Term
|
Definition
| the bacteria is not affected by the drug |
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Term
|
Definition
| the bacteria is in-between being sensitive and being resistant |
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Term
|
Definition
| bacteria is inhibited by the drug |
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Term
|
Definition
| combined activity is less than the activity of a single drug |
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Term
|
Definition
| activity of drug combination is greater than the activity of a single drug |
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Term
|
Definition
| lowest concentration of drug that achieves 99.9% killing |
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Term
|
Definition
| lowest concentration that inhibits growth |
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Term
|
Definition
| area of no growth around a disk |
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|
Term
| Need to control in AST testing |
|
Definition
| inoculum, media, incubation, agents, and endpoint measurement |
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Term
|
Definition
| Mueller Hinton, ca/mg content, thymidine content, pH and agar depth |
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Term
|
Definition
| aerobic atmosphere, 35 temperatures, 18-24 hours in length |
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|
Term
| Antimicrobial agents control |
|
Definition
| solutions prepared from reference standard powder, proper storage, disk proper concentrations/storage/placement on agar |
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|
Term
| Endpoint measurement control |
|
Definition
| microbroth dilution, adequate lighting and reading device, disk diffusion |
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Term
|
Definition
| dilution tests, agar dilution testing, automated methods |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Kirby bauer test- depends upon formation of a gradient of antimicrobial concentration as agent diffuses into agar |
|
|
Term
| measuring zone of inhibition |
|
Definition
| related to MICS and used to breakpoints for interpretations |
|
|
Term
| inoculation and incubation |
|
Definition
| even lawn growth, accurate placement of discs, incubate within 15 minutes for 18-24 hours in ambient air at 35 |
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Term
|
Definition
| diameters of zone measured in mm |
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Term
|
Definition
| very thin plastic test strip that are impregnated on the undersurface with an antimicrobial concentration gradient and are marked on the upper surface with a concentration index, MIC |
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Term
|
Definition
| Broth macrodilution, broth microdilution, |
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Term
|
Definition
| minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) |
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Term
|
Definition
| MIC (lowest concentration of agent required to inhibit growth), serial two-fold dilution (Microtiter plates), can be susceptible, sensitive or resistant (should be 4 fold difference between resistant and sensitive) |
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Term
|
Definition
| qualitative interp, problems: trailing growth patterns and skipped wells |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Need to use an 0.5 mcF for susceptibility testing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Selection of agents for AST and reporting |
|
Definition
| Input from lab, pharm and infectious disease services, patient pop, limits of method, standard publications, selection of test batteries, selection of reporting |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| lack of in vitro/in vivo correlation, cascade reporting start with primary choice, and if resistance move on to secondary |
|
|
Term
| Factors to consider when determining is AST is warranted |
|
Definition
| Body site of infection, presence of other bacteria and quality of specimen, host status (allergic) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| bacteria isolated from specimen is causing infection, or susceptibility is uncertain |
|
|
Term
| A test is unnecessary when |
|
Definition
| bacteria are predictably susceptible |
|
|
Term
| Effective antimicrobial susceptibility testing: |
|
Definition
| relevance, accuracy and communication |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| clinical significance of isolate, predictability of susceptibility, availability of testing methods, selection of appropriate antimicrobials |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reliable methods, prompt and through review, prompt resolution of unusual results |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| add message to clarify and explain susceptibility testing and potential therapeutic problems |
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