curtain wall made of jumbo glass

-consistently separated parts according to functions

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Picasso

 

‘all surfaces of an object visible’ 

-collage, geometric shapes, straight sharp lines

 

-Pulling different shapes out of picture, changing depth and perspective

 

 

Definition
[image]
Term

Kandinsky

Bauhaus

fascination with shapes and color

 

Definition
[image]
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