Term
| Epstein Barr Virus (Gammaherpesvirus): Characteristics |
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Definition
Genome: linear dsDNA
Enveloped
Replication: nucleus |
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Term
| Epstein Barr Virus (Gammaherpesvirus): Pathogenesis |
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Definition
Transmission: saliva
Site of Primary Infection: URT
Spread to B Lymphocytes:: up to 10% may become infected (heterophile Ab secretion and lymphocytosis) |
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Term
| Epstein Barr Virus (Gammaherpesvirus): Diseases Caused |
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Definition
Young Children: infection usually asymptomatic
-Fever and sore throat most common
-May also cause diarrhea, otitis media, infectious mono (less common)
Adolescents/Adults: asymptomatic disease less common
-Infectious Mono: fever, sore throate, anorexia, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphocytosis, heterophile Abs
Cancer:
-Burkitt’s Lymphoma (malaria may be a cofactor)
-Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (Southern China; genetic, dietary and environmental cofoactors)
-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (EBV detected ~50% of cases)
Cancer in Immnocompromise:
-Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders and lymphomas
-X-linked lymphoproliferative
-AIDS associated lymphomas (tend to occur in CNS)
Hairy Oral Leukoplakia: in mouth of AIDs patients
-White, wart like lesions on the side of the tongue (NOT TUMORS) |
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Term
| Cytolomegalovirus (Betaherpesvirus): Characteristics |
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Definition
Genome: linear dsDNA
Enveloped
Replication: nucleus |
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Term
| Cytolomegalovirus (Betaherpesvirus): Pathogenesis |
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Definition
| Transmission: virus shed in urine, saliva and other body fluids |
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Term
| Cytolomegalovirus (Betaherpesvirus): Diseases Caused |
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Definition
Usually asymptomatic: may cause infectious mono-like disease (heterophile Ab negative)
Immunocompromise: CMV pneumonia and retinitis possible
Neonatal/Fetal CMV: major problem
-Risk of death, mental retardation and deafness |
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Term
| Adenovirus: Characteristics |
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Definition
Genome: linea dsDNA
Non-enveloped: icosahedral
-Fibers at vertices (characteristic)
Replication: nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
Transmission:
-Respiratory spread (most common); will still spread to GI tract
-Fecal/oral spread
-Iatrogenic spread (ie. to conjunctiva)
Bind: CAR receptor and integrin co-receptor on host cell
Infect: mucosal epithelial cells of the respiratory tract, GI tract and eye
Viral Entry: endocytosis
Viral Release: cell lysis (inefficient, but a lot of viral particles made) |
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Term
| Adenovirus: Diseases Caused |
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Definition
Acute Respiratory Infections: highly infectious
-Fever, sore throat, cough, nasal congestion, tonsillitis
Acute Respiratory Disease: military recruits (mild URI pneumonia)
-Vaccine available for military use only
Pneumonia: possible complication of any Adenovirus RTI
-Common cause of childhood pneumonia or pneumonia in immunocompromise
Pharygoconjunctival Fever: conjunctivitis + URTI (often from pools)
Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis: minor corneal abrasions required
GI Disease: only Type 40 /41 (infant gastroenteritis)
Urethritis/Cystitis: uncommon (Type 27) |
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Term
| Parvovirus B19 (Parvoviridae): Characteristics |
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Definition
Genome: linear ssDNA
Non-enveloped: icosahedral
Replication: nucleus (AUTONOMOUS) |
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Term
| Parvovirus B19 (Parvoviridae): Pathogenesis |
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Definition
Many infections are asymptomatic:
-Infection in school age children more common
-Abs increase with age
Transmission: respiratory route, transplacental (if primary B19 infection in pregnant woman) |
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Term
| Parvovirus B19 (Parvoviridae): Diseases Caused |
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Definition
Erythema Infectiosum (Fifth Disease):
First Phase: non-specific flu-like symptoms
-Viremia
-Formation of IgM-parvovirus immune complexes
Second Phase: deposition of immune complexes
-Erythematous rash
-Arthritis
Transient Aplastic Crisis: in people with hemolytic anemia
-Replicates in bone marrow (erythroid precursors)
-Transient reduction in RBC production that is not a major problem in normal indiciduals
Immunocompromise: chronic infection of BM persistent anemia
Congenital B19: can cause hydrops fetalis (fatal anemia of fetus)
-No abnormalities in survivors |
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