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| the totality of learned, socially transmitted behavior and is a collective product accumulated across generations in response to particular conditions |
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| fairly large number of people who live in the same territory, are relatively independent of people outside their area, and participate in a common culture and heritage |
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| practical application of cultural knowledge; alters relationship to the world we live in and to each other |
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| technology and artifacts; changes at a faster rate than the non-material culture |
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| values, goals, and basic assumptions shared by the culture |
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| when our way of thinking about the world and responding to situations has not caught up with the actual situation and conditions we are in |
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| hypothesis proposed by George Ritzer to explain the changes taking places as a result of globalization |
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| central system of symbols through which culture is carried and transmitted |
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| language, as your primary system of symbols, shapes how you perceive and think about the world around you; value laden |
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| mechanisms by which norms are enforced and individuals encouraged to reproduce the patterns of behavior they are supposed to follow; based on inclusions and exclusion from group membership |
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| Informal Norm Classification |
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| behaviors that reflect weakly held values and result in mild sanctions |
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| reflect more strongly held values and are often associated with behaviors that are perceived as having moral significance |
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| behaviors that violate values so strongly held that they often have religious significance |
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| cultural phenomena that are acquired through social interaction |
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| sharp division of values within the culture and the counter culture in attempt to alter the values of the larger culture |
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| occurs when an individual is immersed in a culture so different from the native culture that he or she does not know what to expect, can't interpret the behaviors of others, and can experience physical disorientation |
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| natural tendency to see the world from your own cultural perspective; individuals have a tendency to prefer their own cultural norms |
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| belief that aspects of another culture are superior to one's own which allows change through infusion of ideas and technologies from the outside |
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| ability to prefer one's own culture while simultaneously understanding that other cultures can't be understood except from their own perspective and values |
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| a process by which we internalize the norms and thus the social structure of our culture |
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| based on our formation of a self-concept based on other people's reactions to us |
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| the claim that modern society is producing individuals with fragmented looking-glass selves-faceted identity with minimal coherence among parts |
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| view that we are all actors on stage assisting each other in maintaining the performance; we act out or role expectations in such a way that we assist each other in preserving the validity of our social identities |
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| stable clusters of values, goals, statuses, and roles that resist change and meet the needs of society by means of people occupying the statuses and fulfilling the role expectations in conformity with norms |
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| values, goals, statuses, and roles are rigidly determined and thus shape the individual's self-image and values |
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| various contexts in which we learn norms of interaction and thus form our social identities and values |
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