This method of staining is used when Mycobacterium and Nocardia are suspected

Acid Fast Stain

What the thick, waxy cell wall of bacteria is composed of

Mycolic acid

What two things to use to drive stain into the cell wall

Heat or detergent

Aerobic, slow-growing (3-4 weeks), colonies produce cauliflower appearence

Mycobacterium

What special medium for mycobacterium contains

egg yolk

Three factors that help mycobacterium pathogenicity 

High waxy content that resists phagocytosis, can survive for months outside of host, infective in extremely small amounts

Three diseases that mycobacterium cause

TB, Johne's, White Plague

Obligatory intracellular microorganism

Virus

Cannot reproduce independently, needs a living cell to multiply

virus

Three classifications of viruses

bacterial, plant or animal

Three main structures of viruses

Inner core of nucleic acid, core surrounded by a protein coat, outer protein membrane

Infectious part of virus that stores genetic information

Nucleic acid 

Protects nucleic acid core from digestion or other harm, promotes attachment to host, antigenic properties 

Protein coat ("capsid")

How the entire virus enters the host cell

endocytosis

When the virion releases genetic information allowing replication to begin

Uncoating

Non-infective stage lasting 3 - 15 hours

Replication or eclipse phase

Viruses can pass through this when bacteria can not

micropore filters

What viruses require to grow and what bacteria need to grow

Viruses require living host, bacteria grow in artificial media

What viruses do not respond to

antibiotics

What viruses are sensitive to

Interferons