Term
HPV structure?
Shape, envelope, strand, D/R. |
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Definition
| Naked, icosahedral, Circular, Double stranded DNA. |
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Term
Types of HPV infections: skin to skin.
Caused by virus numbers? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Plantar warts, common warts. |
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Term
| Mucosal HPV Low risk, virus types? |
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Definition
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Term
| Low Risk Mucosal HPV associated with? |
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Definition
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Term
| HPV high risk, virus types? |
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Definition
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Term
| HPV high risk associated with? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Why do some strains of HPV cause cancer? |
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Definition
| High risk(16 and 18) episomes (DNA inclusions) are opened and inserted into the genome. Where they are cut disrupts a gene that controls how rapidly the DNA is transcribed. Makes huge amounts of protein and causes instability of the DNA within the cell. |
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Term
| Do many people become HPV positive? |
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Definition
| Levels increase dramatically with sex and number of partners. |
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Term
| Do condoms protect from HPV? |
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Definition
| Nope. They do not. Travels through the moisture. |
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Term
| DO most people know they are infected? |
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Definition
| Only 1% present with warts, many more present with subclinical cytology and the greatest portion of people have no clinical symptoms put have positive PCR or Antibody. |
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Term
| How long does it take on average to develop precursors or invasive cancer? |
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Definition
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Term
| HPV causes what percent of Cervical cancers? Anal cancers? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Virus is difficult to grow outside of a cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| Isolate DNA of naturally occurring HPV and then clone and insert into yeast to make viral proteins, which form a capsule. The empty capsid is used as the vaccine, body generates antibodies against the capsule. |
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Term
|
Definition
| 16 and 18, and 16, 18 and 11 ,6. Produces a humoral immune response. 3 doses. |
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Term
| Efficacy of HPV 16/18 against mod/severe changes? |
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Definition
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Term
| Efficacy of HPV 6/11/16/18 vaccine against genital warts? |
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Definition
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Term
| HPV vaccine is recommended for who? |
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Definition
| Females between 9-26. Boys. Can be administered to persons who are immunosupressed. Not recommended for use in pregnancy. |
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Term
| What is the cause of 3/4 of all diarrhoeas? |
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Definition
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Term
| Second most common viral illness after upper respiratory tract infections? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are enteric viruses spread? |
|
Definition
Poor hygiene and poor sanitation.
Fecal oral, contaminated water supplies, food, fomites. |
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Term
| Types of Gastroenteritis viruses? |
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Definition
Rotavirus*
Noroviruses*
Adenoviruses*
Astrovirus
*= diarrhea causing |
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Term
| Explain Pathogenesis of gastroenteric viruses. |
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Definition
Viruses replicate in the mucosal cells of small intestine, damaging transport mechanisms, resulting in greater loss of fluids and electrolytes.
Little inflammation and diarrhea is non-bloody. |
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Term
| Gastroenteritis incubation times? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Gastroenteritis symptom length? |
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Definition
| Don't last long, (24-48 hours) |
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Term
| In children this symptom is more common for Gastroenteritis virus? |
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Definition
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Term
| In adults, what is the most common symptom for Gastroenteritis virus? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| How long are you contagious? |
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Definition
| Viral shedding may occur asymptomatically for weeks. |
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Term
| Is Gastroenteritis fatal? |
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Definition
| Only in developing countries |
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Term
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Definition
| Antigen in stool(Rota virus), PCR nucleic acid detection(norovirus). |
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Term
| Therapy for viral Gastroenteritis? |
|
Definition
| No antivirals available. Focus on rehydration, and symptom relief(peptobismol). |
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Term
| Rota virus structure? Strand/enveloped/DorR. |
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Definition
| Naked, double stranded RNA virus. |
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Term
| Where did rotavirus get their name? |
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Definition
| Look like a wheel under EM? |
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Term
|
Definition
| May be asymptomatic. can cause mortality in approx. 30% malnourished children. |
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Term
| Rotavirus capacity to cause outbreak? |
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Definition
| Usually endemic (localized). |
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Term
| 4 things to know about Rotavirus? |
|
Definition
| 1. Primarily in children 2. Seasonal 3. Rota vaccine not publicly funded 4. Looks like a wheel |
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Term
| Norovirus structure? Strand/D or R. |
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Definition
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Term
| Noroviruses - aka Winter vomiting disease. Commonly found where? |
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Definition
| Cruise ships, hospitals, nursing homes, daycares. If there is an outbreak of diarrhea, there is 90% it is noroviruses. |
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Term
| Norovirus causes outbreaks most commonly in which age range? |
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Definition
| Adults more than children. |
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Term
| Norovirus - how infectious is it? |
|
Definition
| VERY INFECTIOUS. Only 10 viruses can cause disease? |
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Term
| You can have recurring Norovirus infections why? |
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Definition
| We don't develop antibodies to it. |
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