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| Leonardo Divinci,"where the spirit does not work with the hands, there is no art." |
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| David, The Pieta, The Moses,Sistine Chapel, St. Peters Dome, envisioned works in his mind, 13 years younger than Leonardo, considered himself a sculptor |
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| Refers to a sculpture of Mary holding Jesus, Michelangelo's created a famous Pieta (only piece he signed) |
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| Study the great masters like Leonardo and Michelangelo, School of Athens, Madonna of the Meadow, |
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| 4 elements that constitute creativity |
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| value, intent, novelty, and excellent |
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| the creative work has value to society beyond just the immediate family and friends of the creator |
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| Started in Florence Italy, French word for rebirth, tried to recreate Roman virtues |
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| Divine Comedy- religious and medieval in outlook, Dante revered Roman values as taught by Virgil and Cato and incorporated these men as characters |
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| Florentine who revered Dante, considered the link between the middle ages and Renaissance, pivotal in convincing people a new age was starting, wanted to reestablish Roman glories and hated German dominance (called it Dark Ages),wrote in Italian, asked by Rome and France to be their poet laureate and accepted Rome, Teaching known as humanism |
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| improved education that emphasized values of individual existence like ancient Greece and Rome hence analyzing and appreciating classical culture, philosophy, literature and art were important |
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| invention of movable printing type |
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| Masaccio AKA Tomasso Guidi |
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| decorated the Brancacci Chapel-"The Expulsion from paradise" and "The Tribute Money", believed in putting realism into his figures instead of just symbolism, "the holy trinity" showed perspective |
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| sculptor, influenced by ancient Greece and Rome, "St. George" and "David"- the feel of David is Pagan no religious, "Saint Mary Magdalene"- she looks haggard and weary from sin |
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| used triangular arrangements and strong classical themes, "Birth of Venus" |
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| richest family in Europe, ruled Florence for six decades, lead the sponsorship of art and architecture, the family started as physicians but switched to bankers |
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| Cosimo's grandson, Florence reached zenith under his rule(dominant commercial and military power in Europe), accomplished poet, supporter of the arts, supported Botticelli and was a friend of Michelangelo, paid to rebuild the university of Pisa, promoted classical and humanist viewpoints |
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| close friend of Lorenzo de Medici, brilliant, claimed to have read every book in Italy, wrote 900 theses covering the entire spectrum of human learning, 12 thesis the church called heretical he went to prison for short period of time, wrote "Oration on the Dignity of man" |
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| Savonarola a catholic priest fought against Florence's worldliness, eventually became the French kind, anti-progress and worldliness, sent men to gather elements of evil and burned them (paintings etc.) |
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| Most important political thinker of the Renaissance, believed in absolute rule by one authority, kicked out of Florence for supporting the Florentine Republic, wrote a book called "the prince" to gain favor with the Medici family to get back to Florence, |
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| Book written by Machiavelli p. 24, |
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| Renaissance man, highly creative, inquisitive about the world, multiple talents, master of many crafts. Painter, musician, architect, engineer, scientist, teacher, historian, optician, cartographer, and adviser to nobles and kings. Illegitimate child raised by father, "Madonna of the Rocks"- triangular arrangement, atmospheric perspective in bluish gray and lightly defined mtns, diminution perspective- mary's arm called foreshortening, chiaroscuro- light and dark, "The Last Supper"- perspective around Jesus head, "Mona Lisa"- sfumato- smoky, Leo wrote an anatomy text |
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| same period as leo, mich, and raph, Venetian painter, often commissioned by churches and civic leaders, similar to main peeps but difference shown in "Bacchus and Ariadne"- used vibrant colors, dynamic and dramatic action, more sensuality, |
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| most important composer of 1400's, wrote religious and secular music, famous for blending both, secularization of the "motet", "L'homme arme"="The anchored man"- took secular music and made it religious |
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| composed and used for 200 yrs, blending of things secular and religious |
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| Most famous composer of the Renaissance, director of music for the vatica, singer in Sistine Chapel, choirmaster of St. Peter's Cathedral, saved polyphony, "Mass in Honor of Pope Marcellus" |
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| most popular of the court, written for three voices and were usually about courtly love |
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| form of poetry set to music and usually sung with great emotion, polyphonic, usually satirical or humorous, popular with the common people |
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| Niccolo Machiavelli, written while exciled from the Medici family, it was a handbook on how to rule effectively but was highly controversial and quickly condemned by the pope, stability is the ultimate goal of government |
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| Erasmus, a discussion of free will |
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| published works against Martin Luther and the Lutheran principles |
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