Term
|
Definition
| The study of people in groups |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Behavior of a particular group |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between personal troubles/ public issues? |
|
Definition
Personal trouble=Divorce on personal level
Public Issues=Lawyers, divorce courts
*Need to look at PT from public eye |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between race and ethnicity? |
|
Definition
Race=color, physical characteristics
Ethnicity= culture you come from |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Who established "Hull House"
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 types of perspective? |
|
Definition
1. conflict
2. functionlist
3. microsociologists |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*struggle over scarce resources
*only way to have a fair society is to distribute resources evenly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*Observing things as they are
*Say there is no right/wrong |
|
|
Term
| Microsociologists Perspective |
|
Definition
*Languages, symbolic interactionist
*Look how we interact, make decisions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Obvious reason you do something |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| More subtle reason for doing something |
|
|
Term
| What is the meaning of "sociological imagination?" |
|
Definition
| C Wright mills said to take a step back and look at others points of view. |
|
|
Term
| What is Max Weber's theory? |
|
Definition
Anomic=describe circumstance/experience a feeling they don't like (don't know what to expect)
ex)9/11 |
|
|
Term
| Macro sociological perspective |
|
Definition
| Look at society as a whole |
|
|
Term
| Micro sociological perspective |
|
Definition
| focus on an individual aspect |
|
|
Term
| What is a material culture? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a non-material culture? |
|
Definition
Not visible or able to be touched.
ex) religion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Demonstrate what is important in our culture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reflection of what we value |
|
|
Term
| What is an example of a formal norm? |
|
Definition
| Things that are important to everyone |
|
|
Term
| What is an example of a non-formal norm? |
|
Definition
| Cracking thumbs, deodarant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Something that represents something else.
ex) American flag, eagle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Consequences for violations of norms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Things we find horrible
ex) rape, cannibalism, incest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ideas/customs are adopted from other cultures. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One part of culture isn't keeping up |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Intimate/personal people who are nice. face to face interactions. Sheltered from the dominant group. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Group who reject rules of primary culture. |
|
|
Term
| Who is a major conflict theorist? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Find others odd/unusual, takes awhile to adjust. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cognition, mental development |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
birth-2 years
begin to understand difference with us and outside world
object permanance. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
6-12 years
abstract thinking of the world we can't see |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
12 years- adulthood
sophisticated abstract thought, logical thinking.
moral development is impossible until at least 8 years. |
|
|
Term
| Carol Gilligan's view of Kohlberg's observations. |
|
Definition
| He found flaws because of limited test groups. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who are our agents of socialization? |
|
Definition
| Family, peers, school, work, religion. |
|
|
Term
| Most important agent of socialization |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Heavy importance on us, affiliated forever
ex) Family
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Light impact, task driven
When complete move to another
ex) school, workplace |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Someone we hangout/associate ourselves with |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is an example of a "rite of passage?" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is an example of a degradation ceremony? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who or what influences children? |
|
Definition
| Groups (families, friends) |
|
|
Term
| Fastest growing category of homeless |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What we are most identified for |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Characteristics of a hunting & gathering society |
|
Definition
live off the land, gather nuts
small groups
women/men in equal power
had Gods (spirit realms, influencers) |
|
|
Term
| Characteristics of Pastorial Society |
|
Definition
12,000 years ago-today (pasture)
established small settlements
monotheistic religions began
ownership led to power
ability to count/education
women lost power |
|
|
Term
| Characteristics of a Horticultural Society |
|
Definition
12,000 years ago
plant enough foods to survive
cultivate
fragile society, depends on nature |
|
|
Term
| Characteristics of an Agricultural Society |
|
Definition
planting, grazing (people work, some don't)
Inca, Mayan, Aztec
supported 1 million people
grew plants up a mountain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
based on land ownership (Kings, peasants)
led to capitalism |
|
|
Term
| Characteristics of an Industrial Society |
|
Definition
Large number of people have surplus
seperation of jobs
private property, private profit
health and sanitation improved
mass media
institutions=postal service, banks
immigrants
extended family was less important |
|
|
Term
| Characteristics of a Post-Industrial Society |
|
Definition
Service-provided jobs
Knowledge/information
rapid change, advanced training
inequality in skilled/unskilled
prosperity for few, thinned middle class
take advantage of underdeveloped countries, natural resources, workers.
stimulated immigration |
|
|
Term
| What is an example of a nonverbal reflection of dominance? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does personal space vary from culture to culture? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Long term relationships
Important to us |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Short term relationships
Work friends |
|
|
Term
| Authoritarian Leadership Style |
|
Definition
Leader is purposeful, timely
successful to get job done
rates low on satisfaction |
|
|
Term
| Democratic Leadership Style |
|
Definition
Group consensus
Productive/ Positive Exchange
Longer to get job done, more happy |
|
|
Term
| Laissez-Faire Leadership Style |
|
Definition
Hard to identify, laidback
Hardly get the job done |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Collectively agree with what leader says
"yes man" |
|
|
Term
| What is a democratic organization? |
|
Definition
voluntary membership
come and go as you please
|
|
|
Term
| What is a utilitarian organization? |
|
Definition
more useful, not much free choice
ex)unions and benefits-paid dues
|
|
|
Term
| What is a coercive organization? |
|
Definition
become member against will
ex) prison, mental hospitals |
|
|
Term
| What is a large formal organization with a Hierarchy of authority? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is deviant behavior? |
|
Definition
| Off from the norm in a culture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Strongly held norms with moral and ethical connotations that may not be violated without serious consequences in a particular culture. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Formal, standardized norms that have been enacted by legislatures and are enforced by formal sanctions. |
|
|
Term
| What is an Ideal culture? |
|
Definition
| The values and standards of behavior that people in a society profess to hold. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The values and standards of behavior that people actually follow. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Society's method of regulation of people's behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The systematic study of how biology affects social behavior |
|
|
Term
| What are Freud's stages of development? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The component of personality that includes all of the individual's basic biological drives and needs that demand immediate gratification. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The rational, reality-oriented component of personality that imposes restrictions on the innate pleasure-seeking drives of the id. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Conscience, consists of the moral and ethical aspects of personality |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Incompatible role demands are placed on a person by two or more statuses held at the same time. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When incompatible demands are built into a single status that a person occupies. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Material signs that inform others of a person's specific status. |
|
|
Term
| What is the Iron Law of Oligarchy? |
|
Definition
| The tendency to become a bureaucracy ruled by the few. |
|
|
Term
| What is the Peter Principle? |
|
Definition
| Rise to the level of incompetancy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When you accept what people call you |
|
|
Term
| What is the Differential Association Theory? |
|
Definition
| We become deviant because of the people we hangout with. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the most costly crimes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What ethnic/racial group is most likely to be arrested? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What age group is most likely to be uninsured? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a major cause of poverty in the US? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gender most likely to be poor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is the gap between high and low income between countries shrinking or growing? |
|
Definition
Rich are getting richer, poor are getting poorer. (growing)
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| where you have absolutely nothing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
poverty relative to the culture
ex) you don't have a cell pone and everyone else does |
|
|
Term
| What is a major reason for shorter life expectancy in low income countries? |
|
Definition
| infant mortality rate, health care, poor diet/sanitation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Can't read or write but can function
20% US population |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is Rostow's "Modernization Theory" |
|
Definition
| Change beliefs/practices of countries in order for them to progress. (They hold themselves back) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Colonization=dominant countries took over weak countries and developed a dependancy by taking their natural resources. |
|
|
Term
| What is global stratification? |
|
Definition
| Heirarchy status of nations (high income, middle, low) and how they are divided. |
|
|
Term
| What is the reason for Global Feminization of poverty? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many people are in the most stable type of group? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the Thomas Theorem? |
|
Definition
| Shape reality by our images and what we believe is true. |
|
|
Term
| What is the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis? |
|
Definition
| Language shapes the view of reality of its speakers. |
|
|
Term
| What are Durkein's views on the functions of deviance? |
|
Definition
| That it clarifies rules, unites a group, and promotes social change. |
|
|
Term
| What are the four levels of Merton's Strain Theory? |
|
Definition
Innovation
Ritualism
Retreatism
Rebellion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When people accept society's goals but adopt disapproved means for achieving them. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When people give up on societal goals but still adhere to the socially approved means for achieving them. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When people abandon both the approved goals and the approved means of achieving them |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When people challenge both the approved goals and the approved means for achieving them and advocate an alternative set of goals or means. |
|
|
Term
| What is social stratification? |
|
Definition
| The heirarchical arrangement of large social groups based on their control over basic resources. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The movement of individuals or groups from one level of stratification system to another |
|
|
Term
| Intergenerational Mobility |
|
Definition
| The social movement experienced by family members from one generation to the next. |
|
|
Term
| Intragenerational Mobility |
|
Definition
| The social movement of individuals within their own lifetime |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An extreme form of stratification in which some people are owned by others. |
|
|
