Term
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Definition
| Archea,Bacteria, Eukariota |
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Term
| What do scientists believe about archea? |
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Definition
| they believe that Archea are ancient and that they may have robust evolutionary connections to the first organisms to live on earth |
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Term
| why use 16s ribosomal RNA tomap how life is related to each other |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species |
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Term
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Definition
1. Have a nucleus
2. A nuclear membrane with complex pores for entry and exit
3. Have organells
4. Parts inside the cell have complex movements directed by microtubules
5. have a complex cytoskeleton |
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Term
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Definition
| A microorganism, microscopic. Includes bacteria, fungi, archea, green algea, |
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Term
| Name all microorganism that are eucaryotes that you can think of |
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Definition
Amoebas
Yeast and other fungi
Green Algae |
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Term
| Are all eakaryotes larger than all types of bacteria? |
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Definition
| No, some eukaryotes are small and some bacteria |
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Term
| Which is the smallest freeliving eukaryote? |
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Definition
the Ostereococcus!
It is a coccus shaped green algea which only has three organells |
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Term
| Which is the largest bacteria |
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Definition
Epulopiscum fisheloni!
it is thought to help athe surgeon fish digest green algea |
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Term
The giant bacteria, Epulopiscum Fishelsoni has a huge volume
List your top 3 problems this large size might have. |
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Definition
1.Small surface area compared to the large volume, that makes the bacteria less able to have things going in and out of the mambrane.
2. |
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Term
| What is horizontal gene transfer? |
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Definition
| Horizontal gene transfer (HGT), also lateral gene transfer (LGT), is any process in which an organism incorporates genetic material from another organism without being the offspring of that organism. By contrast, vertical transfer occurs when an organism receives genetic material from its ancestor, e.g., its parent or a species from which it has evolved. |
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Term
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Definition
The Archaea are a group of single-celled microorganisms.They have no cell nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelles within their cells.
In the past they had been classed with bacteria as prokaryotes (or Kingdom Monera) and named archaebacteria, but this classification is regarded as outdated.In fact, the Archaea have an independent evolutionary history and show many differences in their biochemistry from other forms of life, and so they are now classified as a separate domain in the three-domain system. |
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Term
| Where can archea be found? |
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Definition
Initially, archaea were seen as extremophiles that lived in harsh environments, such as hot springs and salt lakes, but they have since been found in a broad range of habitats, including soils, oceans, marshlands and the human colon
10% of our gut microorganisms are archea and 20% of the earth´s biomass may be forms of archea. |
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Term
Some archeaons can grow in extreame conditions
Give one example |
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Definition
Picrophilus torridus, grows at pH 0.0
which is equivalent to thriving in 1.2 Molar sulfuric acid. |
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Term
| What are the groups of extremophile archea |
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Definition
Extremophile archaea are members of four main physiological
groups. These are the halophiles, thermophiles, alkaliphiles, and
acidophiles |
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Term
So what are the differences between
Archaeons and Bacteria? |
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Definition
mRNA transcription machinery is closer to ours than bacteria
protein translation machinery is closer to ours than bacteria
No Archaeon is a known pathogen to man
they do not give us diseases like bacteria
Amazing range of ways to get energy, their nutrients
Hydrogen gas, sunlight, oxidation of ammonia, metal ions, sulfur
no oxygen generating photosynthesis
Both bacteria and eukaryotes make spores to survive hard
conditions but spores are not present in Archaea |
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Term
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Definition
Most archeaons have the same or similar shapes as bacteria but Some oddball species have been discovered with a triangular shape, or even
a square shape like a postage stamp! |
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