Term
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Definition
| reference to identify by characteristics |
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Term
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Definition
Archaea
Eubacteria
Eukarya |
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Term
| What belongs in domain Archaea? |
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Definition
primitive bacteria such as ocean, salt, mines, thermophiles
not medically important |
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Term
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Definition
| animalia, protista, monera, fungi, plants |
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Term
| what belongs in the eubacteria domain? |
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Definition
true bacteria, gram +/-, mycoplasma, acid-fast
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Term
| What belongs in the Eukarya domain? |
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Definition
| pants, fungi, animals, protozoa |
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Term
| Monera: prokaryotes or eukaryotes? |
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Definition
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Term
Gram + cocci
Characteristics? |
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Definition
aerophilic
thin peptido
only ferment
hemolysis |
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Term
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Definition
produce extracellular enzyme
faculative anaerobe
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
soil/environment
form endospores |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
enterobacteria
fastidious |
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Term
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Definition
lives in intestines;
very motile
coliforms: digest lactose
non-coliforms: no lactose
pathogenic
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Term
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Definition
| complex nutrient requirement |
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Term
Acid fast + nocardioforms
(atypical bacteria) |
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Definition
mycolic acid waxy material
slow growing
life span 12-24 hours
difficult to treat |
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Term
mycoplasmas
(atypical bacteria)
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Definition
no cell wall
few in #
strict environment
found in lungs |
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Term
Spirochetes
(atypical bacteria) |
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Definition
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Term
Chlamydias
(atypical bacteria)
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Definition
obligate intracellular
sex/air transmitted |
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Term
Rickettsias
(atypical bacteria)
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Definition
obligate intracellular
transmitted through insect bites |
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Term
Eukaryote:
Direct Life Cycle?
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Definition
host
egg
environment
injestion/penetration |
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Term
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Definition
host (sexual repro)
egg/larve in feces/urine
intermediate host (a sexual)
Ingestion/penetration |
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Term
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Definition
amoebas
flagellates
hemoflagellates
ciliates
apicomplex |
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Term
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Definition
single cell
no cell wall
amoeboid movement |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
indirect life cycle
bug bites transmite
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| hace apicomplex at one end which allows into host cell |
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Term
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Definition
nematodes- round worm, no segments
cestodes- tape worms, segmented
trematodes- flat, no segments |
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Term
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Definition
systemic- life long
cutaneous- ex athletes foot |
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Term
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Definition
acellular
symmetric
obligate intracellular
protein + dna or rna
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Term
| whats the outer coating of a virus called? |
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Definition
| capsid made up of capsomeres |
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Term
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Definition
| get in, takes over, get out by lyse |
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Term
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Definition
| gets in, becomes dormant in latent period, stress brings out of period, incorporates, gets replicated in each new cell |
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Term
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Definition
gets in, gets copied, slowly,
buds off |
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Term
| Whats the steps in the viral life cycle? |
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Definition
1. attachemnt
2. internilization
3. uncoating
*** incorporation (only latent)
4. trascript/translate early genes
5. trascript/translate late genes
6. viral assembly
7. release
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Term
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Definition
Fusion: all virus in (enveloped) and then Endocytosis
Endocytosis- naked virus eaten |
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Term
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Definition
1. attachment
2. penetration
3. incorporation (only lytic)
4. transcript/translate early then late
5.assembly
6. lysis
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Term
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Definition
| looks like mRNA so the cell translates |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| since it looks like mRNA cell translates, part goes to make capsid, while other makes gets RDRP added, which makes - sense copy, which then makes + sense copy, then ALL is assembled |
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Term
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Definition
| - RNA + RDRP makes + strands which then it copies into - strangs and capsids, assembed and released |
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Term
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Definition
2 strands but they are not complementary
comes with RT enzyme |
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Term
| How does a retrovirus work? |
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Definition
| you start with the + rna strand and the RT, which makes a ss DNA< which then makes a ds DNA, then it incorporates, which makes copies of the viral + strand and you have capsomeres with + and RT that bud off |
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Term
| Cytopathic Effect of virus on cell? |
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Definition
lytic
buds off
viral particles
proof reading
Inclusion bodies- interfere with cell normal function
Syncytium- globs of virus |
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Term
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Definition
| protein which cause other proteins to go bad |
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Term
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Definition
| in plants which are RNA that cause RNA to go bad |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| # of cells it takes you to get sick |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
pick up from environment
present for short period of time |
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Term
| What is the purpose of KOCH postulates? |
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Definition
| to make sure a specific agent is causing the disease |
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Term
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Definition
-suspect pathogen
-absent from healthy
-pure culture
-cells from pure cause healthy to get disease |
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Term
| Whats a limitation to koch postulate? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| from animal resovoir to human |
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Term
|
Definition
direct: kissing
indirect: airbourne
Formites: inanimate objects |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
such as fleas, rodents, flies
mechanical- no repro
bioloigical- repro in vector |
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Term
|
Definition
1. transmission (contact, vehicle, vector)
2. adhearance (glycoproteins, flagella, fimbrea, hooks, teeth)
3. invasion
4. Colonization
5. Avoidance
6. Interference (only transient flora) |
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Term
|
Definition
1. incubation
2.prodomal
3. illness
4. decline
5. convalescence
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Term
| Affecting Disease Process |
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Definition
direct damage
toxins
allergic responses
cytopathic effects |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| # of ppl who come down in specific area |
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Term
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Definition
| alot of ppl in one area get sick |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
descriptive- gather info
survallence- traces disease over US/world
Field- investigate/study
Hospital- monitor outbreaks |
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Term
| ringworm is caused by what? |
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Definition
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Term
| what kingdom would you place a single cell 70 ribosome and cell wall? |
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Definition
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Term
| how does a retrovirus cause cancer? |
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Definition
| allows RNA to go back to DNA by RT enzyme |
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Term
| What affects the disease cycle? |
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Definition
| travel, climate change, sociological change, public heath care, microbe adaptation, political change(war), Economic/environment change, Technology, heard immunity |
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Term
| What happens when the # of suseptable cases hits the threshold? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is a nomosocial disease? |
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Definition
| picked up from a hospital |
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Term
| How do we control the spread of disease? |
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Definition
| education, immunizations, quarantine, surveillance, vector control |
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Term
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Definition
| no it must be made from the negative sense strand thats produced. |
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Term
| What type of epidimeologist monitor disease across the us an world? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is the release of harmful toxin a cytopathic effect? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the provirus phase? |
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Definition
| incorporation of viral DNA has occured |
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Term
| If the cell has a functional alpha unit but not beta, what will happen? |
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Definition
| It will be unable to bind to the cell and our body will destroy it |
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Term
| What is a used banage in terms of transmission? |
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Definition
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Term
| which host does asexual reproduction? |
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Definition
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Term
| if you are stuck by a dirty needle what is this called? |
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Definition
| communicable disease by a fomite |
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Term
| Do enterobacteria form endospores? |
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Definition
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Term
| Does vehicle trasmission include food water feces? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What would RNA have to have to cause cancer? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| why do lysogenic bacteriophages make themselves more virulent? |
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Definition
| because their genes are passe generation to generation |
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Term
| what are endotoxins part of? |
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Definition
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Term
| If you eat spoiled food what kind of transmission is it?? |
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Definition
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Term
| Does heat destroy endotoxins? |
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Definition
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Term
| An endemic infectious disease is always present. t or f? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| which kind of transmission involves development? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| where would u place a 80s ribosome an flagella and single cell in what kingdom? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| a mosquito bite is what kind of transmission? |
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Definition
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Term
| where does sexual repro in the indirect life cycle occur? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| who studies specific aspects of a disease? |
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Definition
| descriptive epidemiologists |
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Term
| resident flora have what with the host? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the beta sub unit do? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the alpha unit do? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the eclipse phase? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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