Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Causes of neonatal conjunctivitis |
|
Definition
staphylococcus
strep
h. influenzae
pneumococcus
herpes simplex
occurs 24 hours after birth |
|
|
Term
| Tx for gonococcal conjunctivitis |
|
Definition
topical erythomycin ointment plus ceftriaxone 25-50 mg/kg (max 125) IM or IV
chlamydia- erythromycin ethylsuccinate 50 mg/kg- 4 doses. increased risk of pyloric stenosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
group A beta hemolytic strep
n. gonorrhea
mycoplasma
chlamydia trach
viral |
|
|
Term
| Treatment options for pharyngitis (Abx) |
|
Definition
ceftin 500 mg BID x 5-10d
amoxicillin
erythromycin
azith
clindamycin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Strep species
h. influenza
m. catarrhalis
viral |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Amox 250-500 q8 x 10d
augmentin 500-875 q12
omnicef
vantin
ceftin
zithromax
clarithromycin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
s. pneumoniae- gram +, 25% DRSP through altered protein sites
h. influenza- gram -; >30% DRSP; common in recurrent infections or tobacco use
m. catarrhalis- less common pathogen > 90% DRSP through beta lactamase production |
|
|
Term
| Tx for acute rhinosinusitis |
|
Definition
mild dz- no other abx in 4 weeks- amox or augementin-then, vantin, ceftin or omnicef; if PCN allergy, bactrim (failure risk) or doxy
if moderate dz or recent abx use; levofloxacin, hd augmentin |
|
|
Term
| suppurative conjunctivitis causes and tx |
|
Definition
s.aureus
s. pneumoniae
h. influenzae
tx: 1st- FQ ocular (gata, levo, moxi)- most s. pneumoniae restistant to gent and tobramycin
2nd- polymyxin B with trimethoprim or azithromycin 1% optho |
|
|
Term
| Causes and tx of otitis externa |
|
Definition
pseudomonas
proteus
enterobacter
fungi rare etiology
tx; otic drops with ofloxacin or cipro with hydrocortisone
2nd- polymyxin B with neomycin- do not use if TM ruptured |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| class of drug for doxycycline |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CAP causes suitible for outpatient |
|
Definition
s. pneumniae
m. pneumonaie
c. pneumonaie
resp viruses including influenza A/B, RSV, adenovirus, parainfluenza |
|
|
Term
| CAP causes requiring inpatient tx |
|
Definition
m. s. c. pneumonaie
legionella
h. influenza |
|
|
Term
| Effective antimicrobials for non resistant s. pneumo in CAP |
|
Definition
macrolides
standard dose amox
select ceph
doxy |
|
|
Term
| effective abx for resistant s. pneumo in CAP |
|
Definition
| HD amox, resp Fq (moxi, levo, gemo) |
|
|
Term
| if suspect atypical pneumonia- cause and tx |
|
Definition
m. pneumo
c. pneumo
legionella
macrolide, resp FQ, doxy
ineffective abx- beta lactams |
|
|
Term
| CAP caused by h. influenza and treatment |
|
Definition
30% DRSP risk through beta lactamase production
tobacco related
tx with gram - coverage and stable in the presence of beta lactamase
ceph, augmentin, macrolides, resp FQ, doxy |
|
|
Term
| causes of nongonococcal urethritis and cervicitis and tx |
|
Definition
c. trachomatis
azith 1g as one time dose
others: doxy, levo (multiple days) |
|
|
Term
| causes of gonococcal urthritis and vaginitis |
|
Definition
n. gonorrhoea (beta lactam)
tx: suprax, ceftriaxone as 1 time dose (FQ not recommended)
spectinomycin in beta lactam allergy |
|
|
Term
| causes of trichomoniasis and tx |
|
Definition
parasitic infection
t. vaginalis
oral flagyl- no topical as organism can also be in bladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
n. gonorrhea
c. trachomatis
enterobacter
ceftriaxone IM plus doxy x 14 days with/without flagyl |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
bactrim DS x 3 d or microdantin x 7 d (if resistance to bactrim) with pyridium
2nd- cipro 250 BID, cipro 500 qd, levo, for 3 d |
|
|
Term
| Tx for uncomplicated pyelonephritis |
|
Definition
| cipro 500 BID, levo, ofloxicin all for 7 d |
|
|
Term
| causes and tx of epididymitis/orchitis in <35y |
|
Definition
n. gonorrhoeae
c. trachomatis
ceftriaxone 250 mg IM x1 plus doxy x 10d
scrotal elevation |
|
|
Term
| causes and tx of epididymitis/orchitis > 35y |
|
Definition
enterobacter
cipro 500 mg Qd or levo 450 qd x 10-14d
2nd- IV unasyn 3d ceph |
|
|
Term
| Causes and tx of acute bacterial prostatitis < 35 y |
|
Definition
n. gonorrhoeae
c. trachomatis
ceftriaxone 250 mg IM x1 plus doxy x 10d |
|
|
Term
| Causes and tx of acute bacterial prostatitis > 35 y |
|
Definition
enterobacter
cipro 500 BID or ofloxicin 200 mg QD x 14d |
|
|
Term
| Causes and tx of chronic bacterial prostatitis |
|
Definition
enterobacter
cipro x 4 weeks
levo x 6 weeks
bactrim DS BID x 1-3 months
"hurts to sit down" |
|
|
Term
| tx for chancroid in primary syphilis |
|
Definition
| azithromycin 1g x 1 or ceftriaxone 250 mg IM x 1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| enterococci are resistant to what class of abx |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Erythromycin for 14 days
Other macrolides also |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
doxy
cefuroxime
amoxicillin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| group A strep, staph aureus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
few lesion- bactroban
multiple- need G+ coverage plus stable in beta lactamase= dicloxacillin, 1st or 2nd ceph, azith, clarith |
|
|
Term
| Macrolides will have coverage against what organisms? |
|
Definition
| Gram +, gram -, and anaerobes |
|
|
Term
| Side effect of quinolones in children |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vancomycin has what kind of coverage only |
|
Definition
Gram + (staph and strep only)
used for bacterial menengitis, bone/joint infection |
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