Term
| What is a missile in the heart? |
|
Definition
| Anything that penetrates the heart that should not be there such as a knife, bullet, etc. |
|
|
Term
| What are some of the things that can happen when a missile penetrates the heart? |
|
Definition
myocardial rupture
ASD or VSD
valvular disruption
pericardial effusion
coronary artery trauma |
|
|
Term
| What is a physical sign that a patient has a missile in the heart? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
How does a metal missile in the heart
appear on echo? |
|
Definition
| As a ring down artifact or a reverberation artifact. |
|
|
Term
What should be ruled out if a patient has an
effusion from a missile in the heart? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What should be used to rule out valvular disruption? |
|
Definition
| Color Doppler for leaking. |
|
|
Term
| If the coronary arteries are involved in a missile entering the heart, what should be assessed? |
|
Definition
| The walls for abnormal wall motion. |
|
|
Term
| If an ASD is seen due to a missile entering the heart, what other test should be performed? |
|
Definition
| A saline bubble study to look for a shunt. |
|
|
Term
| True or False? Most cardiac thrombi occur spontaneously. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the main cause for a right sided thrombus? |
|
Definition
| DVT that can travel to the pulmonary system. |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common cause of a left atrial thrombus? |
|
Definition
| Afib due to LAE from diseases such as MS. |
|
|
Term
| To rule out an artifact as not being a thrombus, what additional test could be performed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What types of treatments would a patient with a left sided thrombus in the heart receive? |
|
Definition
anticoagulants
resection if needed |
|
|
Term
| What types of treatments would a patient with a right sided thrombus in the heart receive? |
|
Definition
anticoagulants
resection if needed
IVC filter if needed |
|
|
Term
Which type of tumor is most common in the heart?
Benign or Malignant |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What percent of cardiac tumors are primary? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which are more common?
secondary, malignant or primary malignant tumors |
|
Definition
| secondary, malignant are more common |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common cardiac tumor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common right-sided tumor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common tumor found in children? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What classification of tumor is a myxoma?
multilobular, pedunculated or layered |
|
Definition
| Pedunculated because it has a stalk. |
|
|
Term
| If a myxoma is melignant instead of benign, what is the cause for the myxoma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are some symptoms a patient may have if
they have a myxoma? |
|
Definition
Malaise
Dyspnea
Syncope
Fever
Weight Loss
Clubbing |
|
|
Term
| What murmur does a myxoma mimic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is the most common location for a myxoma to develop? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the biggest concern for a patient
with a myxoma? |
|
Definition
| A piece embolizes and causes a TIA or stroke |
|
|
Term
How can a sonographer determine a mass in the
heart is a myxoma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Where is the most common location
for a myxoma stalk to develop? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the treatment for a myxoma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common, primary - malignant tumor in the heart? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What layer of the heart does an angiosarcoma develop from during heart formation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At what age are most angiosarcomas found? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What typical symptoms a patient with
an angiosarcoma have? |
|
Definition
Chest pain
Shortness of Breath
Malaise
Fever |
|
|
Term
What typical signs a patient with
an angiosarcoma have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What pathophysiological problems do patients with an angiosarcoma develop? |
|
Definition
EKG abnormalities
Tamponade |
|
|
Term
What anatomy should be interrogated by echocardiogram
in a patient with an angiosarcoma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What possible treatments will a patient with an
angiosarcoma recieve? |
|
Definition
chemotherapy
surgical resection (difficult)
heart transplant |
|
|
Term
| What is the cause for a rhabdomyoma? |
|
Definition
| Alteration in the myocyte during heart formation. |
|
|
Term
| What are the complications due to a rhabdomyoma? |
|
Definition
Electrical pathway obstruction
Cardiac failure
Sudden death |
|
|
Term
| Where are most rhabdomyomas seen? |
|
Definition
|
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