Definition
| Nutrient Absorption cont’d: Facilitated Diffusion |
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Term
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Definition
Active transport: against the concentration gradient
•Requires additional energy |
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Term
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Definition
Movement High to low Concentration
Using Protein energy
Gradient = Diffusion Outside Membrane |
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Term
Active Transport
H + = Proton |
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Definition
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Term
| Endocytosis: phagocytosis, pinocytosis |
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Definition
| Endocytosis: phagocytosis, pinocytosis |
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Term
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Definition
| Exocytosis: eliminate wastes |
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Term
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Definition
Minimum
•Maximum
•Optimum
•Psychrophile: below 15 degrees CMesophile: 20 –40 degrees CThermophile: above 45 degrees |
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Term
| Gas Requirements: Oxygen, Carbon dioxide |
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Definition
•Aerobe
•Obligate aerobe: cannot grow without oxygen
•Microaerophile
•Anaerobe
•Obligate (strict) anaerobe
•Facultative anaerobe: aerobe, adapts to grow without oxygen when necessary |
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Term
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Definition
pH 7 = neutralBetween pH 6 –8 = most microbes
•Below 7 = acidObligate acidophiles = pH 0 –1
•Above 7 = basicAlkalinophiles = up to pH 10 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Miscellaneous Environmental Factors |
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Definition
Miscellaneous Environmental Factors
•Electromagnetic radiation: UV, Visible light, Infrared
•Provide energy for some microbes
•Some microbes make pigments for protection
•Barophiles: deep-sea |
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Term
| Relationships Among Microbes |
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Definition
Relationships Among Microbes
•Symbiotic
•Mutualism- beneficial to both
•Parasitism
•Non-Symbiotic
•Synergism: share
•Antagonism
Commensalism-beneficial to one |
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Term
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Definition
Normal flora
•Skin
•Digestive tract
•Reproductive tract
•Can convert to a parasite and cause disease |
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