Term
| What is transformation, transduction, and conjugation? |
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Definition
-Transformation is the uptake of free genetic info
-Transduction is phage mediated
-Conjugation is with plasmids |
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Term
| What is competence? What bac genera are competent? |
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Definition
-Able to take up transforming DNA
-Haemophilus
-Neisseria
-Bacillus
-Staphylococcus
-Streptococcus
(Hey, Nice Butt Sarah Smith) |
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Term
| Which are the naturally and transiently competent bac? |
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Definition
-Neisseria gonorrhoeae is always competent
-S. pneumoniae and H. influenza require a competence factor **(competence activator protein) |
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Term
| Which bac do and do not require specific uptake sequences? |
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Definition
-H. Influenza and N. gonorrhoeae require uptake sequences
-Bacillus subtilis and S. pneumoniae do not; will take up any DNA, but only homologous will be used |
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Term
| How does the transformation work in H. influenza? |
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Definition
-Remember, it needs both a competence factor and an uptake sequence
-It has transformasomes that react with conserved regions of external DNA, which it mediates the uptake of
-The DNA is taken intact |
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Term
| How does the transformation work in Streptococcus pneumoniae? How does it use the DNA? |
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Definition
-Competent state is induced (by *competence activator)
-Induces new proteins that can bind DNA
-One strand of the DNA is **degraded and the other is imported; integrates right into homologous region |
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Term
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Definition
-A protein needed in homologous recombination
-Basically holds the incoming RNA and the double helix at the same time and mediates its incorporation
-The homologous segments are simply lost
-Present in E. coli |
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Term
| How can we induce transformation by plasmids? |
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Definition
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