Term
What are the 3 protozoa that cause GI infections? What kind of diarrhea do they cause? |
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Definition
Entamoeba histolytica: Bloody diarrhea Giardia lamblia: Fatty diarrhea
Cryptospordium parvum: Watery diarrhea |
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Term
| How does Entamobea look as a cyst? |
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Definition
Spherical w/ 4 nucleui and dark staining chromatoidal bodies
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Term
| Describe Entamobea was a trophozite |
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Definition
| Ameboid with vesciular nucleus and no mitochondria |
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Term
Clinically what does Entamobea cause? What's its complications? |
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Definition
1. Abdominal cramps 2. Dysentery with blood and mucous 3. NO fever and NO PMN Complications 1. Travels to the liver 2. Forms abscess |
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Term
| Where does Entambea invade in the GI tract? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do you contract Entamobea? |
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Definition
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Term
How are the symptoms of Entamoeba different from a bacterial one?
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Definition
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Term
| What's the treatment for Entameoba? |
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Definition
Asymptomatic: Lodoquino Symtpomatic: Metronidazole |
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Term
| Describe the Trophozoite phase of Giardia |
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Definition
| Half pear shaped w/ 8 flagella, it contains 2 nuclei |
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Term
| Describe the trophozoite phase of Giardia |
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Definition
| Half pear shaped w/ 8 flagella and 2 nuclei |
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Term
| Why is Giardia significant clinically? |
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Definition
Causes Giardiasis 1. Ab. distentsion 2. Foul smelling fatty diarrhea 3. Can lead to malabsorption, Vit B12 defincency |
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Term
How do you get diardiasis? Where does it attach in the Intestine? |
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Definition
Contaminated food or water In the small intestine |
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Term
| Giardia is the world most common cause of? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is Giardiasis distinct from other forms of Dysntery? |
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Definition
No fever or PMN No mucous or blood |
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Term
| How do you treat Giardiasis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the Trophozoite & cyst phase of Trichomoniasis |
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Definition
Trophozoite: Half pear shape w/ 1 nuclues and 4 flagella Cyst: NONE |
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Term
| What are the Trichomoniasis symptoms for men and women? |
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Definition
Men: Mostly asymtpomatic Mild urethritis w/ pain Women: Foul smelling discharge Itching and burning |
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Term
| Trichomoniasis is contracted how? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Name the 2 protozoans that affect the immunocompromised |
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Definition
Cryptospordium parvum Toxoplasma gondii |
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Term
| What are the symptoms for a Cryptospordium infection? |
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Definition
| Explosive watery diarrhea w/ low fever |
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Term
| Where in the GI does Cryptosporidium attach to? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the reservoir for Cryptosporidium? |
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Definition
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Term
| In the lab what stain would you use for Cryptosporidum? |
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Definition
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Term
| How would you treat Cryptosporidium |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the symptoms of Acquired Toxoplasmosis |
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Definition
| Enlarged lymph nodes, muscle pain, fever |
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Term
| Describe the symptoms of Congenital Toxo in different stages of pregnancy |
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Definition
Early Pregnancy Spontaneous aborption 2-6 months of gestation Blindness, CNS lesions & learning disability Last 3 months Prognosis is good |
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Term
| Describe the symptoms of toxo in the immunosuppressed |
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Definition
| vision disturbances, blindess and it can involve the liver & heart |
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Term
| Decribe the symptoms of toxo in the brain |
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Definition
Encephalitis, Severe headaches, ataxia & CN palsie Can lead to mood and personality changes |
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Term
| How do you contract Toxo? |
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Definition
| Cats and in contaminated food |
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Term
| What's the treatment in pregnancy for toxo? |
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Definition
Early pregancy use Spiramycin Later in pregnay use Pyrimethamine Use Sulfonamide if the fetus has toxo Use sulfadiazine & folic acid for babies born w/ it |
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Term
| How would you treat an AIDS patient w/ toxo? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the 3 blood/Tissue Protozans |
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Definition
Trypansoma grambinse & rhodesinse Trypanosoma cruzi Leishmania donovani |
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Term
| What disease does Trypanosoma grambiese & rohdesinse cause? |
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Definition
African sleeping sickness Early: 1. Malaise 2. Fever 3. Swelling of the cervical nodes Advance: 1. Neurological problems 2. Endocrine disorders 3. Coma & death |
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Term
| How do you get African sleeping sickness |
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Definition
| Transmitted by Tsetse fly |
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Term
| What's the pathogensis of African sleeping sickness |
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Definition
1. Multipies in blood and lymph nodes 2. Causes hemorrhage and necrosis around blood vessels
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Term
| How do you treat Afrian sleepying sickness |
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Definition
Early: Suramin & pentamidine Late: Melarsoprol |
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Term
| What does Trypanosoma cruzi cause? |
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Definition
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Term
| What's the symptoms of Chagas disease? |
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Definition
Primary lesion 1. Erythematous plaque surrounded by hard edema 2. Chagoma on site of bite Acute state 1. Fever, chills, malaise, restlessness |
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Term
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Definition
Acute: Lampit and Nitrofurazone Early Chronic: Benznidazole |
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Term
| How does Leishmaniasis present? |
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Definition
1. Self healing lesion 2. Fever, weight loos, swelling of the liver and spleen |
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Term
| What's the vector for Leishmaniasis? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do you treat Leishmania |
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Definition
| Amphotericin B & Pentamidine |
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Term
| Name the 4 plasmoida for malaria |
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Definition
P. falciparum P. vivax P. Ovale P. malariae |
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Term
| How does malaria present? |
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Definition
1. Fever of unknown origin 2. episodes of high fever, shaking chills followed by periods of profuse swelling 3. Anemia, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly |
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Term
| Summarize the life cycle of Malaria |
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Definition
1. Transmitted by bite 2. Invades liver & divide 3. Schizonts rupture in bloodstream 4. Invade RBC 5. Rupture RBC |
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Term
| How does the organism of malaria gain there energy? What is the consequence of this? |
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Definition
1. Energy from anerobic glycolysis (glucose to lactic acid) 2. Hypoglycemia & lactic acidosis |
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Term
| What's the pathogenesis of P. falciparum |
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Definition
| Forms knobs on the surface of RBC which causes obstruction of blood flow |
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Term
| Give the length of the cycles of each malarian organism |
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Definition
P. falciparum is irregular P. vival/ovale is every 2 days P. malariae is every 3 days |
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Term
| What's the treatment of Malaria? |
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Definition
Chloroquine phosphate (some resistance) Quinine sulfate Quinidine gluconate |
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