Term
True or False
The esophageal worm in the dogs and cats is Phylasoptera sp. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False
Eucestodes - Pseudotapeworms. Have a definitive host. Absorb nutrients through their skin. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ascarid eggs have a coating made of what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Host: dogs and wild canids; zoonotic
Location in host: small intestine
Life cycle:
Fecal oral
Ingestion of paratenic host
Transmammary
Transplacental
Eggs 75-90µm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Clinical disease of B. procyonis |
|
Definition
Raccoons generally have no clinical signs
Occasional obstruction and diarrhea can be seen with heavy worm burdens
Zoonotic
Causative agent of OLM, VLM, and NLM
|
|
|
Term
Common name for Strongyloides?
S. stercoralis - dog, cat, human
S. tumiefaciens - dog, cat, human
S. rasomi - pigs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit. |
|
|
Term
| Define Obligatory parasite |
|
Definition
| A parasite that must lead a parasitic existence, no free living. |
|
|
Term
| What is a paratenic host? |
|
Definition
| Special intermediate host where the parasite doesn't undergo any development. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Symbiotic relationship in which one member benefits while the other neither benefits nor is harmed. |
|
|
Term
| What is a periodic parasite? |
|
Definition
| A parasite that does not have to live in/on/within a host, but must visit frequently. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Symbiotic relationship in which a smaller member is mechanically carried by the larger member. |
|
|
Term
| What parasite is the most frequently diagnosed nematode in puppies and kittens? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How would you treat Dioctophyma renale? (Giant Kidney worm) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This parasite is passed through feces, sputum, or saliva, but is not common in Indiana? |
|
Definition
| Oslerus (Filaroides) osleri |
|
|
Term
| Most common symptoms of roundworms include: |
|
Definition
Diarrhea
vomiting
pot-bellied appearance |
|
|
Term
| What is the common name for Dioctophyma renale? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False
Ancylostoma spp. are zoonotic hookworms. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the esophageal worm tht often forms nodules or granulomas in the esophageal wall of dogs and cats? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the primary target organs that ascarids are found? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does Metastrongylus apri have an indirect or direct life cycle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What nematode is circular in cross section, varies in size, elongate, wormlike, and tapered at both ends? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Ascaris suum is zoonotic?
True or false? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ribbon like and segmented
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flattened and leaf shaped
|
|
|
Term
Fascioloides magna Diagnosis
JRS |
|
Definition
eggs golden-browm with a small adopercular projection opposite the operculum
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
small ruminants, cattle, occasionally man
|
|
|
Term
| Name three types of proglottids (sg) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False
Echinococcus multilocularis is not zoonotic (sg) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Complex and indirect life cycle that uses one or most hosts
Eggs pass undeveloped into the environment by feces
Eggs need water to develop L1
L1 either ingested or penetrate skin of first IH
IH always a mullusc
Develop into asexually into other larval stages which eventually leave the snail
Depending on species, either penetrate DH or penetrate another IH and encyst there |
|
|
Term
Spirometra spp. treatment
JRS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Treatment for Paragonimus kellicoti (sg) |
|
Definition
Antheolmintics
Prevent animals from eating crayfish in endemic areas |
|
|
Term
Anoplocephala spp. Host
JRS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Eggs passed in feces
Eggs hatch in water
Ingested by the first intermediate host
An aquatic crustacean called a copepod
First intermediate host ingested by the second intermediate host
Usually a fish
The definitive host ingest the second intermediate host where they attach to the lining of the SI and begin to produce the strobilus |
|
|
Term
What is the life cycle of Echinococcus granulosus?
AF |
|
Definition
Domestic & wild ruminants are IH
Pastoral cycle between dogs & sheep
Sylvatic cycle between wolves & their prey
Hydatid cyst found in liver and lungs of IH
Found in western US- AL, MI, MN, WI and Canada |
|
|
Term
True or False Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis are 2 species of importance?
AF |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are the host of Echinococcus multilocularis?
AF |
|
Definition
| wild candids, dogs, & cats |
|
|
Term
How do you treat and control Echinococcus multilocaris?
AF |
|
Definition
| Anthelmintics, prevent ingestion of rodents in endemic areas, & personal hygiene |
|
|
Term
Host: dogs, coyotes, wolfs, dingos; zoonotic
Domestic and wild ruminants are IH
Unilocular hydatid disease in humans
Diagnosis: Eggs are taeniid type, segments not found in feces
(KB) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the life cycle of Fasciola sp.?
AF |
|
Definition
| Larvae leave snail (IH) & encyst on water plant, infection occurs by ingestion of plant, immature flukes penetrate SI & migrate to liver & then enter bile ducts where they mature, eggs passed in feces via bile duct, ppp= 8 wks |
|
|
Term
Dipylidium caninum is also known as...
(KB) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Host: dogs, cats, wild canids, mustelids, raccoons, occasionally man
Location: lungs
Clinical signs: anorexia, lethargy, chronic cough
Can see cysts on radiograph
Eggs are yellowish brown
(KB) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Host: Dogs, cats, bears, man
1st IH: copepod 2nd IH: Fish
Clinical disease: Competes for vitamin B12(pernicious anemia)
Oval and clear
(KB) |
|
Definition
Diphyllobothrium spp.
("broad fish tapeworm") |
|
|
Term
Host: horse and donkey
Location: Sm. and Lg. intestine
Found in IH(oribatid mite)
Infected while grazing
(KB) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This parasite is in the bile ducts and the hosts include: small ruminants, cattle, occasionally man
(KB) |
|
Definition
| F. hepatica and F. gigantica |
|
|
Term
T or F: Fascioloides magna is also the "giant deer" or "giant liver" fluke
(KB) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are Cestodes also known as? (dm) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are Trematodes also know as? (dm) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| True of False: Taenia solium is also known as the beef tapeworm. (dm) |
|
Definition
False! Taenia saginata is the beef tapeworm.
Taenia solium is the pork tapeworm. |
|
|
Term
| True or False: Echinococcus multilocularis eggs cannot be distinguished from those of other taeniid tapeworms. (dm) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What clinical signs do humans show when infected with dipylidium caninum? (dm) |
|
Definition
| Non-specific GI upset, nausea, irritability, itching. |
|
|
Term
| What is Diphyllobothrium spp. also known as? (dm) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Aquatic snails are the 1st IH and tadpoles are the 2nd IH for what fluke? (dm) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some clinical signs of Paragonimus kellicoti? (dm) |
|
Definition
Anorexia, lethargy, chronic cough, etc.
Can see cysts on radiograph. |
|
|
Term
Most of body is composed of reproductive system |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F - Small strongyles do not migrate. (JC) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List the 3 large Strongyles. (JC) |
|
Definition
1- Vulgaris
2- Equinus
3- Edentatus |
|
|
Term
| Which adult parasites live in the small intestine or abomasum of primary host, attaches to mucosa, and sucks blood? (JC) |
|
Definition
| Hookworms and Strongyles. |
|
|
Term
| T or F - Parascaris equorum has a direct infection with tracheal migration. (JC) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common of GI nematodes of swine? (JC) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F - Trichostrongyles have an indirect life cycle. (JC) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 intermediate hosts of the Giant Kidney worm? (JC) |
|
Definition
1- Earthworms
2- Fish or frogs |
|
|
Term
| What technique is used for diagnosing Muellerius capillaris and Dictyocaulus spp? (JC) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Special intermediate host where the parasite does not undergo any development. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Symbiotic relationship in which one member benefits while the other neither benefits nor is harmed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A parasite that must lead a parsitic existence, no free living. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Host that harbors the adult or sexually mature stage of the parasite. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Symbiotic relationship in which a smaller member is mechanically carried by the larger member. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A parasite that does not have to live in/on/within a host but must visit frequently. |
|
|
Term
True or False
Nematodes are called roundworms because they are circular in the cross section. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False
Bleach and other common disinfectants are an adequate wayt to decontaminate for Baylisascaris procynosis. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or false
Dogs, Cats, Foxes and Wolves are hosts for Toxacara Cati. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the single best means of preventing contamination of parasites? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the largest group of helminths? Elongated, cylindric, non-segmented. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What parasiticide is used to kill roundworms, flukes, and thorny headed worms? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the name for the time period between ingestion of the infective stage of a parasite and passing of eggs in the feces? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Baylisascaris procyonis is carried by raccoons and is classified as a: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the life cycle of the Round Worm? |
|
Definition
· Adult roundworms are in small intestine where they mate
· Female produces unembryonated eggs that are passed in feces
· Eggs embryonate where they contain L2 larvae on the ground where they are ingested by the
host and then released from the egg
· L2 larvae grow and migrate to various tissues in young host then migrate to host’s lungs
· Coughed up and swallowed by host
· Grow to adulthood in small intestine and begin life cycle again |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Stomach worms of dogs and cats |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Direct life cycle
May also have transmammary transmission
Many animals act as PH
May result in visceral larval migrans
Larval stage in PH lives in lungs
Result in coughing and gagging
Adult phase resides in target organ of primary host
Most are host specific |
|
|
Term
Does not attach to host; moves around in small intestine
Adult worms may “swim” into stomach and cause vomiting, which may then be present in the vomitus
When passed in feces, usually tightly coiled |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What eggs have a deeply pigmented center with rough, pitted outer shell |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Symptoms of Roundworm Infection |
|
Definition
Diarrhea
Vomiting
Pot-bellied appearance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Host: cats; zoonotic
Location: small intestine
Life cycle: similar to T. canis
PPP: ~8 weeks
Transplancental transmission does not occur
Paratenic host transmission big role for adult cats
No migration occurs; larvae matures to adult in SI within 21 days or so
Eggs 65-75µm
Adult has “heart shaped” alae (wing from mouth) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Host: dogs, cats, foxes, and wolves
Location: small intestine
Life cycle: direct or use of paratenic host |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
T. leonina
Oval with smooth, thick shell; colorless
No protein coat
|
|
|
Term
Host: raccoons, skunks, woodchucks, dogs; zoonotic
“raccoon roundworm”
Location: small intestine
Life cycle: direct development of adults in SI; no migration
Adult raccoons infected by ingestion of intermediate hosts which include mice, squirrels, rabbits, birds, etc;
In intermediate hosts, larvae may migrate to eyes and brain causing CNS damage and death
Raccoons find and eat dead animals, and larvae mature to adults in SI of raccoon
PPP = 32-38 days
Young raccoons infected by ingesting infective eggs
PPP = 50-76 days |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
ID ova on the left:
[image] |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
OLM (ophthalmic larval migrans)
|
|
Definition
Older patients 7-8+ years
Associated with low levels |
|
|
Term
—NLM (neural larval migrans) |
|
Definition
—Younger < 5 years
—Associated with high levels
—More commonly seen with Baylisascarisprocyonis
—related to migration of larvae and larval growth in brain and spinal cord |
|
|
Term
Usually children < 5 years
Associated with high level of infection
Larvae migrate through liver and lungs resulting in fever, hepatomegaly, and pneumonia
May recover, but will always have larvae in lungs and liver
No effective treatment, but there is supportive therapy
|
|
Definition
VLM (visceral larval migrans) |
|
|
Term
Common name for Trichuris?
T. Vulpis - canine
T. suis - pig
T. ovis - cattle, sheep and goats
T. campanula & T. serrata - feline |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Common name for Toxocara?
T. canis - canine
T. cati - feline |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is common name for these two:
Enterobius vermicularis (human)
and
Oxyuris equi (horse) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Common name for
Dioctophyma renale (canine) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Common name for:
Ancylostoma caninum - canine
Ancylostoma tubaeform - feline
Ancylostoma braziliense - feline
Uncinaria stenocephala - canine
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Common name for
Dirofilaria immitis - dogs, cats and ferrets |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a definitive host? |
|
Definition
| Host that harbors the adult or sexually mature stage of the parasite. |
|
|
Term
What parasite is easily confused with ascarids?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How can you control SA hookworms? |
|
Definition
Remove feces frequently.
Sunlight, freezing, and some chemicals can kill larvae in the environment. |
|
|
Term
| What are some of the clinical signs of threadworms (strongyloides)? |
|
Definition
Moderate to severe diarrhea (may have blood)
Anorexia
Dullness
Weight Loss
Poor growth rate |
|
|
Term
True or False
Only some of the hookworms are zoonotic. |
|
Definition
| False - all are zoonotic. |
|
|
Term
| Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati are also known as what? |
|
Definition
| Canine and feline roundworms. |
|
|
Term
| Aelurostrongylus abstrusus is a lungworm in which species? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Oxyuris equi is also known as what in horses? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Trichuris vulpis is a parasite in what species and what is the common name? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is one scientific name for a whipworm? |
|
Definition
Several Choices:
T. vulpis
T. ovis
T.campanula
T. discolor
T. suis |
|
|
Term
| What is the host for pinworms? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of worm eggs all look the same? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Muellerius capillaris is an infection via ingestion of IH (snail/slug) while grazing. What two hosts and location? |
|
Definition
Sheep and goats
Lung parenchyma |
|
|
Term
| Dioctophyma renale, AKA "giant kidney worm" of pigs, humans, and carnivores have 2 IH. What are they? |
|
Definition
1. Earthworms
2. fish or frogs |
|
|
Term
| What 7 roundworms belong to Phylum nematoda? |
|
Definition
Roundworms
Hookworms
Threadworms
whipworms
heartworms
lungworms
kidney worms |
|
|
Term
| What is the most frequently diagnosed nematode in young puppies and kittens? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the most common symptoms of roundworm infection? |
|
Definition
diarrhea
vomiting
pot-bellied appearance |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common GI nematode of swine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are A. suum and P. equorum treated? |
|
Definition
Deworm pregnant sows and mares
Keep pens and stalls clean after birth
Dispose of feces properly to maintain parasite free herds
sanitation |
|
|
Term
| What adult parasite lives in the small intestine or abomasum of the primary host, attaches to mucosa and sucks blood? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are the two classes of Platyhelminthes? (sg)
|
|
Definition
| Cestodes (tapeworms) and Trematodes (flukes) |
|
|
Term
| What class are Eucestoda and Cotyloda in? (sg) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Praziquantel
Albendazole
Prevent ingestion of IH or PH
Cook frog legs well
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The "broad fish tapeworm" (sg) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dog, cat, fox, mink, ect. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Paragonimuskellicoti
Clinical signs
JRS |
|
Definition
Anorexia, lethargy, chronic cough, ect.
Can see cysts on radiograph |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Definitive host of Taenia taeniaeformis? (sg) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Clinical signs include Anorexia, lethargy, chronic cough, etc. Can see cysts in radiograph (sg) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Treatment/control of Fascioloides magna (sg) |
|
Definition
¤Anthelmintics
¤Do not graze cattle and sheep in pastures contaminated with deer feces
¤Control snails in grazing areas
¤Deer control |
|
|
Term
What are the key morphologic features of the true tapeworm?
AF |
|
Definition
| Long, segmented, flattened, & ribbon-like |
|
|
Term
What is the scolex of a tapeworm?
AF |
|
Definition
| The head which contains 4 suckers |
|
|
Term
What is the lifecycle of True Tapeworms?
(KB) |
|
Definition
| On land and one intermediate host |
|
|
Term
What is the lifecycle of Pseudotapeworms?
(KB) |
|
Definition
| In water and two intermediate host |
|
|
Term
Tapeworms attach to the intestine via the...
(KB) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The "Beef Tapeworm" is also known as...
(KB) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the most common tapeworm found in th SI (small intestine) of dogs & cats?
AF |
|
Definition
Dipylidium caninum
"flea tapeworm" |
|
|
Term
The "Pork Tapeworm" is also known as...
(KB) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the most common tapeworm found in the Sm. intestine of dogs and cats?
(KB) |
|
Definition
| Dipylidium caninum or Flea tapeworm |
|
|
Term
How would you treat/control broad fish tapeworms?
(KB) |
|
Definition
Cook thoroughly or freeze fish
Treatment of sewage |
|
|
Term
What is the treatment for Alaria sp.?
AF |
|
Definition
| Praziquantel, albendazole, prevent ingestion of IH or PH, cook frog legs well |
|
|
Term
True or False Is Fascioloides magna located in the liver?
AF |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the life cycle of Fasciodes magna?
AF |
|
Definition
| Similar ti F. hepatica, cattle & sheep become infected while grazing with deer and elk |
|
|
Term
T or F: Trematodes are tapeworms
(KB) |
|
Definition
| False. Trematodes are flukes. |
|
|
Term
| What is the name for the " beef tapeworm"? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False The "pork tapeworm" is the Taenia solium?
Af |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the life cycle of Diphyllobothrium spp. ("broad fish tapeworm")
Af |
|
Definition
1st IH copepod
2nd IH fish |
|
|
Term
True or False Is horse & donkey the host of Anoplocephala spp?
Af |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What morphological feature is shared by cestodes and trematodes? (dm) |
|
Definition
| They are both dorsoventrally flattened. |
|
|
Term
| What is the life cycle difference between true tapeworms and pseudotapeworms? (dm) |
|
Definition
| True tapeworm life cycle is on land and one intermediate host, while pseudotapeworm life cycle is in water and two intermediate hosts. |
|
|
Term
| True or False: Tapeworms do not have a mouth. (dm) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| True or False: Tapeworms can be from 2mm to 10 feet long. (dm) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of control methods are effective against beef and pork tapeworms? (dm) |
|
Definition
| Proper sanitation of sewage and cooking thoroughly (56C) or freezing (-10C for 10 days). |
|
|
Term
| True or False: Most of the trematode body is composed of the reproductive system which includes both male and female organs. (dm) |
|
Definition
| True! They are hermaphrodites. |
|
|
Term
| It takes only 2-3 of these flukes to kill a ruminant. (dm) |
|
Definition
| Fascioloides magna, the "giant deer" or "giant liver" fluke |
|
|
Term
| Name 4 symptoms of an animal with hookworms. (JC) |
|
Definition
1- Loose stool
2- Anemia
3- Abdominal Discomfort
3- Lethargy |
|
|
Term
| Uncinaria steocephala eggs are similar to _____________ but larger. (JC) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F - All Ancylostoma spp. are zoonotic. (JC) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F - Lung worms are common in Indiana. (JC) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F - Whip worms have a direct life cycle. (JC) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In Muellerius capillaris, sheep and goats ingest what intermediate host to become infected? (JC) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the host of Trichuris vulpis? (JC) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the host of Trichuris ovis? (JC) |
|
Definition
| Cattle, sheep, and goats. |
|
|
Term
| A pseudotapeworm has 2 slit-like organelles called bothria. What does a tapeworm have that is "similar"? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This is an intestinal fluke that is zoonotic, and transferred via eating frog legs. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or false:
The life cycle of the pseudotapeworm is more complex than the true tapeworm. |
|
Definition
True.
A pseudotapeworm uses 2 IH, the second of which is infective to the DH. |
|
|
Term
| This pseudotapeworm absorbs vitamin B12 from its host as well as causing intestinal obstruction. |
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Definition
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Term
| The immature proglottid is located where on the tapeworm. |
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Definition
| Closest to the scolex(head). |
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Term
True or false:
Cestodes are tapeworms and trematodes are flukes. |
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Definition
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Term
| The tegument of the tapeworm is ?. |
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Definition
| The body wall that absorbs the nutrientsacquired from the host's intestine. |
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Term
True or false:
Tapeworms have a mouth with four teeth. |
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Definition
False.
Tapeworms do not have a mouth, but they do have four suckers in their scolex. |
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Term
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Definition
| Individual boxlike components of the tapeworm strobila. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| This tapeworm is tiny, only 1.2 - 7 mm in length. It's entire body only has 3 proglottids. It is zoonotic and so dangerous that if it is diagnosed it must be reported to state & federal authorities! Hope it's rare. |
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Definition
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Term
| The most common tapeworm found in the small intestine of the dog and cat. |
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Definition
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Term
| This tapeworm is a "clinical oddity" because it produces an operculated egg (door on one pole of either end). |
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Definition
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Term
| Eggs of this are triangular shaped. |
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Definition
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Term
| This parasite is a trematode, crayfish is its second IH, and the adult ends up in the lungs of dog/cat host. |
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Definition
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Term
True or False
Eucestodes - Pseudotapeworms. Have a definitive host. Absorb nutrients through their skin. |
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Definition
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