Photosynthesis- sunlight is used to manufacture  a carbohydrate

6Co2+6H20+energy=>glucose+6O2

Key concepts:

• Occurs in chloroplast
• Converts sun-light to chemical energy of sugar C-H bonds
• O2 and C02 DO NOT COMBINE!
• O from Co2 doesn't come out as O2
• 2 sets of rxn: ligt dependent and independent =>result: CO2-->sugar

HOW light is absorbed?

In thylakoid membrane by pigments

Types of pigments:

1.Chloropyll a and b absorb red and blue light<= appear green

2.Caratinoids - absorb blue and green<= appear yellow red and orange (have 2 functions):

•  Extend the range of light absorb
•  Protective - stabilize free radicals+flavonids act as sunscreen

Componets:

1.Antenna complex- passes Energy absorbed from a photon to another chlorophyll

2.Reaction center:

excited e =>e accpetor=>oxidized=>

Electromagnetic en. transformed to chemical

PHTOSYSTEM II-production of ATP located in thylakoid membrane

splitting of water:H20-->4H+4e+O2

pheophytin -e accpetor=>rxn center is oxidized

photoposphorylation - light captured by chloroplast transformed to chemical energy

photon strikes-e->Ferrodoxin-2NADP+2H->2NADPH

UP TO THIS POINT EVRYTHING IS LIGHT DEPENDENT

Rubisco:

catalyzes RubP+CO2

8 active sites for CO2 fixation, extremely slow(also fixes O2)