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| Period in western Europe between the fall of Rome and the High middle Ages. |
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| farming on 2/3rds of one's field and then planting the last thirds in oats. |
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| agricultural laborer bound to the land under the feudal system, worked on their lord's estate |
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| period of mass starvation and disease in Europe |
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| Black Death/ Bubonic Plague |
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| Epidemic that killed large part of the population of Europe which was carried by flees and rats |
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| Political and economic system of medieval europe linking nobles and peasants on their land |
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| Social system in medieval europe. nobility held lands from the crown in exchange for military service |
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| Set up in western Europe following the coronation of Charlemange, created by medieval papacy to unite Christendom |
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| Germanic people who conquered Gaul in the 6th century and controlled much of western Europe |
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| Member of people of mixed frankish/scandinavian origin who settled in normandy from 912 ad, became the dominant military power |
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| People who speak one of the north germanic languages as their native language |
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Ruthless, restless barbarians that always sought to plunder, take riches and food. They were shipmasters, their ships able to sail sea or river. At first they would commute, and then they settled in Normandy area. Eventually they stopped their constant attacks and settled down permanently.
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A region in N France along the English Channel:
invaded andsettled by Scandinavians in the 10th century,
becoming a duchy ina.d. 911;
later a province, the capital of which was Rouen;
Alliedinvasion in World War II began here June 6, 1944. |
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| Member of germanic people that inhabited parts of central and northern germany from Roman time...many settled in southern England |
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| Germanic tribe in ireland |
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One of a group of peoples in eastern, southeastern, andcentral Europe,
including the Russians and Ruthenians(Eastern Slavs),
the Bulgars, Serbs, Croats, Slavonians,Slovenes,
etc. (Southern Slavs), and the Poles, Czechs,Moravians,
Slovaks, etc. (Western Slavs). |
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Of or relating to the Frankish dynasty founded by Charlemagne's father.
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Early Medieval King, supports education, tries to build a new Holy Roman Empire, but the idea dies with him. He was the first king to convert to Christianity, but he WAS NOT the first Holy Roman Emperor.
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| An association of craft specialists such as silver smiths ect |
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| Collection of stories written in Middle English by Geoffrey Chaucer at the end of the 14th century. The tales (mostly in verse, although some are in prose) are told as part of a story-telling contest by a group of pilgrims as they travel together on a journey from Southwark to the shrine of Saint Thomas Becket at Canterbury Cathedral. |
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Was an English author, poet, philosopher, bureaucrat, courtier and diplomat. Although he wrote many works, he is best remembered for his unfinished frame narrative The Canterbury Tales.
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| association of trading cities |
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a religious military order founded c1190 in the Holy Land
byGerman crusaders that originally did charitable work
among thesick and later fought against the
Slavic and Baltic peoples in theeastward expansion of
medieval Germany. |
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A medieval country in W Europe,
extending along the North Seafrom the Strait
of Dover to the Scheldt River. |
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| Type of architecture involving thin columns, stained glass, and flying buttresses |
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An external, arched support for the wall of
a church or otherbuilding. |
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| Gothic cathedral in France |
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| Famous church located in London, England. Almost all English monarchs since William the Conqueror have been crowned there. |
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| The legislature of the Kingdom of England. |
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The “great charter” of English liberties, forced from King John by the English barons and sealed at Runnymede, June 15, 1215. |
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| A Christian mystic, German Benedictine abbess, author, counselor, linguist, naturalist, scientist, philosopher, physician, herbalist. She supported arts and education. |
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Famous for:
Serving as Queen of England, Queen of France, and Duchess of Aquitaine; also known for conflicts with her husbands, Louis VII of France and Henry II of England; credited with holding a "court of love" in Poitiers |
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| Official title Frederick I 1123--90, Holy Roman Emperor (1155--90), king of Germany (1152--90). His attempt to assert imperial rights in Italy ended in his defeat at Legnano (1176) and the independence of the Lombard cities (1183) |
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| Son of Henry II and King of England from 1189 to 1199; a leader of the Third Crusade; on his way home from the crusade he was captured and held prisoner in the Holy Roman Empire until England ransomed him in 1194 (1157-1199). |
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When the Holy Roman Empire divides the Church divides as well. Who has more power; The King or the Pope?
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| Second division in the Western Church. The French want the pope to be in Avignon (city in France) but the Pope stays in Vatican City. For a while there are 2 popes but the French heed and there is 1 pope in Rome. |
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A city in and the capital of Vaucluse, in SE France, on the Rhone River: papal residence 1309–77. 93,024. |
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Small town on the border of France. Charlemagne had a court here when he was trying to unite the whole Roman Empire again.
- Aachen becomes the town to hold court.
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A series of separate wars lasting from 1337 to 1453 between two royal houses for the French throne, which was vacant with the extinction of the senior Capetian line of French kings.
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| 1387--1422, king of England (1413--22); son of Henry IV. He defeated the French at the Battle of Agincourt (1415), conquered Normandy (1419), and was recognized as heir to the French throne (1420) |
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French heroine and military leader inspired by religious visions to organize French resistance to the English and to have Charles VII crowned king; she was later tried for heresy and burned at the stake (1412-1431).
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| Was a major English victory against a larger French army in the Hundred Years' War. The battle occurred on Friday 25 October 1415 (Saint Crispin's Day), in northern France. |
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| Was a period of nearly 800 years in the Middle Ages during which several Christian kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula succeeded in retaking (and repopulating) the Iberian Peninsula from the Muslim Al-Andalus Province. |
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| An Italian poet famous for writing the Divine Comedy that describes a journey through Hell and purgatory and paradise guided by Virgil and his idealized Beatrice (1265-1321). |
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| Venetian traveler who explored Asia in the 13th century and served Kublai Khan (1254-1324). |
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| Was the most significant conflict between Church and state in medieval Europe. |
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An agreement between Pope Calixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V on September 23, 1122 near the city of Worms.
- It brought to an end the first phase of the power struggle between the Papacy and the Holy Roman Emperors.
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Was Pope from 12 March 1088 until his death. He is most known for starting the First Crusade (1095–1099) and setting up the modern day Roman Curia, in the manner of a royal court, to help run the Church.
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| Was Pope from 8 January 1198 until his death. Decreed the fourth Crusade of 1198. |
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| Duke of Normandy who led the Norman invasion of England and became the first Norman to be King of England; he defeated Harold II at the battle of Hastings in 1066 and introduced many Norman customs into England (1027-1087). |
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| Was a Scottish knight and landowner who is known for leading a resistance during the Wars of Scottish Independence and is today remembered in Scotland as a patriot and national hero. |
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| The medieval principles governing knighthood and knightly conduct. |
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A belief that rejects the orthodox tenets of a religion.
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In English law, the practice by which tenants, holding land under the king or other superior lord, carved out new and distinct tenures in their turn by sub-letting or alienating a part of their lands.
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| Is a one-tenth part of something, paid as a (usually) voluntary contribution or as a tax or levy, usually to support a religious organization. |
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A piece of land held under the feudal system.
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| A person holding a fief; a person who owes allegiance and service to a feudal lord. |
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| Feudal tenant or vassal pledges reverence and submission to his feudal lord, receiving in exchange the symbolic title to his new position. |
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| Were a series of religiously sanctioned military campaigns waged by much of Latin Christian Europe, particularly the Franks of France and the Holy Roman Empire. |
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| Italian theologian and Doctor of the Church who is remembered for his attempt to reconcile faith and reason in a comprehensive theology; presented philosophical proofs of the existence of God (1225-1274). |
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