Term
| What are the physical and chemical processes by which the body builds and maintains itself? |
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Definition
THe chemical process through which the body builds and maintains itself is through anabolism and catabolism [image]
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Term
| What are risk factors for elevated glucose levels? |
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Definition
| Most often chronic disease diabetes. Insufficient insulin is available to allow the cells to use the circulating insulin. Insulin attaches itself to the cell receptor site and allows glucose to enter the cell and be used for cell processes ( metabolism) So, glucose accumulates in the blood and causes symptoms of hyperglycemia. |
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Term
| What factors besides diabetes can cause elevated blood glucose levels? |
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Definition
patients receiving steroid drugs, parenteral nutrition, patients with inflammation of the pancreas
(pancreatitis), liver disease, and some patients with other endocrine problems. |
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Term
| What will a patient without a problem with glucose metabolism have for fasting glucose readings? |
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Definition
between 65-99 mg/dl.
The lower range for fasting glucose should not be below 70 mg/dl. |
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Term
| What are some waring symptoms and crisis for hyPOglycemia? |
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Definition
- Irritable, Feeling hungry, Feeling nervous/ shakiness, Awareness of Heart palpitations/ rapid pulse, Sweating/ cool damp skin and pale
- Nausea, Low blood pressure (hypotension)
- Headache, Can't concentrate or speak clearly
- Blurred vision, Change in emotional behavior,
- Severe or crisis: coma or death
- BG < 60mg/dL
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Term
| What are some signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia? |
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Definition
fasting blood glucose greater than or equal to 126 mg.,
Polyuria- excessive urination, Polyphagia-hunger, Polydipsia - excessive thirst, Blurred vision, Fatigue, Weight loss, Delayed wound healing, Signs of dehydration, Vaginal yeast infections, groin rash, or external ear infections (swimmer's ear), Kussmaul's breathing pattern: deep, rapid breathing
Decreased level of consciousness |
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Term
| What might be a difficulty when obtaining a finger stick? |
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Definition
| Some individuals have decreased circulation from age or from disease. This therefore causes difficulty in obtaining the blood sample for testing. |
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Term
| What factors may have an impact on growth and development? |
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Definition
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- Genetic Factors: include heredity, gender, physical stature, race, temperament
- Environmental factors includes family, peers, life experiences, religion, culture, living environment
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Term
| What are Erikson's 8 stages of development? And what must happen in them? |
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Definition
Infancy: birth to 1, Task: trust vs. mistrust
Early Childhood: 1 to 3. Task: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Late Childhood: 3-6, Task: initiative vs guilt
School Age: 6-12, Task Industry vs. Inferiority
Adolescence: 12-10 Task: Identity vs. role confusion
Young Adult: 18-25, Task: Intimacy vs. Isolation
Middle Adult: 25-65, Task:Generativity vs. stagnation
Older Adult: 65 +, Task: integrity vs despare
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Term
| What are the signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia? |
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Definition
BG> 250, frquent urination, reduced appetite, weakness, fatigue, blurred vision, dry mouth, abdominal cramping, polyuria, polydypsia, polyphagia, poor wound healing, weight loss, signs of dehydration
Vaginal yeast infections, groin rash, or external ear infections (swimmer's ear), deep, rapid breathing,
Decreased level of consciousness.
Remember, insulin attaches itself to the cell receptor site and allows glucose to enter the cell and be used for cell processes ( metabolism) So, glucose accumulates in the blood and causes symptoms of hyperglycemia when there is inadequate insulin. |
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Term
| In which patients should the nurse be alert to the possibility of hyperglycemia? |
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Definition
| Patients receiving steroid drugs, patients receiving parenteral nutrition, patients with inflammation of the pancreas ( pancreatitis), liver disease, and some patients with other endocrine problems. Of course patients w/ diabetes. |
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Term
| What are some predisposing factors for hyperglycemia? |
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Definition
| inadequate insulin, eating too much food, infection, acute illness, inactivity and stress. |
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Term
| What are some predisposing factors for hypoglycemia? |
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Definition
| Low BG (BG>60) , too much insulin, erratic absorption of insulin, sudden increase in activity, failure to eat on time, alcohol consumption, some meds. |
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