Term
| viruses are entities that |
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Definition
-Contain a single type of nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA [never both].
-Contain a protein coat (sometimes itself enclosed by an envelope of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates) that surrounds the nucleic acid.
-Multiply inside living cells by using the synthesizing machinery of the cell.
-Cause the synthesis of specialized structures that can transfer the viral nucleic acid to other cells. |
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Definition
| phage attaches by tail fibers to host cells |
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Definition
| phage lysozyme opens cell wall, tail sheath contracts to force tail core and DNA into cell |
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Definition
| Production of phage DNA and proteins |
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Definition
| Assembly of phage particles |
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Definition
| Phage lysozyme breaks cell wall |
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Term
| Prion = proteinaceous infections particle |
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Definition
| Disease caused by conversion of normal protein into an infectious form (mechanism unclear) |
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Definition
| The use of drugs to treat a disease |
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Definition
| Interfere with the growth of microbes within a host |
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Definition
| Substance produced by a microbe that, in small amounts, inhibits another microbe |
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Definition
| A drug that kills harmful microbes without damaging the host |
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Definition
| an antibiotic that is effective against a wide range of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. |
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Term
| Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance: |
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Definition
1. Enzymatic destruction of drug
2.Prevention of penetration of drug
3.Alteration of drug's target site
4. Rapid ejection of the drug |
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Term
| Misuse of antibiotics selects for resistance mutants. Misuse includes: |
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Definition
-Using outdated, weakened antibiotics
-Using antibiotics for the common cold and other inappropriate conditions
-Use of antibiotics in animal feed
Failure to complete the prescribed regimen
-Using someone else's leftover prescription |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when the effect of two drugs together is greater than the effect of either alone. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when the effect of two drugs together is less than the effect of either alone. |
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