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Midterm 3
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24
Sociology
Undergraduate 3
02/19/2013

Additional Sociology Flashcards

 


 

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Term
Alienation
Definition
For Hegel, the experience of part of oneself as separate and alien. Most pronounced in societies with a complex division of labor and a high degree of structural differentiation.
Term
Civil Society
Definition
The real social and economic relations among subjects. Especially pronounced in liberal bourgeois society. The rights of egoistic atomized individuals are held to be absolute.
Term
Corporations
Definition
Associations that help to link particular subjects with the larger society (for example, occupational associations)
Term
Determinate being
Definition
Being that is qualified by certain determinable and particular characteristics. The external world that we experience as a result of meditative categories.
Term
The Dialectic
Definition
Probably no other term is used with imprecision by sociologist. For Hegel the dialectic was, above all, the process by which humans strive to become more reasonable. This involves an emancipatory interest in critical theory.
Term
Essence
Definition
The inner world of being. For Hegel, pure spirit.
Term
Mediation
Definition
That which make s objectification possible. The means by which subjects can reflect on themselves and come to identify themselves as particular kinds of beings. For Hegel, the most important medium is labor.
Term
Mediative categories
Definition
Inter subjectively defined categories of reality construction that serve to organize human experience.
Term
Mind
Definition
The only agency in the universe that can ground itself-that is, be self-positing and self-determining. That which enables the human subject to be reflective.
Term
Negation
Definition
The dissolution of mediative categories that are alienating.
Term
Particularism
Definition
Exclusive or special devotion to something particular.
Term
Reification
Definition
An abstraction or idea that is treated as if it is a concrete thing.
Term
Universalism
Definition
The point of view that best expresses the general will of all within a community or totality.
Term
Deduction
Definition
In Spencer's usage, the development of a systematic theory to guide the organization of data.
Term
Distribution system
Definition
One of the three major parts of society. It is concerned with transportation and communication, and links regulating and subsystems.
Term
Equilibrium
Definition
In Spencer's usage, a state in which parts of a system are in constant adaptive readjustment to one another.
Term
Incoherent Homogeneity
Definition
For Spencer, the starting point of evolutionary change, where a phenomenon is in a state of unintegrated and disorganized likeness of substance
Term
Coherent heterogeneity
Definition
For Spencer, the direction in which evolutionary change develops. Involves an integrated system composed of unlike and functionally distinct parts
Term
Induction
Definition
In Spencer's usage, involves the organization of data in terms of an a priori theoretical model.
Term
Industrial society
Definition
Society organized for the production of goods, where the sustaining system dominates the regulating system.
Term
Lamarckinism
Definition
Archaic theory of biological evolution based on the inheritance of traits acquired and lost through use and disuse.
Term
Militant society
Definition
A society organized for warfare where the regulating system dominates the sustaining system.
Term
Regulating system
Definition
One of the three major parts of society. It is concerned with governmental regulation and military organization. Dominant part of the society in a militant society.
Term
Sustaining system
Definition
One of the three major parts of society. Concerned with the production of goods. Dominant part of society in a n industrial society.
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