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Midterm
Study Guide
44
Biology
9th Grade
10/06/2011

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Abiotic Factors
Definition
non-living things in an ecosystem
Term
Acid Precipitation
Definition
any form of precipitation, that contains sulfur or nitric acid(nitrogen cycle)
Term
Age Structure/Trend Diagram
Definition
diagrams that show how a population is distributed
Term
autotroph
Definition
organisms that capture energy from sunlight to make their own food(producers)
Term
Biodiversity
Definition
he number and variety of organisms found within a specified geographic region
Term
Biomass pyramid
Definition
graphical representation to show the relative amounts of biomass at each trophic level and biomass is largest at the base, and decreasing in amount as it gets higher.
Term
Biome
Definition
group of ecosystems that have the same climate and similar dominant communities.
Term
Biosphere
Definition
portion of earth that supports life
Term
Biotic Factors
Definition
living things in an ecosystem
Term
Carbon Cycle
Definition
carbon is neccesary for life, anything organic contains carbon...steps- photosynthesis->stored in plants->stored in animals->respiration->decomposers->fossil fuels->combustion->atmosphere(carbon dioxide reservoir)
Term
carrying capacity
Definition
the greatest # of individuals in a population the environment can hold at that point in time.
Term
climax community
Definition
populations of plants or animals remain stable and exist in balance with each other and their environment
Term
Commensalism
Definition
symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits and the other is neither benefits or is harmed
Term
Community
Definition
a collection of interacting populations
Term
Conservation Biology
Definition
deals with the effects of humans on the environment and with the conservation of biological diversity
Term
Consumer
Definition
organisms who can't make their own food, as a result they feed on other organisms(heterotroph)
Term
Decomposer
Definition
organisms that help breakdown organic material
Term
Demography
Definition
the type of organisms in an environment and how their population grows and decline
Term
Density-dependent factors
Definition
factors that rely on the # of organisms in a given area
Term
Density-Independent factors
Definition
factors not determined by population density.
Term
Desert
Definition
Sand dunes,no soil and less than 25cm of rain annually, hot climate, plants spread roots to take in more water.
Term
Ecology
Definition
the study of the interactions between organisms, their environment,and other organisms.
Term
Ecosystem
Definition
interactions among the pop. in a community and the communities physical surroundings
Term
emigration
Definition
new species coming into a pop.
Term
endangered species
Definition
a species whose numbers are so small that the species is at risk of extinction.
Term
energy pyramid
Definition
organisms feed->energy becomes available to the consumer, 10% is passed on,the larger the food chain the less energy at the top, measured in joules(j)
Term
evaporation
Definition
removal of water from land, heat from the sun evaporates water from oceans,lakes etc.
Term
Exotic Species
Definition
plant or animal species introduced into an area where they do not occur naturally
Term
Exponential growth
Definition
growth that increases at a constant % each time
Term
Extinction
Definition
A breed where it is no longer possible to recreate the breed population
Term
Food chain
Definition
sequence of organisms, each of which uses the next, lower member of the sequence as a food source.
Term
food web
Definition
The feeding relationships by which energy and nutrients are transferred from one species to another.
Term
Global Warming
Definition
An increase in the near surface temperature of the Earth
Term
Grassland
Definition
moist and deep, soft brezzes and 2 main seasons, warm and rainy climate, plants dont need much water7animals dig holes underground when it gets hot
Term
Greenhouse Effect
Definition
The warming of the Earth's atmosphere attributed to a buildup of carbon dioxide or other gases
Term
groundwater
Definition
portion of the water beneath the surface of the earth
Term
Habitat
Definition
place where organisms live
Term
Heterotroph
Definition
organisms who cant make their own food , so they feed on other organisms(consumer)
Term
Immigration
Definition
movement of organisms to a specific area
Term
growth
Definition
shows a change in size [+/-]
Term
Limiting Factor
Definition
a condition that may have a negative influence on a populations ability to thrive.
Term
mutualism
Definition
symbiotic relationships in which both organisms benefit
Term
Niche
Definition
an organisms role in its environment
Term
Ozone layer
Definition
protective layer in the atmosphere,that absorbs some of the sun's uv rays
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