Term
|
Definition
Histoplasma capsulatum
Sporothrix schenckii
Blastomyces dermatidis
Coccidiodes immitis
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
Penicillium marneffei
Black molds |
|
|
Term
Histoplasma capsulatum
Sporothrix schenckii
Blastomyces dermatidis
Coccidiodes immitis
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
Penicillium marneffei
Black molds |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
Aspergillus
Zygomycetes
Dematiaceous |
|
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Term
Aspergillus
Zygomycetes
Dematiaceous |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Candida
Cryptococcus
Malassezia furfur
Pneumocystis jirovecii |
|
|
Term
Candida
Cryptococcus
Malassezia furfur
Pneumocystis jirovecii |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
Chloramphenicol: to inhibit the growth of bacteria
Cycloheximide: to inhibit the growth of contaminant fungi |
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Term
|
Definition
| to inhibit the growth of bacteria |
|
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Term
| to inhibit the growth of bacteria |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| : to inhibit the growth of contaminant fungi |
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Term
| Blastomyces dermatitidis (Blastomycosis) |
|
Definition
Pulmonary, skin, bone
Mold: Fluffy, white-buff, prickly; Pear shaped conidia, lollipop
Yeast: Large yeast, 8-20 um, round to oval, thick double refractile cell walls, broad based bud |
|
|
Term
Pulmonary, skin, bone
Mold: Fluffy, white-buff, prickly; Pear shaped conidia, lollipop
Yeast: Large yeast, 8-20 um, round to oval, thick double refractile cell walls, broad based bud |
|
Definition
| Blastomyces dermatitidis (Blastomycosis) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Eastern USA, Mexico
Bat guano and bird droppings (Starlings)
95% of cases subclinical
5% Chronic progressive pulmonary, cutaneous/mucocutaneous, Chronic systemic (RESsystem) or acute fulminating systemic disease (fatal).
Mold: white to brown mycelium, cottony colony. Large and round tuberculated macroconidia, 8-16 um; small microconidia.
Yeast: small yeast, 2-4um, round to oval, consistent in size and shape, narrow neck in budding |
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|
Term
Eastern USA, Mexico
Bat guano and bird droppings (Starlings)
95% of cases subclinical
5% Chronic progressive pulmonary, cutaneous/mucocutaneous, Chronic systemic (RESsystem) or acute fulminating systemic disease (fatal).
Mold: white to brown mycelium, cottony colony. Large and round tuberculated macroconidia, 8-16 um; small microconidia.
Yeast: small yeast, 2-4um, round to oval, consistent in size and shape, narrow neck in budding |
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Definition
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|
Term
Eastern USA, Mexico
Bat guano and bird droppings (Starlings) |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Mold: white to brown mycelium, cottony colony. Large and round tuberculated macroconidia, 8-16 um; small microconidia. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Yeast: small yeast, 2-4um, round to oval, consistent in size and shape, narrow neck in budding |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
SW USA, desert sands
Mold: White wooly mold; barrel shaped hyphae, arthroconidia
Yeast: Thick wall spherules, 10-80um, endospores
Very infectious to laboratory personnel
DDX: Rhinosporidium spherules, 100-300um |
|
|
Term
SW USA, desert sands
Mold: White wooly mold; barrel shaped hyphae, arthroconidia
Yeast: Thick wall spherules, 10-80um, endospores
Very infectious to laboratory personnel
DDX: Rhinosporidium spherules, 100-300um |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| DDX: Rhinosporidium spherules, 100-300um |
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Definition
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|
Term
South American Blastomycosis: Brazil, Venezuela, Columbia
Lung, particularly facial and nasal involvement
White buffy mold; Pyriform conidia resembling blastomyces
Large yeast w/ multiple daughter buds, “Mariner’s wheel” |
|
Definition
| Parascoccidiodes brasiliensis |
|
|
Term
| Parascoccidiodes brasiliensis |
|
Definition
South American Blastomycosis: Brazil, Venezuela, Columbia
Lung, particularly facial and nasal involvement
White buffy mold; Pyriform conidia resembling blastomyces
Large yeast w/ multiple daughter buds, “Mariner’s wheel” |
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Term
|
Definition
Anaerobic bacteria, G+, filamentous, branching rods
Most common cause of mycetoma
Sulfur granules
Colony: Broth - bread crumb; agar plate - molar tooth
Modified AFB- |
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|
Term
Anaerobic bacteria, G+, filamentous, branching rods
Most common cause of mycetoma
Sulfur granules
Colony: Broth - bread crumb; agar plate - molar tooth
Modified AFB- |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common cause of mycetoma |
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Definition
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Term
| Nocardia brasiliensis / asteroides |
|
Definition
Form granules in mycetoma
Colony: dry, crumbly, musty smell
G+, long, thin, filamentous, branching, beaded
Partially modified AFB+ |
|
|
Term
Form granules in mycetoma
Colony: dry, crumbly, musty smell
G+, long, thin, filamentous, branching, beaded
Partially modified AFB+ |
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Definition
| Nocardia brasiliensis / asteroides |
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Term
Black Mold
Chromoblastomycosis |
|
Definition
Eumycotic mycetoma, trauma, black molds from the soil
Trilogy: Wart like lesions, Sclerotic bodies in tissue, Growth of dematiacious fungi
Black molds: Fonsecaea, Phialophora, Curvularia, Cladosporium, Exophiala, and Rhinocladiella
In tissue: sclerotic bodies, copper pennies, medlar bodies, brown, thick-walled with several cells, irregular cell division. |
|
|
Term
Eumycotic mycetoma, trauma, black molds from the soil
Trilogy: Wart like lesions, Sclerotic bodies in tissue, Growth of dematiacious fungi
Black molds: Fonsecaea, Phialophora, Curvularia, Cladosporium, Exophiala, and Rhinocladiella
In tissue: sclerotic bodies, copper pennies, medlar bodies, brown, thick-walled with several cells, irregular cell division. |
|
Definition
Black mold
chromoblastomycosis |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Fonsecaea, Phialophora, Curvularia, Cladosporium, Exophiala, and Rhinocladiella |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| sclerotic bodies, copper pennies, medlar bodies, brown, thick-walled with several cells, irregular cell division. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Rose gardener’s disease
Mold: rapid growth, brown to black; Septate hyphae with conidia, daisy wheel pattern (rosette or flower-like).
Yeast: small, elongated, 2 –5 um, cigar bodies
Diseases: Initial skin lesion w/wo ulceration; Lympho-cutaneous spread-bone-systemic; Pulmonary – CNS.
Histology: pyogenic to granulomatous; asteroid body-Splendore Hoeppli phenomenon |
|
|
Term
Rose gardener’s disease
Mold: rapid growth, brown to black; Septate hyphae with conidia, daisy wheel pattern (rosette or flower-like).
Yeast: small, elongated, 2 –5 um, cigar bodies
Diseases: Initial skin lesion w/wo ulceration; Lympho-cutaneous spread-bone-systemic; Pulmonary – CNS.
Histology: pyogenic to granulomatous; asteroid body-Splendore Hoeppli phenomenon |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Mold: rapid growth, brown to black; Septate hyphae with conidia, daisy wheel pattern (rosette or flower-like).
Yeast: small, elongated, 2 –5 um, cigar bodies |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Diseases: Initial skin lesion w/wo ulceration; Lympho-cutaneous spread-bone-systemic; Pulmonary – CNS. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Histology: pyogenic to granulomatous; asteroid body-Splendore Hoeppli phenomenon |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Rhinosporidium seeberi (Rhinosporidiosis |
|
Definition
Water and fish disease in India, Brazil.
Protozoa, not fungi
Chronic granulomatous infection of mucous membranes; Polypoid lesions, sessile or pedunculated.
Spherule and endospores 100-300um, larger than Coccidioides.
Endospores mucicarmine positive |
|
|
Term
Water and fish disease in India, Brazil.
Protozoa, not fungi
Chronic granulomatous infection of mucous membranes; Polypoid lesions, sessile or pedunculated.
Spherule and endospores 100-300um, larger than Coccidioides.
Endospores mucicarmine positive |
|
Definition
| Rhinosporidium seeberi (Rhinosporidiosis) |
|
|
Term
Chronic granulomatous infection of mucous membranes; Polypoid lesions, sessile or pedunculated.
Spherule and endospores 100-300um, larger than Coccidioides.
Endospores mucicarmine positive |
|
Definition
| Rhinosporidium seeberi (Rhinosporidiosis) |
|
|
Term
Water and fish disease in India, Brazil.
Protozoa, not fungi |
|
Definition
| Rhinosporidium seeberi (Rhinosporidiosis) |
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Term
|
Definition
Opportunist – skin or mucous membranes
Endogenous pathogen – NF GI, GU and skin
Thrush, vaginitis, skin lesions, endocarditis, etc
Rapid growth, 24 – 48 hrs. Bacterial like colony, pasty white
Budding yeast – oval, 7 uM in size and form, pseudohyphae (look like sausage links). Chlamydospores on cornmeal agar.
Germ tube +, β-D-galactoaminidase +, sucrose –
C. glabrata, kruseii, and tropicalis commonly resistant to fluconazole
Albicans, Tropicalis, and stellatoidea are germ tube positive |
|
|
Term
Opportunist – skin or mucous membranes
Endogenous pathogen – NF GI, GU and skin
Thrush, vaginitis, skin lesions, endocarditis, etc
Rapid growth, 24 – 48 hrs. Bacterial like colony, pasty white
Budding yeast – oval, 7 uM in size and form, pseudohyphae (look like sausage links). Chlamydospores on cornmeal agar.
Germ tube +, β-D-galactoaminidase +, sucrose –
C. glabrata, kruseii, and tropicalis commonly resistant to fluconazole
Albicans, Tropicalis, and stellatoidea are germ tube positive |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Thrush, vaginitis, skin lesions, endocarditis, etc
Rapid growth, 24 – 48 hrs. Bacterial like colony, pasty white |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Budding yeast – oval, 7 uM in size and form, pseudohyphae (look like sausage links). Chlamydospores on cornmeal agar.
Germ tube +, β-D-galactoaminidase +, sucrose – |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| commonly resistant to fluconazole |
|
Definition
| C. glabrata, kruseii, and tropicalis |
|
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Term
| C. glabrata, kruseii, and tropicalis |
|
Definition
| commonly resistant to fluconazole |
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Term
|
Definition
| Albicans, Tropicalis, and stellatoidea |
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Term
| Tinea versicolor (Pityriasis versicolor) |
|
Definition
Malassezia furfur, NF on the skin, especially oily skin.
Disease (1) Skin: hypo or hyper pigmentation; (2) Fungemia in neonates on IV lipid feeding in central lines.
Culture: Lipophilic yeast, need medium and long chain fatty acid. Small budding yeast 2-4 uM, broad base single bud with circumferential thickening at bud (collarette)
Urease+ |
|
|
Term
Malassezia furfur, NF on the skin, especially oily skin.
Disease (1) Skin: hypo or hyper pigmentation; (2) Fungemia in neonates on IV lipid feeding in central lines.
Culture: Lipophilic yeast, need medium and long chain fatty acid. Small budding yeast 2-4 uM, broad base single bud with circumferential thickening at bud (collarette)
Urease+ |
|
Definition
| tinea versicolor (pityriasis versicolor) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Disease (1) Skin: hypo or hyper pigmentation; (2) Fungemia in neonates on IV lipid feeding in central lines. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Culture: Lipophilic yeast, need medium and long chain fatty acid. Small budding yeast 2-4 uM, broad base single bud with circumferential thickening at bud (collarette) |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
Tuberculate macroconidia
Multicellular
Few microconidia
Spiny (tuberculated) |
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|
Term
Tuberculate macroconidia
Multicellular
Few microconidia
Spiny (tuberculated) |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
Pencil shaped Macroconidia
Many microconidia |
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Term
Pencil shaped Macroconidia
Many microconidia |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Macroconidia, nonspiny
No microconidia
Beaver-tail like |
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Term
Macroconidia, nonspiny
No microconidia
Beaver-tail like |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
Pigeon, chicken or turkey droppings
Enters through pulmonary system
Disease: CNS, blood in immunocompromised host, AIDS
Great variability in size and shape 2 – 20 um, daughter cells attached by narrow thread
Detection:
Polysaccharide capsule
India ink – negative staining method
Cryptococcal antigen test, galactoxylomannan, CSF and blood
Culture: grows well on all agars, mucoid colonies
Mucicarmine +, urease +, inositol + |
|
|
Term
Pigeon, chicken or turkey droppings
Enters through pulmonary system
Disease: CNS, blood in immunocompromised host, AIDS
Great variability in size and shape 2 – 20 um, daughter cells attached by narrow thread
Detection:
Polysaccharide capsule
India ink – negative staining method
Cryptococcal antigen test, galactoxylomannan, CSF and blood
Culture: grows well on all agars, mucoid colonies
Mucicarmine +, urease +, inositol + |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Disease: CNS, blood in immunocompromised host, AIDS
Great variability in size and shape 2 – 20 um, daughter cells attached by narrow thread |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Pigeon, chicken or turkey droppings
Enters through pulmonary system |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Detection:
Polysaccharide capsule
India ink – negative staining method
Cryptococcal antigen test, galactoxylomannan, CSF and blood |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Culture: grows well on all agars, mucoid colonies
Mucicarmine +, urease +, inositol + |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Hyaline, septate, 45 degree branching.
Vasoinvasive, thrombosis, infarctions, supprative inflammation |
|
|
Term
| Which aspergillus is amphotericin resistant? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Hyaline, septate, 45 degree branching.
Vasoinvasive, thrombosis, infarctions, supprative inflammation |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| club-shaped vesicles with sporulation on top half of vesicles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| phialides arise from entire circumference of vesicle. two rows of phialides |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| circumferential phialidies |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
Angiotropic, rhinocerebral, pulmonary, skin, GI.
Predisposing factors: DKA, debilitating, burns, iron overload.
Broad, 6-50 um wide, thin-walled, hyaline, often aseptate or sparsely septate; the contours of the hyphae are typically non-parallel and branches are irregular.
• Family Mucoraceae
Rhizopus species
Mucor species
Rhizomucor pusillus
Absidia corymbifera
Apophysomyces elegans
• Family Cunninghamellaceae
Cunninghamella bertholletiae
• Family Saksenaea
Saksenaea vasiformis |
|
|
Term
Angiotropic, rhinocerebral, pulmonary, skin, GI.
Predisposing factors: DKA, debilitating, burns, iron overload.
Broad, 6-50 um wide, thin-walled, hyaline, often aseptate or sparsely septate; the contours of the hyphae are typically non-parallel and branches are irregular.
• Family Mucoraceae
Rhizopus species
Mucor species
Rhizomucor pusillus
Absidia corymbifera
Apophysomyces elegans
• Family Cunninghamellaceae
Cunninghamella bertholletiae
• Family Saksenaea
Saksenaea vasiformis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Rhizopus species
Mucor species
Rhizomucor pusillus
Absidia corymbifera
Apophysomyces elegans |
|
|
Term
Rhizopus species
Mucor species
Rhizomucor pusillus
Absidia corymbifera
Apophysomyces elegans |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Broad, 6-50 um wide, thin-walled, hyaline, often aseptate or sparsely septate; the contours of the hyphae are typically non-parallel and branches are irregular. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Angiotropic, rhinocerebral, pulmonary, skin, GI.
Predisposing factors: DKA, debilitating, burns, iron overload |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| root-like rhizoids at the base of sporangiophores |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Saprophytic (able to live on decaying organic matter).
Broad Hyphae
3-25 um in diameter; average 12 um.
Infrequently septate, with nonparallel sides.
Hyphae may appear distorted with swollen cell or compressed, twisted, and folded.
Rhizoids present
Long sporangiophores; usually unbranched.
Sporangiophores originating just above rhizoids.
Thick-walled chlamydospores (15-30 um in diameter) may form.
Special fungal stains (GMS, GF, PAS) generally work poorly.
Rapid growth rate; matures within 4 days.
Growth is inhibited by cycloheximide.
Colonies are usually white to cream to gray-pigmented |
|
|
Term
Saprophytic (able to live on decaying organic matter).
Broad Hyphae
3-25 um in diameter; average 12 um.
Infrequently septate, with nonparallel sides.
Hyphae may appear distorted with swollen cell or compressed, twisted, and folded.
Rhizoids present
Long sporangiophores; usually unbranched.
Sporangiophores originating just above rhizoids.
Thick-walled chlamydospores (15-30 um in diameter) may form.
Special fungal stains (GMS, GF, PAS) generally work poorly.
Rapid growth rate; matures within 4 days.
Growth is inhibited by cycloheximide.
Colonies are usually white to cream to gray-pigmented |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Broad Hyphae
3-25 um in diameter; average 12 um.
Infrequently septate, with nonparallel sides.
Hyphae may appear distorted with swollen cell or compressed, twisted, and folded. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Long sporangiophores; usually unbranched.
Sporangiophores originating just above rhizoids.
Thick-walled chlamydospores (15-30 um in diameter) may form. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Special fungal stains (GMS, GF, PAS) generally work poorly. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Rapid growth rate; matures within 4 days.
Growth is inhibited by cycloheximide. |
|
Definition
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|
