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| Prehistoric era; handheld woman figure with exaggerated breasts and genitals; probably functioned as fertility symbol |
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| Ancient Near East; base constructed of mud brick set in bitumen mortar, uses buttresses to give impression of strength; symbolic perhaps of the "sacred mountain" or the idea that being closer to the sky made one closer to the gods |
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| Ancient Near East (Babylonian); black basalt stele inscribed with Hammurabi's law code in cuneiform, the top depicting Hammurabi being handed a rope ring and measuring rod (symbols of authority) by Shamash, the sun god; meant to imply divine power behind Hammurabi's reign |
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| Ancient Near East; winged, human-headed bulls carved from massive stone block, with additional fifth leg visible from side-view; stood at gateways to palace complexes |
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| Egyptian; stone tablet with depression in center, carved on both sides in registers filled with hieroglyphs and symbolic imagery, particularly the use of hierarchical scale (making Narmer really big and his enemies really small); used for grinding protective paint applied around the eyes |
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| Egyptian; large diorite block depicting the ruler with one hand open and one enclosed in a fist, NOT freestanding (i.e. no space between block and limbs), muscular, rigidly upright and frontal pose; created so that Khafre could watch rituals held in his honor after death |
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Sculpture of Menkaure and his wife Khamerernebty
(KHA MER ER NEB TY)
(KHAMER ERNEBTY) |
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| Egyptian; carved in one slab of diorite, both subjects same height, same motionless stride with left foot forward, rigid frontality, similar hairdressing, same smooth surfaces, Khamerernebty's arm around Menkaure in loving embrace |
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| "Ti Watching A Hippopotamus Hunt" |
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| Egyptian; painted limestone relief, traditional composite view of Ti; created to allow the deceased to continue activities he enjoyed while he was alive, but also may have had symbolic importance to afterlife events |
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| Egyptian; remember sunken relief column and hypostyle hall |
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| Egyptian; his family's between his knees, and Horus is in the middle |
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Sculpture of Akhenaten
(AK HEN AT EN)
(AK HEN ATEN) |
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| Egyptian; feminine and masculine features, got rid of tradition in favor of Aten, sun disk god |
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| Aegean; distinctive columns with squishy black capital and that taper inward; know palace plan reasonably well |
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| Aegean; wall painting depicting lilies, swallows, and terrain, using colors that were probably present in volcanic soil |
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| stones are laid so that each course of masonry projects slightly beyond the course below it, until span is covered when walls meet in irregular arch (Treasury of Atreus- relieving triangle) |
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| Aegean; hammered gold death mask |
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Greek; like Egyptian art, rigidly frontal,
four distinct sides echo block from which it was carved,
all joints level,
made of marble,
among earliest samples of free-standing human figure made from stone,
spaces between limbs
muscles etched onto surface of form
Kouros is Greek for "youth"
most likely votive offering |
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