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| a term that means total abandonment of the Church or the Catholic faith |
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| The name given to the “People of God” who come together from the ends of the earth. For Christians, the term has three meanings: the People of God gathered from the whole world; the local church (diocese), and the liturgical assembly (primarily at Eucharist). |
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| A Greek term, for “service.” Christ commissioned his Church to translate words of love into concrete acts of service for all people, especially the poor, the lonely, the imprisoned, the sick and suffering. |
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| A world-wide, official assembly of the bishops under the direction of the Pope. There have been twenty-one Ecumenical Councils in history, the most recent being the Second Vatican Council (1962-1965) |
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| The movement that seeks Christian unity and eventually the unity of all peoples throughout the world. |
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| A description of sacrament; a sign of grace instituted by Christ and entrusted to the Church. A sacrament is an efficacious symbol because it is a concrete, outward, visible sign that is, at the same time, what it represents. |
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| A false teaching that denies an essential (dogmatic) teaching of the Church. |
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| The sacred leadership of the Church that is made up of the Pope, bishops, priests, and deacons. The Pope is the symbol of unity in the church and the successor to St. Peter. |
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| A Greek word for the “proclamation? Of religious truths about Jesus Christ (e.g., that he is the way, the truth, and the life.) |
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| The Greek word for “fellowship.” Christians are called to build fellowship with one another so that they can be a sign of Christ to the world. |
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| Latin term for liturgy, which means “work of the public.” The liturgy is the work of the Blessed Trinity; the Father is the source of liturgy, Christ pours out the blessings of the Redemption he won for us on the cross through the sacraments, and the Holy Spirit enlightens our faith and encourages our response. |
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| The teaching authority of the church. The Lord bestowed the right to teach in his name on the Apostles and their successors, that is, the bishops with the Pope as their leader. |
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| A term to describe God’s hidden plan for mankind. St. Augustine defines it as “a visible sign of invisible grace.” The Church is a mystery. |
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| An invisible sign of invisible grace. An efficacious symbol, a sacrament is an outward sign instituted by Christ to confer grace. |
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| Foufold mission-share the message, live in community, serve others, and worship the Lord. |
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| Both Christians and Jews believe in one God, the same God. The Torah is very similar to the Old Testament. Both believe humans are born with a sinful nature. Both were the “chosen people” |
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| The church is one because she was established by Christ and given life by the Holy Spirit. We can help by using charity, service & faith to unite everyone. The three visible bonds of oneness: profession of one faith, worship of God celebrated in common, succession of the bishops through Holy Orders. |
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| One- source of unity Holy Trinity, three visible bonds of oneness, unity foes not negate diversity. Holy- holiness is the original blessing and Jesus Christ is the model of holiness in the Church. Catholic- means “general” or “universal”, roots from the Greek term katha holos which literally means, “To include everyone”. Apostolic- “one who is sent” the Church remains apostolic because it was founded by the Apostles, it passes on the Apostles’ teaching unchanged, and it continues to be taught, made holy, and sanctified by the Apostles’ successors as it spreads Christ’s message and carries out his ministry in the world today. |
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| one of the five great patriarchates; one of the two leading theological schools was located here; missionary center for Gentile Christianity and the home base for the journeys of St. Paul |
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| "one who is sent" people who were sent by Jesus to continue his work (12) |
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the name for a late first century or early second century writer who personally knew the Apostles or their disciples. St. Clement, St. Ignatius of Antioch, and
Polycarp are three Apostolic Fathers of the early Church. |
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| a name used for Christian writers who defended the Church against anti-Christian writings or heresies through the use of reason and intellectual defenses. |
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| the official list of the inspired books of the Bible. Catholics list forty-six Old Testament books and twenty-seven New Testament books in the canon |
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| resolved the conflict that had threatened Church unity; decided that Gentile converts were not subject to Jewish regulations except to avoid illicit marriages and to abstain from food offered to idols (refer to chp. 2 notes packet page 2) |
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| assistants who helped the Apostles in their work, for example, by taking up collections for the poor, visiting the sick and distributing communion |
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| required all citizens to have a certificate proving that they offered sacrifice to the pagan gods of the Empire; he put to death anyone he found without this proof |
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| the earliest known writing in Christianity aside from the New Testament. It includes a summary of Christian moral teaching and an explanation of Baptism and Eucharist. It is a Greek word that means “teaching”. |
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| last and worst of all the Roman persecutions took place under him; tried to uproot Christianity from the empire |
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| required his subjects to worship him as a god most severe persecution of the first century took place under this emperor |
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| recount the life and teachings of Jesus Christ; 4 Gospels |
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| Jewish historian who accused Christians of being subversive, a threat to civic harmony and, as atheists, responsible for the gods punishing citizens with plagues, invasions, and earthquakes |
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| wrote The First Apology and Dialogue with Trypho; was a notable apologist who tried to convince pagan intellectuals that Christianity is the truest and most intellectually satisfying philosophy |
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| falsely accused Christians of the burning of Rome to deflect blame from himself; tortured and crucified Christians |
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| had more than 800 works, among them was Hexapla, which provided the then critical edition of the Septuagint translation of the Old Testament; Church Father |
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| experienced a conversion; Saul to Paul; was decapitated in AD 67; Acts of the Apostles is about him; prime missionary to the Gentiles |
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| arrested by a Roman official and told to renounce his “atheistic” beliefs of refusing to worship the emperor and other Roman gods, but her refused; martyred, but when they tried to kill him, his body would not burn, so he was stabbed |
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| decreed capital punishment for anyone who would convert to a religion like Judaism or Christianity |
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| well known deacon; was executed; first martyr |
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| emperor who replied to Pliny the Younger’s letter saying that the accused should be punished unless they repent |
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| Reasons for spread of Christian faith |
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| Jewish Diaspora communities, easy travel and communication, the Pax Romana, a powerful spiritual message backed by powerful action |
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| Movement of center of Christianity |
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| capital was moved to Jerusalem |
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| A heresy of the fourth century that took its name from Aruis, a heretical priest from Alexandria. The heresy denied the divinity of Jesus, claiming that he was like the Father except that he was created. |
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| (732) Charles Martel led the Franks in stopping the Muslim advance. |
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| Pepin’s son, “Charles the Great,” who’s goal was to Christianize all of Europe. He created the Holy Roman Empire alienating the Byzantine Empire and focused on his genuine love of the Church. He promoted Christian learning through establishing monasteries and schools, he arranged for the copying of manuscripts, encouraged reform for clergy, and adopted the Roman sacramentary. |
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| writers of the fourth and fifth centuries with great intellect and holiness of life and were major influences on their time and future directions of the Church. They consisted of St. John Chrysostom, St. Ambrose, St. Jerome, and St. Augustine. |
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| Central figure in Church history had a dream that he would emerge victorious in a battle if he would place the Chi-Rho on the shields and banners. He won the battle and was named emperor of the Western Roman Empire. He issued the Edict of Milan; he was not baptized to Christianity until shortly before his death. |
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| Council of Constantinople |
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| (381) addressed Macedonianism and confirmed the teachings of the Council of Nicaea. The council focused on how Christ was both human and divine. |
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| (325) confronted Arianism, taught that Christ was not co-extensive (one) with God (that is not divine), and that the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit were separate and distinct. It also formulated the Nicene Creed which affirmed the doctrine of consubstantiality. |
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| namely affirmed that God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit are of one Being (Blessed Trinity.) |
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| Crowned as Holy Roman Emperor, stressed that the Catholic faith was uniting force for the various, often warring groups in the West. |
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| in 313, during Constantine’s rule this was issued by him and Licinius, which tolerated Christianity throughout the Empire. It did not allow all religions freedom of worship, it only granted special favors to the church. |
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| made an edict that ordered everyone in the Empire to become a Christian. This resulted in Christianity becoming the official religion of the Empire. |
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| (476) Pagans blamed Christians and their God for the collapse of Rome and Christians questioned how God could permit the deaths of innocents and the destruction of the center of civilization. The fall of Rome was an opportunity for the Pope emerged as a strong leader, the Church found a champion in Clovis of the Franks, and the Church engaged in missionary activity to convert the barbarians. |
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| was the first to assume the title “Servant of the Servants of God.” Through his many sermons, letters, books, commentaries and reform of the liturgy he secured the authority of the Pope and stabilized the Church throughout Europe while promoting missionary activity. (Introduced the Gregorian chant.) |
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| The doctrine, formally taught at the Council of Chalcedon, that in Jesus Christ, one divine person subsists in two natures, the divine and the human. |
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| The faith spread quickly influencing preciously Christian areas and the Roman Empire was virtually defenseless against the onslaughts of it. Charles Martel and the Franks were able to stop the Muslim advance at the Battle of Tours. |
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| was the Bishop of Rome in the Empire’s last days, he managed the affairs in Rome, fed the poor and convinced the feared Attila the Hun to spare Rome. |
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| A fourth century heresy named for a bishop of Macedonius that claimed that the Son created the Holy Spirit who was in turn subordinate to the Father and the Son. |
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| : Religious life in which men or women leave the world and enter a monastery or convent while devoting themselves to prayer, contemplation, and self-denial in solitude. |
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| A heresy of the late fifth and early sixth centuries that taught that there is only one nature in the Person of Christ, the divine nature. |
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| A heresy that concerned with relationship between the human and divine in Christ and denied Mary the title of theotokos, Mother of God, instead calling her the christotokos, Bearer of Christ. |
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| A fifth century heresy that held that humans could save themselves without God’s supernatural help. |
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| Governor of Milan; called by God’s people “because he was generally acclaimed bishop while he was yet to be a catechumen. He received the sacraments of initiation, ordained priest, and consecrated a bishop. He immediately gave away his wealth to the Church and the poor of the Church and city. He was known for his administrative and legal skills and was a great preacher whose words finally persuaded Augustine to convert to Christianity. |
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| was a hermit and is considered to be the first Christian monk. He withdrew to live an intense life of prayer, meditation, Bible reading, fasting, and penance in a desert cave. He is the father of monasticism. |
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| Greatest of Church Fathers and the most influential theologian since St. Paul. His mother was St. Monica and was eventually influenced by St Ambrose to convert to Christianity. His old life marked immorality, brokenness, and searching with his body. After his conversion (new life) he was marked by moral living, wholeness/holiness, and searching with his soul. He founded a monastery and was named bishop of Hippo. He tirelessly defended the Catholic faith against heresies. |
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| patron saint of Europe and founder of the most influential form of monasticism. During his rule a practical application for monasticism and religious life was based in moderation. |
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| established the several convents in Ireland, including a double monastery at Kildare, Ireland. |
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| Father of the Church who translated the Bible into Latin. He was smart and well educated, a brilliant mind coupled with a fiery temper. He later founded a monastery for men and several convents for the noblewomen who were his Scripture students in Rome. |
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| A Father of the Church nicknamed “Golden Mouth.” He was a great preacher and defender of the faith in the East. His words comforted the afflicted and afflicted the comfortable. He suffered personal defamation and banishment. He urged us to stay close to the Church and to live out that closeness by acts of charity and justice. |
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| In Greek, the supreme title for Mary, “God bearer” or “Mother of God.” |
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Confessions- considered by many to be the first true autobiography. Augustine experienced God when a voice said “take and read”; he began to find answers he was seeking
On the Trinity: Theological treatise on the Blessed Trinity
City of God: View of human history, because the Church includes sinners, it must always cooperate with God’s grace and work diligently to be a sign of God’s active love in the world |
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| “immerse”; Initiation into the Christian Community; Old Testament: waters of Baptism are prefigured many times; New Testament: all of the gospels report on Jesus’ own Baptism; early church saw the waters of baptism as means of connection to Christ’s death and resurrection; opens the way to reception of other sacraments; Infant Baptism or RCIA |
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| period of preparation that could take three years |
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| term used to describe the share that all the faithful have in one priesthood of Jesus Christ by virtue of being made members of the Body of Christ through their Baptism; all Christians share in the saving work of Christ by virtue of their Baptism |
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| means “thanksgiving”; Initiation of the Body of Christ; Jesus institutes the Eucharist at the Last Supper; two major aspects: Sacrificial nature of the Mass (symbolic) and the Real Presence of Christ is in the elements of the Bread and the Wine |
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| of living in the spirit of the kingdom of God (love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, generosity, faithfulness, gentleness, self-control, ect.) |
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| permanent dispositions which enable us to follow the prompting of the Holy Spirit; given at Baptism; unfold us as the person matures (wisdom, understanding, fortitude, counsel, knowledge, reverence, wonder and awe) |
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| we work with him to see to it that God’s will prevails right here, right now, on earth as surely as it does in heaven |
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| between Easter and Pentecost when they receive postbaptismal catechesis through Eucharistic celebrations; initiated more fully into the mystery of Christ |
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| by Baptism into Christ, a person now shares in “the common priesthood of the faithful” of all believers |
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| A prophet listens to God’s word and speaks God’s word. |
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| under the consecrated species of bread and wine Christ himself, living and glorious, is present in a true, real, and substantial manner: his Body and his Blood, with his soul and his divinity |
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| Theological dimensions of Baptism |
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| the key to the life in the spirit, the door to reception of other sacraments, frees us from sin and brings rebirth in grace, incorporates us into church membership, enables us to share in Christ’s mission |
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| Order for the periods of the Rite of Christian Initiations of Adults |
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| inquiry, catechumenate, purification and enlightenment, mystagogia |
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| Essential signs of the Eucharistic sacrament |
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| wheat bread and grape wine |
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| What does the Eucharist always include? |
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| Proclamation of the word of God, thanksgiving to God the Father for all benefits, above all the gift of his Son, the consecration of bread and wine, participation in the liturgical banquet by receiving the Lord’s body and blood |
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