Term
-Purine: 6-membered and 5-membered nitrogen containing ring fused together.
-Pyramidine: only have 6-membered nitrogen containing ring |
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Definition
| Differentiate the purine bases and pyrimidine bases. |
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Term
| Transfer of DNA between bacterial cells that require cell to cell contact. Steps: Mating pair formation; conjugal DNA synthesis; DNA transfer and maturation. |
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Definition
| Discuss bacterial conjugation and the structures involved? |
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Term
| Identical; DNA replication; Haploid (1 copy); Vertical Gene Transfer VGT; Binary Fission; asexual; Fast & simple. |
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Definition
| Explain generation/doubling time. Be sure you can be able to calculate numbers of generations and generation times. |
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Term
| Its shape changes due to the breakdown of the molecule and can no longer fit active site on the substrate. Changes in pH or Temp can denature. |
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Definition
| Explain denaturation of an enzyme. What can cause this to happen ? |
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Term
| Protein synthesis, transcription, translation |
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Definition
| What are three types of work the cell must do? |
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Term
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Definition
| Briefly diagram the flow of genetic information. |
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Term
| Highly regulated by enzymes; Duplication or doubling of DNAl; Prepares for binary fission; unzip bases/strands-breaking H bonds. Semiconservative: half of new DNA is old, half is new. |
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Definition
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Term
| First step in protein synthesis. Copies genetic info to mRNA. |
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Definition
| Briefly explain transcription. |
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Term
| 2nd step; translates genetic code into amino acid forms protein. |
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Definition
| Briefly explain translation. |
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Term
| Substance that increases the mutation of genetic material; such as radiation or a chemical substance. |
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Definition
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Term
| Messenger; carries genetic messages from nucleoid to ribosome. |
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Definition
| What is the function of mRNA? |
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Term
| Transfer: carries amino acids to ribosome. |
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Definition
| What is the function of tRNA |
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Term
| Ribosomal: composes ribosome. |
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Definition
| What is the function of rRNA? |
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Term
| A unit made up of linked genes that is thought to regulate other genes responisble for protein synthesis. |
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Definition
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Term
| Permanent change in DNA sequence of a gene. |
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Definition
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Term
| Transfer of DNA by conjugal plasmids. Requires cell to cell contact but can occur between distantly related bacteria or even bacteria and eukaryotic cells. (Pili) |
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Definition
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Term
| Uses half of old DNA to create new DNA. |
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Definition
| What is meant by semiconservative replication? |
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Term
| Highly compacted structures and share many properties with their eukaryote counterparts despite not being organized into chromatin or being contained within a nucleus. |
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Definition
| Describe the bacterial chromosome. How many sets of genes are found on this chromosome? |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| How many bases make up the code for an amino acid? |
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Term
| Anticodon is opposite of a codon and is connected to a tRNA which drops off amino acids in working order. U-A G-C. |
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Definition
| Define codon and anticodon. |
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Term
| F+ has plasmid cells. F- Does not. |
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Definition
| Differentiate F+ and F- cells. |
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Term
| Reduction of microbial population to a safe level. |
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Definition
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Term
| Destruction or removal of all viable organisms from that object of environment. |
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Definition
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Term
| Killing; inhibiting, or removal of pathogenic organisms. |
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Definition
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Term
| Prevention of infection of living tissues by microorganisms. |
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Definition
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Term
DNA: Found in nucleoid regions and in plasmids of bacteria and archaea. 5 carbon sugar deoxyribose, A-T G-C. Phosphorus connects Deoxyribose sugars together. Double stranded.
RNA: Found in cytosol. mRNA, tRNA, rRNA. 5 carbon sugar ribose. A-U C-G. Functions in protein synthesis and gene regulation. Single stranded. |
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Definition
| Differentiate DNA and RNA. |
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Term
| They are eukaryotic, whereas bacteria are prokaryotic. |
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Definition
| Why is it hard for an antibiotic to work against fungal or protozoan infections. |
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Term
| Nucleic Acid and some form of a capsid. |
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Definition
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Term
| Kills a numerous number of bacteria instead of just certain types. |
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Definition
| What is a broad stream antibiotic? |
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Term
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Definition
| When replicating DNA, what it a primer made up of? |
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Term
| A protein coat that encloses genetic material. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| What is the enzyme that goes from RNA to DNA? |
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Term
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Definition
| What is the period when a bacteria feeds on a host? |
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Term
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Definition
| What is a mutation in DNA that doesn't change the amino acid? |
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Term
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Definition
| What is the enzyme for unwinding? |
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Term
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Definition
| What is the promoter region? |
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Term
| Where translation takes place. |
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Definition
| What is the leader sequence? |
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Term
| The trailer sequence of mRNA. |
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Definition
| What is the termination sequence? |
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Term
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Definition
| The coding strand is opposite of the _____ _____. |
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Term
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Definition
| The template strand is complementary to the _____ _____. |
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