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Southerners attempts to keep blacks as close to a state of slavery as possible
Black codes required all African Americans, not just ex-slaves to sign a contract to work from sun-up to sundown and they weren't allowed to own land. De facto slavery |
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14th Amendment-
Passed in 1866. Guaranteed due process of law. Ended multiple categories of citizenship, by stating that anyone born in the U.S. or naturalized in the U.S. are U.S. citizens. Guaranteed all citizens the same rights |
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| Established in the spring of 1865 to protect the economic rights of freed blacks. Sent 500 agents to the south, but they were often biased on behalf of the white landowners. Dissolved in 1868-ran out of money. |
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| Outlawed conspiracy to violate civil rights. Thousands were arrested by 1872 and violence significantly decreased as a result. |
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| Added to the myth of the west. It gave settlers 2 options. Either they were given 160 acres of land, had to work on it for 5 years, and then they owned it, or...they could by it outright for $1.50 per acre. |
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Granted large subsidies of land to railroad companies--10 square miles for every mile of track. The government gave away 131 million acres of land--the largest government land giveaway in history.
1860-30,000 miles of track
1870-60,000 miles of track
1900-357,000 miles of track |
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The goal was to turn Indians into farmers.
Each head of a family was given one quarter of a section. Each single person over 18 years old was given one-eighth of a section . Each orphan child under 18 years old was given one-eighth of a section. Each other single person was given one-sixteenth of a section. This upset Sitting Bull. It was a failed attempt to assimilate Native Amercians into the American culture. |
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| Civil war veterans requesting early pensions. This was a precendent setting march on Washington D.C. that was the first to claim the capitol as the property of the people. |
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| Wanted to fix problems with the industrial order. Hoped to lower railroad rates, and the loosen money in the federal government. "Raise less corn and more hell". They merged with Democrats in the election of 1896. Their agenda flirted with the edge of the problem. |
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| Laissez faire capitalism. The idea that the best will rise to the top. It called for absolutely no restriction on the right to work and provided no social safteynet. Adam Smith in 1776 talked about the invisible hand, which described the growth of capitalism by letting the each pursue his own selfish interest. |
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| Born a slave to a white father. Eventually started teaching at his alma matter, the Hampton Institute. He then founded the Tuskegee Institute, a school for the normal and industial arts. |
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| Open door notes summed up the open door policy. Called for a fair field and no favor. It also called for a promise not to carve up China. The U.S. didn't want to colonize--it wanted to expand to all of the markets. |
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| The U.S. declaration that it has no interest in annexing Cuba. No such amendment was ever made for the Philipines. |
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| 1903-The U.S. exertion of informal control over Cuba. The U.S. gave itself the right to interven in foreign policy crises. |
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| Frederick Jackson Turner wrote it when he was 32 years old. He quoted the 1890 census which said that the frontier was gone. The frontier he defined as less than 2 people per square mile. He said that the American people were in crisis. He said that the frontier was "the cradle" of American democracy and that America better find a new frontier fast. |
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| The traveling of African Americans from the South to the North, after the end of Reconstruction. FIND MORE |
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| First progressive response to cities. 60% of settlement house workers were women, many of whom were college educated. Lilian Ward-a nurse-saw the need for help for low income income families, and established Henry Street Settlement House. By 1910, there wer 400 settlement houses established. They were the most liberal wing of the Progressive movement, who felt that America was a melting pot and that immigrant could become Americans. This was the role for women before suffrage. They justified their activism as their maternal nature, but it turned political very quickly. Jane Addams begins to back Progressive reforms such as commision style government, city manager style government, and free city wide election. |
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| Monroe Doctrine-John Quincy Adams-greatest Secretary of State-wrote that the Western Hemisphere was closed to European colonization. The Roosevelt corollary emphasized the United States special relationship with Latin America and their willingness to use force to protect it. One example is Roosevelt agrees to have U.S. troops enter the Dominican Republic. It is a progressive document because it established that if a nation behaved like the U.s. it need no fear intervention from it. |
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| 1862-Became head of her family. She was educated and at age 22 obtained a teaching contract. It took 3 conductors to kick her off a train from a white persons' car. She sued the company and won, but the State Supreme Court overturned it. She contiuned to write about women's rights, and lost her teaching contract. In 1892 3 of her friends were lynched to competing with a white run business. She researched lynchings, and established that if white women kept claiming rape, eventually they would be exposed as liars. She didn't return to the south for 30 years. She worked toward a federal anti-lynching law, and petitions the British for help in "civilizing" Americans. 1914 she visits 3 blacks jailed for a race riot who had been sentenced to death. She wrote a pamphlet on it in Chicago, and they were released. |
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| National American Women's Suffrage Association |
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| Addams worked for suffrage. They were called suffragists. Seneca Falls, NY-1848 was the first convention for women's rights. The 14th Amendment explcitly gave MEN the right to vote, excluding women. In the 1890's women decide to pursue a federal amendment for suffrage. 1898-women blamed male agression for the fall of th U.S. as an empire. 1913-They marched on Washington-1st holding a pageant, then chaining themselves to a fence. This first wave was more for inclusion than equality. |
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