Details Title: Middle East Description: Al Zakar Total Flash Cards: 57 Created: 03/04/2007 17:54:24		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional International Studies Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term 610 Definition Islam created Term Middle East used to be called Definition ME used to be called the “Orient”. Those who studied ME were called Orientalists. Term Ottoman Empire controlled all of ME until Definition Ottoman controlled ME until 19th century. Term Ottoman Empired allied with who during WWI? Definition Ottoman allied with Germany during WWI and was defeated. Term Agreement to split Ottoman Empire Definition Britian and France split Ottoman Empire in "Skyes Picot" agreement after WWI Term Muhammed born in Definition 570 Term Muhammed originally tried to convert tribes in Definition Mecca Term This city invited Muhammed , and why did they invite him? Definition Medina - they wanted to end tribal conflicts Term Who didn't recognize Muhammed as a prophet? Definition Jews. Muhammed defeated them after 20 years. Term Muhammed died in Definition 632 Term Who was appointed leader after Muhammed died suddenly, and how long did he stay leader? Definition Abu Bakr, close friend of Muhammed. died after 2 years Term Who was the third leader, and how long did he stay? Definition Omar, lasted 1o years. Term War to gain more territory called? Against who? Definition War of Expansion against Persian and Roman Empires. Term Who was the fourth leader? Definition Othman Term Which leader was killed (FIRST), and why? Definition Othamn was killed because he lived seperately from the Muslims and treated them unfairly. Term Who was the fifth leader? Definition Ali Term Why was the governor of Damascus angry? Definition People wanted Ali to find the killer of Othamn, Ali refused to do so. Term Who was the governor of Damascus? Definition Mawayah Term "First temptation" Definition Civil war over who should be leader. Term Shi'a or Shi'ite Definition Partisians/Supporters of Ali Term 661 Definition Ali assainated for not revenging Othaman's death Term First leaders called __ and why? Definition "The Four Guided Ones" because they followed laws of Quran and were voted in by the majority Term Mawayan ran a ? How did Muslims feel? Definition absolute monarchy. He took power by force. The Muslims allowed this because they wanted security. Term Center of science and knowledge Definition Baghdad Term 1099 Definition Crusaders came and occupied Jerusalem Term Jews, Xtians, Muslims similar because Definition monotheistic Term time of religion before Jew, Xtian, Muslim Definition "axial age" Term custom from Greece Definition Veiling of women. Nobility wore. Term Two main books of Islam, what were they? Definition Holy Quran and the Hadith (collection of sayings that follow practices) Term Tax against nonmuslims Definition jizah. People weren't forced to join Islam, but they didn't have to pay taxes if joined. Term Calendar based on? Shorter by? Definition Calendar was based on lunar patterns. 11 days shorter. Term Islamic law Definition shaniah. regulations included not eating meat and pork Term Largest populated Muslim country Definition Indonesia Term How did SE Asia learn of Muslim? Definition Business men traveled their to trade, they liked religion Term Which Muslim country TECHNICALLY follows Islamic law? Definition None of them - they don't have elections for government Term Who divided up Ottoman empire? Definition France and Britian Term Oil company started in California once called __ now called? Definition Standard Oil of California (SoCal) is now called Chevron Term Who were the partners of Aramco? Definition Chevron, BP, Mobil, Texaco, Gulf Oil Term Where did Aramco go to look for oil? Definition Saudi Arabia Term 1948 Definition began exporting oil from Saudi Term 1953 Definition relationship with US started to deteriorate Term Who was leader of Iran when US/Iran had tension and why was there tension? Definition Muhammad Mussaddiq was the leader. The oil in Iran was under US/British control and they were afraid to lose it. The CIA intervened and had coup to overthrow Mussadiq. The shah was returned to power. Term Who gave loans to Egypt and why? Definition Britian gave loans to Egypt to make the Suez Canal Term Who came into office after Farook? Definition Nasser Term What did the leader of Egypt want to do in 1952, and how much would it cost? Definition He wanted to put the Aswan Dam on the Nile river, but it was going to cost 6 million dollars. Term What did the leader of Egypt want to do with the Suez Canal? Definition He wanted to nationalize the Suez Canal to make money for the Aswan Dam. Term 1956 Definition Britian, France, and Isreal attacked Egypt and took area around the Suez Canal. US demanded that the troops withdraw (strengthened relationship) Term 1967 Definition Isreal attacked Jordan, Syria, and Egypt. They agreed to attack Isreal. Term 1979 Definition Sadat becomes leader of Egypt and makes peace with Isreal Term 1980 Definition Sadam attacked Iran in 1980. All states around Iraq were ordered to support Iraq. Term 1990 Definition Sadam attacks Kuwaiit, Saudi allows US to land on their territory to help Kuwaiit. US never left Saudi (pisses of Saudis) Term What is the first pillar of Islam? Definition The profession of faith Term What is the second pillar of Islam? Definition five daily prayers Term What is the third pillar of Islam? Definition almsgiving Term What is the fourth pillar of Islam? Definition fasting Term What is the fifth pillar of Islam? Definition pilgramage to Mecca Term At what times must you pray? Definition dawn, noon, afternoon, dusk, dinner