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Everything we do is for a reason or a purpose and has underlying meaning.
(Concept of Psychodynamic Pyschotherapy) |
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Process in which trained professionals with expert knowledge of their discipline interact with clients to help them resolve psychological problems and address mental health difficulties |
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| Talking openly, one thing reminds you of another thing, then another thing. |
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| the idea that a topic where the client doesn't want to talk or change is typically the problematic issues; this can be obvious as in the clip where acted like nothing new was going on. |
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- Introduced by Freud, who believed everything goes back to child hood
- Id, pleasure principle, Ego mediator, and Superego, moral principle are the stages
-Believes that defense mechanisms are used to resolve conflicts which stem from tasks that were not achieved during a certain stage |
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"the redirection of feelings and desires and especially of those unconsciously retained from childhood toward a new object."
-often onto the therapist |
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| Therapist's feelings toward the emotions directed toward the patients. |
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- a theory created by Carl Rogers
- based on the idea that there is discrepancy between the perceived self and the ideal self
-avoidance or denial of current emotions, feelings, and desires
-this type of therapy seeks to bring people closer to their ideal self |
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| Personal growth is primary, symptom change is secondary |
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unconditional positive regard, empathy, always being the person's supporter and cheer leader, genuineness, use of reflections & open ended questions
Paraphrasing: a technique used to make sure you understand correctly and a chance for the client to clarify their own thoughts |
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- founded by John Watson
- claims that psychopathology is the result of maladaptive conditions; focuses on observable behaviors
-functional analysis of antecedents, behaviors, and consequences
-changes contingencies of environment to change behavior
-goal: to change unwanted behaviors
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| challenges someone to behave in a way that is inconsistent with what they feel; arguing that a good mood is likely to follow when you act in a way that a person in a good mood acts |
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- highly effective and successful when working with children; very practical and observable discipline
-E.g. Exposure Therapy is used to treat obsessive compulsive disorder |
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-Aaron Beck
- Argues that problems are learned and maintained by cognitive and social learning
-Problems may be outside the cognitive awareness
-Goal: focus on symptom reduction, clearly defined and monitored |
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| Techniques of Cognitive Therapy |
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(specific techniques for specific problems)
-challenge negative thoughts and beliefs
-Are these thoughts true or untrue?
Therapeutic Relationships, Self-monitoring, Ongoing Assessment, Challenge thoughts, Eliminate Absoluteness, Homework, Monitoring Progress |
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| Cognitive Behavioral Therapy |
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One of the most evidence based interventions
-involves a lot of psychoeducation (how does anxiety work?) and skills training
- Argues that your thoughts HIGHLY impact your experience- feelings/mood/actions
- So this approach aims to alter the thoughts and beliefs that drive moods, anxiety, etc. |
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a quantitative expression of the extent to which the treated group improved relative to the control group
average: .7 |
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| Smith & Glass Meta-analysis (1977) |
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First modern meta-analysis
Average effect size of .68
In comparison with average effect size of med/surgical interventions .50 |
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68 in total
Average Effect Size of .75 |
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Meta-analysis of Kid's Therapy
Avg. Effect Size of .71 |
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| How much therapy do you need? |
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Definition
| 21 sessions needed for 50% of patients to recover |
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| Tells the child exactly what the parent likes |
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| tells the child the parent likes something, but not specifically what they like |
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| describes what the child is doing; shows the child that you are interested in it and paying attention |
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| repeat what the child has just said using the same or similar words |
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| declarative statement that contains an order or direction to the child to perform a behavior |
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| a direction given to a child that is implied or in a question form |
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Definition
Small-.2
Medium-.5
Large-.8 |
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