Term
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Definition
Includes nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea, and bronchi.
Provides rigid tubes for air to reach lungs |
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Term
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Definition
Consists of bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli.
Sites of gas exchange |
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Term
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Definition
| Diaphragm, intercostal muscles, sternum, and ribs |
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Term
Structural Divisions
Upper respiratory tract |
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Definition
| noce, nasal cavity, and pharynx |
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Term
Structural Division
Lower respiratory tract |
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Definition
| larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli sacs, and alveoli |
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Term
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Definition
| common cold; approx 200 viruses cause typical cold |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the sinuses |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the tonsils |
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Term
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Definition
Inflammation of the upper respiratory tract, sneezing, hacking cough.
Include sinusitis, swollen glands, tonsillitis, ear infection
Caused by Rhinoviruses and Coronaviruses |
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Term
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Definition
Inflammation/ infection of sinuses
Severe headaches, pain in upper jaw and teeth, fever and rhinitis.
May be acute or chronic |
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Term
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Definition
Caused by virus or bacteria
Rapid on set of throat pain, fever, colored exudate.
Most common bacterium is Streptococcus pyogenes
Rise in IgM antibody is good indicator of pharyngitis cause by strep |
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Term
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Definition
Caused by group A streptococci that produces erythrogenic toxin due to LYSOGENIZED BACTERIOPHAGE
rash can spread all over body, sore throat and high fever |
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Term
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Definition
Acute toxin-mediated disease, toxin produced by LYSOGENIZED BACTEROPHAGE
low grade fever, enlarged lymph nodes, membrane will form near tonsil
can lead to myocarditis and low platelet count |
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Term
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Definition
viral or bacterial infections
sore throat ear pain, swollen glands on either side of the neck, high fever, headache |
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Term
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Definition
inflammation of epiglottis and glottis narrowing airway
caused by Hemophilus influenzae, and Strp and Staph
can be emergency |
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Term
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Definition
inflammation of vocal cords in the larynx
caused by viral infection, sometimes physical stress
weak, hoarse, gravely voice, sore throat, difficult swallowing |
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Term
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Definition
inflammation of the trachea
caused by viral infection
sore, burning sensation as air enters lungs, hacking cough, swelling in windpipe |
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Term
Whooping Cough (pertussis)
catarrhal stage
paroxysmal stage
convalescence stage |
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Definition
caused by Bordetella pertussis
coldlike symptoms
severe coughing with whooping noise during breathing
highly infectious, low mortality rate |
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Term
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Definition
caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis
prolonged coughing, possibly with blood, fever, night sweat and weight loss |
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Term
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Definition
| caused by a variety of bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| milder than bacterial pneumonia |
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Term
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Definition
| caused by variety of viruses |
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Term
| Fungal respiratory diseases |
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Definition
| frequently secondary infections |
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Term
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Definition
| caused by Pneumocystis carinii |
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Term
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Definition
| separated into three lobes by the oblique and horizontal fissures |
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Term
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Definition
| separated into upper and lower lobes by the oblique fissure |
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Term
| Bronchial tree. As conducting tubes becomes smaller, the amount of smooth muscle ______ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Complete layer of circular smooth muscle
Lack cartilage support and mucus-producing cells |
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Term
| Streptococcues pneumoniae |
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Definition
Virulence due to capsule, most common;;
fever, chest pain, difficult breathing, low mortality rate |
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Term
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Definition
| virulence due to capsule, common throat and mouth, produces lung abscesses and permanent damage. high mortality rate |
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Term
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Definition
do not produce cell walls, common in upper respiratory tract, may produce mild pneumonia; low fever, cough, headache.
very low mortality rate |
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Term
| Legionella pneumophila (Legionnaires Disease) |
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Definition
Transmitted by water, not person to person
high fever, cough, chest pain
can be fatal if not treated |
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Term
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Definition
uncommon, If bacterium cannon be isolated from pneumonia patients it is considered viral.
most common cause of pneumonia in infants |
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Term
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Definition
| Respiratory infection, chills, fever, cough, muscular aches |
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Term
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Definition
| most common, most serious |
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Term
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Definition
| can cause epidemics, but milder than type A |
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Term
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Definition
| never causes epidemics; mild |
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Term
Fungal disease of lower respiratory
Histoplasmosis |
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Definition
Resembles tuberculosis, can produce lesions in all organs
acquired from airborne spores |
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Term
Fungal disease of lower respiratory
Coccidioidomycosis |
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Definition
Endemic to dry, alkaline soils of southwest U.S.
forms spherules containing spores in tissues
easily spread by aerosols
similar to tuberculosis |
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Term
Fungal Disease of lower respiratory
Pneumocystis pneumonia (jiroveci) |
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Definition
present in healthy lungs of all mammals, causes disease in immunosuppressed people, (AIDS patients)
shortness of breath, fever, cough, chest pain |
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Term
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Definition
| labored breathing, wheezing, chest tightness, inflammation, bronchospasms, airways thickened with exudates |
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Term
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Definition
| weakened and collapsed air sacs with excess mucus |
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