Term
|
Definition
The body’s response to tissue injury.
-can be trauma with or without microorganisms
-normal body defense mechanism
-designed to localize injury and remove injurious agents if present |
|
|
Term
| Signs & Symptoms of Inflammation: H |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Signs & Symptoms of Inflammation: I |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Signs & Symptoms of Inflammation: P |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Signs & Symptoms of Inflammation: E |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Signs & Symptoms of Inflammation: R |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Signs & Symptoms of Inflammation: acute may also .... |
|
Definition
| have impaired function of the part |
|
|
Term
| Causes of Inflammation: Direct Damage |
|
Definition
-cuts
-sprains
-chemical burns
-allergic reactions
-thermal burns
-foreign bodies (ex. splinters, dirt, bacteria) |
|
|
Term
| Inflammatory response is... |
|
Definition
-the same regardless of cause
-cause affects severity of process |
|
|
Term
| Inflammatory process starts with... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 chemicals released into tissue fluid and blood... |
|
Definition
-histamine
-kinins
-prostaglandins |
|
|
Term
| the release of the 3 chemicals cause... |
|
Definition
-vasodilation
-capillary permeability
-leukocytosis
-irritation of nerve endings |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increases blood flow to injury area |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-increase in fluid to area
-localize and wall off area to dilute toxins or microorganisms to site
-causes edema and pain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-increase in white blood cells to area
-will phagocytize any microorganisms (remove cell debris (injured tissue))(clean)(prepare for healing) |
|
|
Term
| Irritation of Nerve Endings |
|
Definition
| inflammation process and all reactions start healing process/encourages healing at site of injury |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-localize injury and infection if present
-prevents the spread of pathogens
-destroys pathogens
-heals and repairs damaged tissue |
|
|
Term
| Treatment of Acute Inflammation |
|
Definition
-rest inflamed part
-exercise or movement increases inflammation and spread of microorganisms
-application of heat (dilate brings blood) and cold (vasoconstriction reduce edema, reduce blood flow)
-open drainage (relieve tension from swelling or allow bacteria to escape
-supplement body's natural defenses with antibiotics/possible anti-inflammatory drugs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tissue fluid that develops at site injury |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
watery drainage of tissue fluid with small amounts of protein and cells
-ex. allergic reaction, burn, viral infection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
drainage contains red blood cells
(sero-sanguin-watery) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
thick and sticky drainage
higher risk for scar formation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pus drainage
contains leukocytes cell debris microbes
bacterial infection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
body-wide
not specific to an area |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
can be beneficial unless gets too high
body fighting |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| help to determine where systemic inflammation is |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| White Blood Cell (WBC) Count |
|
Definition
| increase usually tells that there is an infection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, lymphocytes
-amount of each of the 5 types of white blood cell counts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fluid found within a cell |
|
|
Term
| Extracellular or Intercellular |
|
Definition
-fluid found between cells
-plasma, lymph, tissue fluid or interstitial |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-fluid of blood
-proteins found in blood
-albumin, globulin, fibrinogen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cell enzymes that increase when there is severe inflammation
-specifically when necrosis is present
-see if there is major damage to heart and liver |
|
|
Term
| Complication of Inflammation |
|
Definition
-infection
-ulcers
-skeletal muscle spasm
-chronic inflammation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| if tissue damage, it is easier for microorganisms to get in |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
irritated area
-cell necrosis
-erosion of tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| if inflammation is near bones and joints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
can follow acute inflammation
-happens when we have not found the problem and provided cure
-more tissue damage, more scar tissue |
|
|
Term
| The body's protective mechanisms |
|
Definition
| skin (if intact), mucous membranes, cilia, tears |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
body's greatest defense if intact
-thick barrier
-includes secretions that help prevent growth of bacteria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
anywhere there is an opening to the outside
-vascular underneath/very good blood supply
-ex. respiratory/digestive/genitourinary systems
-have normal flora |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
little hair-like structures in respiratory system
-sweeps trapped microorganisms up and out |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
protect your eye by constantly washing over eye
-contain a natural bactericidal agent |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| responsible for returning tissue fluid to the blood and protecting the body from foreign material |
|
|
Term
| Parts of the lymphatic system |
|
Definition
-Lymph
-System of Lymph Vessels
-Lymph Nodes
-Nodules
-Spleen
-Thymus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tiny permeable one -cellular walled vessels that pick up interstitial fluid and put it into the lymphatic system allowing it to be cleansed prior to being returned to the blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| as soon as the interstitial fluid has entered the lymphatic capillaries it is now considered lymph |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This is the movement of fluid collected from the tissues to the lymph capillaries, lymph vessels, lymph nodes/ nodules, major lymph ducts, to the right or left subclavian vein to the circulatory system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| by way of the smooth muscle layer in the lymph vessels. The structure differs from veins as there is no heart to pump the fluid so this muscle constricts. One way valves prevent backflow of the lymph fluid. Our muscle contractions while breathing and the movement of skeletal muscles also helps in the process of the movement of lymph fluid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Cervical lymph nodes
-Axillary lymph nodes
-Inguinal lymph nodes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| found in neck region. can enlarge with strep throat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Specific lymph tissue found in areas of mucous membranes |
|
Definition
-Peyer’s Patches
-Palatine Tonsils
-Pharyngeal Tonsil
-Lingual Tonsils |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| found in the pharynx one on each side - on the lateral walls |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
posterior wall of pharynx
this tissue is removed during an adenoidectomy. Atrophies after childhood. Usually do not have after age of 16 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Right lymphatic duct
-Cisterna chyli
-Thoracic duct |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| located above the diaphragm and on the right side of the body. Receives lymph from the right side of the head, neck, thorax, and upper extremity and empties into the right subclavian vein which puts the lymph back into the circulatory system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
lymph vessels from the lower extremities join the
cisterna chyli. This is located in front of the lumbar vertebrae (in front of spine and just above umbilicus) This vessel continues to the Thoracic duct which then empties into the left subclavian vein which returns it to the circulatory system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lymph vessels from the left side of the body, arm , and the head and neck areas empty and empties into the left subclavian vein which returns it to the circulatory system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Located in the upper left quadrant of the abdominal cavity. Behind the stomach and below the diaphragm. The rib cage protects it from damage. The spleen is 5-6 inches long and 2-3 inches wide. It is referred to as the largest mass of lymphatic tissue in the body. It is soft and spongy and purplish in color. It has an usually large blood supply considering its size |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. In the embryo ( before birth ) the spleen produces RBC’s
after birth the red bone marrow takes over this function
2. After birth produces 2 types of WBC’s
Lymphocytes and Monocytes
3. Filters cancer cells and other foreign materials as well as old RBC’s
4. stores blood - about 350 cc which can be returned to the blood stream in case of emergency such as a hemorrhage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| highly vascular. If ruptured by a blunt injury/ trauma a person can bleed to death. This will often result in a splenectomy |
|
|
Term
| so remember - spleen functions... |
|
Definition
-before birth produces red
-after birth produces white
-filters
-stores blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
2 lobed organ located in the upper part of the chest cavity along the trachea, inferior to the thyroid gland, and posterior to the sternum
it is at its largest size in infancy
decreases in size and activity after puberty and is replaced by connective tissue
The thymus gland specifically produces T- Cell Lymphocytes which function to fight infection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the thymus secretes thymosin which is necessary for the maturation of T-Cells and for the growth of lymphoid tissue throughout the body. once this is developed our immune system is in place.
This is happening while this gland is larger and developing the immunity in infants and the process is usually complete by age 2. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ability to destroy pathogens or other foreign material and to prevent further cases of certain infectious diseases |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Chemical markers that identify cells as self or non-self
-Human cells have there own antigens that identify them as self
-All other cells have a foreign or non-self |
|
|
